User manual ALLIED TELESIS AT-S24 - MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE VERSION 2.01

Management Software ® AT-S24 x User's Guide FOR USE WITH AT-8216FXL, AT-8224XL, AND AT-8288XL FAST ETHERNET SWITCH PRODUCTS VERSION 2.01 PN 613-10809-00 Rev D Copyright 2000 Allied Telesyn International, Corp. 960 Stewart Drive Suite B, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Allied Telesyn International, Corp. CentreCom is a registered trademark of Allied Telesyn International, Corp. Netscape Navigator is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation. All other product names, company names, logos or other designations mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. Allied Telesyn International, Corp. reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior written notice. The information provided herein is subject to change without notice. In no event shall Allied Telesyn International, Corp. be liable for any incidental, special, indirect, or consequential damages whatsoever, including but not limited to lost profits, arising out of or related to this manual or the information contained herein, even if Allied Telesyn International, Corp. has been advised of, known, or should have known, the possibility of such damages. Table of Contents Preface ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Supported Platforms ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Purpose of This Guide .........................................................................................................................................................................................11 How This Guide is Organized ...........................................................................................................................................................................12 Document Conventions ....................................................................................................................................................................................13 Where to Find Web-based Guides .................................................................................................................................................................14 Contacting Allied Telesyn .................................................................................................................................................................................15 Online Support ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 Technical Support and Services ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 Technical Support E-mail Addresses .................................................................................................................................................... 15 Returning Products .............................................................................................................................................................................................16 FTP Server ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................17 For Sales or Corporate Information ...............................................................................................................................................................18 Tell Us What You Think ......................................................................................................................................................................................19 Chapter 1 Getting Started ...................................................................................................................................................................................................21 Overview .................................................................................................................................................................................................................22 Starting a Local Omega Session Using the RS232 Port ..........................................................................................................................23 Omega Main Menu ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Selecting Menu Options and Changing Parameters ...................................................................................................................... 25 Quitting from a Local Session ................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Starting an Omega Session from a Web Browser .....................................................................................................................................28 Managed Switch .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Omega Main Menu Window ................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Web Links ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Browser Tools................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31 Quitting an Omega Session from a Web Browser ........................................................................................................................... 31 Starting a Remote Omega Session with Telnet or an SNMP Management Program ..................................................................32 Connecting to a Remote Switch .....................................................................................................................................................................33 Menu Tree ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................34 3 Table of Contents Chapter 2 Managing a Switch ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Configuring the Switch IP Parameters ......................................................................................................................................................... 40 Setting IP Parameters................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol .................................................................................................................................................... 45 Activating or Deactivating STP and Configuring the Port Parameters ................................................................................... 46 Configuring STP Parameters................................................................................................................................................................... 49 Enabling or Disabling IGMP Snooping ........................................................................................................................................................ 51 Naming a Switch .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 53 Resetting a Switch ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 54 Reassigning the Default Settings for the Switch ...................................................................................................................................... 55 Configuring the RS232 Port ............................................................................................................................................................................. 56 Running Diagnostics .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 59 Displaying the Activity Monitor ..................................................................................................................................................................... 61 Pinging a Device .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 62 Chapter 3 Configuring the Ports ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 65 Displaying Port Status ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 66 Configuring Port Parameters .......................................................................................................................................................................... 68 Configuring Port Trunks .................................................................................................................................................................................... 72 Guidelines...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72 Creating a Port Trunk ................................................................................................................................................................................ 75 Deleting a Port Trunk ................................................................................................................................................................................ 77 Configuring Port Mirroring .............................................................................................................................................................................. 78 Enabling Port Mirroring ............................................................................................................................................................................ 78 Disabling Port Mirroring........................................................................................................................................................................... 80 Configuring Port Security ................................................................................................................................................................................. 81 Chapter 4 Configuring the MAC Address Table ....................................................................................................................................................... 85 MAC Address Table ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 86 Displaying the MAC Address Table ...................................................................................................................................................... 87 Displaying the MAC Addresses of a Port ............................................................................................................................................ 88 Displaying the Port Number of a MAC Address............................................................................................................................... 89 Clearing All Dynamic MAC Addresses ................................................................................................................................................. 90 Changing the Aging Time of the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................... 90 Static MAC Address Table ................................................................................................................................................................................. 92 Displaying the Static MAC Address Table .......................................................................................................................................... 92 Adding Addresses to the Static MAC Address Table ..................................................................................................................... 93 Deleting Addresses from the Static MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................. 95 Clearing the Static MAC Address Table .............................................................................................................................................. 96 Multicast Addresses ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 97 Configuring a Multicast Address........................................................................................................................................................... 97 Changing a Multicast Port Assignment .............................................................................................................................................. 99 Deleting a Multicast Address.................................................................................................................................................................. 99 4 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Chapter 5 Configuring Virtual LANs and Quality of Service ............................................................................................................................ 101 Overview .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 102 Port-Based VLANs..................................................................................................................................................................................... 103 VLAN Tagging ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 104 Creating a Port-based or Tagged VLAN .................................................................................................................................................... 110 Phase 1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 110 Phase 2 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 113 Phase 3 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 114 Verifying the VLAN Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 116 Creating an Example VLAN ............................................................................................................................................................................ 117 Phase 1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 117 Phase 2 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 118 Phase 3 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 118 Modifying a Port-based or Tagged VLAN ................................................................................................................................................. 120 Phase 1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 120 Phase 2 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 121 Phase 3 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 121 Deleting a Port-based or Tagged VLAN .................................................................................................................................................... 122 Phase 1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 122 Phase 2 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 122 Activating and Deactivating the Multiple VLAN Mode ....................................................................................................................... 124 Assigning the CPU Management Port to a VLAN .................................................................................................................................. 128 Configuring Port Priority Queueing ........................................................................................................................................................... 129 Configuring Switch Priority Queuing ......................................................................................................................................................... 131 Chapter 6 Displaying Ethernet Statistics .................................................................................................................................................................. 133 Displaying Statistics for Received Frames ................................................................................................................................................ 134 Displaying Statistics for Transmitted Frames .......................................................................................................................................... 137 Displaying RMON Statistics for a Switch ................................................................................................................................................... 139 Displaying RMON Statistics for a Port ........................................................................................................................................................ 140 Resetting the Statistics Counters ................................................................................................................................................................ 141 Interpreting the Graphs .................................................................................................................................................................................. 142 Chapter 7 Configuring the Omega Interface ........................................................................................................................................................... 143 Creating an Omega Password ...................................................................................................................................................................... 144 Specifying a Timeout Value ........................................................................................................................................................................... 146 Enabling and Disabling the Access Methods .......................................................................................................................................... 147 Chapter 8 Upgrading Switch Software and Configuration Files ................................................................................................................... 149 Upgrading the Switch Software .................................................................................................................................................................. 149 Using XModem to Upgrade the Switch Software......................................................................................................................... 150 Using TFTP to Upgrade Software........................................................................................................................................................ 151 Uploading and Downloading System Configuration Files ................................................................................................................ 152 5 Table of Contents Appendix A AT-S24 Default Settings ...............................................................................................................................................................................153 Appendix B Spanning Tree Protocol Concepts ..........................................................................................................................................................155 Spanning Tree Protocol Features ................................................................................................................................................................156 Spanning Tree Protocol Parameters ...........................................................................................................................................................157 Spanning Tree Protocol Operation .............................................................................................................................................................158 Appendix C Supported Platforms .....................................................................................................................................................................................159 Index ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................161 6 List of Figures Chapter 1 Getting Started Figure 1: Omega Main Menu from a Local Session ............................................................................................................................. 24 Figure 2: Entering a Switch's IP Address in the URL Field ................................................................................................................. 28 Figure 3: Initial Omega Window from a Web Browser ...................................................................................................................... 29 Figure 4: Omega Main Menu from a Web Browser ............................................................................................................................. 30 Figure 5: Active Menu Option ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Figure 6: Entry Field ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 31 Figure 7: Omega Main Menu Tree ............................................................................................................................................................. 37 Chapter 2 Managing a Switch Figure 8: System Configuration Menu ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 Figure 9: IP Parameters Window ................................................................................................................................................................ 42 Figure 10: DHCP Selections ......................................................................................................................................................................... 43 Figure 11: Bridging Menu ............................................................................................................................................................................. 46 Figure 12: Port Parameters for the Spanning Tree Protocol ............................................................................................................ 47 Figure 13: Port STP Parameters Window ................................................................................................................................................ 48 Figure 14: Setting Port STP Parameters Window ................................................................................................................................. 48 Figure 15: Spanning Tree Parameters Window .................................................................................................................................... 49 Figure 16: System Switch Configuration Menu .................................................................................................................................... 51 Figure 17: IGMP Options ............................................................................................................................................................................... 51 Figure 18: System Name Prompt ............................................................................................................................................................... 53 Figure 19: Administration menu ................................................................................................................................................................ 54 Figure 20: Terminal Configuration Window .......................................................................................................................................... 56 Figure 21: Sample Diagnostics Window ................................................................................................................................................. 60 Figure 22: Activity Monitor Window ........................................................................................................................................................ 61 Figure 23: Ping Window ................................................................................................................................................................................ 62 Figure 24: Ping Results Example ................................................................................................................................................................ 62 Chapter 3 Configuring the Ports Figure 25: Port Status Window ................................................................................................................................................................... 66 Figure 26: Port Configuration Window ................................................................................................................................................... 68 Figure 27: Port Speed Setting for an AT-8224XL Switch or AT-8288XL Switch ........................................................................ 70 Figure 28: Port Groupings on an AT-8216FXL Switch (Model AT-8216FXL/SC) ....................................................................... 72 Figure 29: Port Groupings on the AT-8224XL Switch ........................................................................................................................ 73 Figure 30: Port Groupings on an AT-8288XL Switch (Model AT-8288XL/SC) ............................................................................ 73 7 List of Figures Figure 31: Port Trunking Window for an AT-8224XL Switch ...........................................................................................................75 Figure 32: Example of a Port Trunk on an AT-8224XL Switch .........................................................................................................76 Figure 33: Port Mirroring Window .............................................................................................................................................................78 Figure 34: Source and Destination Port Mirror Prompts ...................................................................................................................79 Figure 35: Example of Source and Destination Port Mirror Prompts ............................................................................................79 Figure 36: Port Security Menu .....................................................................................................................................................................81 Figure 37: Limited Port Security Prompts ...............................................................................................................................................82 Chapter 4 Configuring the MAC Address Table Figure 38: MAC Address Menu ...................................................................................................................................................................87 Figure 39: MAC Address Table Window ..................................................................................................................................................87 Figure 40: MAC Address Table Per Port Window .................................................................................................................................88 Figure 41: MAC Address Prompt ................................................................................................................................................................89 Figure 42: MAC Address by Port Window ...............................................................................................................................................89 Figure 43: Default Aging Time Prompt ....................................................................................................................................................90 Figure 44: Static MAC Address Table Window ......................................................................................................................................92 Figure 45: Static MAC Addresses Per Port Window .............................................................................................................................93 Figure 46: Adding a Static MAC Address Window ...............................................................................................................................94 Figure 47: Deleting a Static MAC Address Window ............................................................................................................................95 Figure 48: Multicast Address Menu ...........................................................................................................................................................97 Figure 49: Adding a Multicast Address Window ..................................................................................................................................98 Figure 50: Deleting a Multicast Address Window ................................................................................................................................99 Chapter 5 Configuring Virtual LANs and Quality of Service Figure 51: VLAN Example .............................................................................................................................................................................103 Figure 52: Example Configuration .............................................................................................................................................................107 Figure 53: Virtual LAN/QoS Menu ..............................................................................................................................................................110 Figure 54: VLANs Window ............................................................................................................................................................................111 Figure 55: VLAN Configuration Window .................................................................................................................................................112 Figure 56: VLAN Configuration Example for the Default VLAN ......................................................................................................114 Figure 57: Port to VLAN Configuration Window ..................................................................................................................................115 Figure 58: AT-8224XL in Multiple VLAN Mode ......................................................................................................................................125 Figure 59: Example Topology Using the Multiple VLAN Mode ......................................................................................................126 Figure 60: Prompts for Activating/Deactivating the Multiple VLAN Mode ................................................................................127 Figure 61: Assigning the CPU Management Port to a VLAN Window ..........................................................................................128 Figure 62: Port Priority Setting Window ..................................................................................................................................................130 Figure 63: Priority Weight Configuration Window ..............................................................................................................................132 Chapter 6 Displaying Ethernet Statistics Figure 64: Graph of Received Frames, Switch Level ...........................................................................................................................134 Figure 65: Graph of a Port's Received Frames .......................................................................................................................................136 Figure 66: Sample Graph of a Single Frame Type on All Ports ........................................................................................................136 Figure 67: Sample Graph of Transmitted Frames Window ..............................................................................................................137 Figure 68: RMON Statistics Graph Window ............................................................................................................................................139 Figure 69: Sample RMON Statistics Graph for a Port ..........................................................................................................................140 Chapter 7 Configuring the Omega Interface Figure 70: Omega Options Window .........................................................................................................................................................144 8 Preface This guide contains instructions on how to use the AT-S24 Version 2.01 management software and the Omega management interface to manage and configure your AT-8216FXL, AT-8224XL, and AT-8288XL Series Fast Ethernet Switches. Supported Platforms Version 2.01 of the AT-S24 management software is supported on the following Allied Telesyn Fast Ethernet switches: AT-8216FXL/MT AT-8216FXL/VF AT-8216FXL/SC AT-8224XL AT-8288XL/MT AT-8288XL/SC Version 2.01 of the AT-S24 management software supports the following expansion modules: AT-A14 100/1000Base-T Expansion Module AT-A15/SX 1000Base-SX Expansion Module AT-A15/LX 1000Base-SL Expansion Module AT-A16 100Base-FX Expansion Module AT-A17 100Base-FX Expansion Module 9 AT-A18 10/100Base-TX Expansion Module AT-A19 100Base-FX Expansion Module AT-A22/SX 1000Base-SX Expansion Module AT-A22/LX 1000Base-LX Expansion Module Note Refer to Appendix C for additional information on the switches and expansion modules supported by this version of the AT-S24 management software. 10 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Purpose of This Guide This guide is intended for network administrators who are responsible for managing the switches. Network administrators should be familiar with Ethernet switches, Ethernet and Fast Ethernet technology, bridging, and the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). 11 How This Guide is Organized This guide contains the following chapters and appendices: Chapter 1, Getting Started, explains how to start an Omega session. This chapter also describes the Omega Main Menu and how to navigate around the various menus. Chapter 2, Managing a Switch, describes how to configure the IP parameters for a switch, how to set the spanning tree protocol parameters, and more. Chapter 3, Configuring the Ports, explains how to set the port parameters, create port mirrors and port trunks, and configure port security. Chapter 4, Configuring the MAC Address Table, contains the procedures for displaying the MAC address table, viewing and changing the static MAC address table, and configuring multicast addresses. Chapter 5, Configuring Virtual LANs and Quality of Service, contains background information on the different types of VLANs that are supported by the switch. The chapter also contains the procedures for creating and modifying VLANs and how to configure the Priority Queueing feature. Chapter 6, Displaying Ethernet Statistics, explains how to view switchlevel and port-level performance statistics. Chapter 7, Configuring the Omega Interface, contains the procedures for assigning the Omega interface a password and for disabling the various access methods. Chapter 8, Upgrading Switch Software and Configuration Files, explains how to download new AT-S24 software onto the switches in your network. Appendix A, AT-S24 Default Settings, lists the factory default settings for the switch and the management software. Appendix B, Spanning Tree Concepts, briefly describes the spanning tree protocol as implemented by Allied Telesyn for the switch. Appendix C, Supported Platforms, lists the basic specifications of the Fast Ethernet switches and optional expansion modules supported by this version of the AT-S24 software. Index, at the end of this guide, is organized according to subject matter. 12 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Document Conventions This guide uses several conventions that you should become familiar with first before you begin to install the product. Note Notes provide additional information. Warning Warnings inform you that performing or omitting a specific action may result in bodily injury. Caution Cautions inform you that performing or omitting a specific action may result in equipment damage or loss of data. 13 Where to Find Web-based Guides The Allied Telesyn web site at www.alliedtelesyn.com offers you an easy way to access the most recent documentation and technical information for all of our products. There are several manuals that you will need in order to manage your Ethernet switch. The following manual contains the hardware installation instructions for the switch. You can obtain this manual from the Allied Telesyn web site: AT-8216FXL, AT-8224XL, and AT-8288XL Installation Guide , PN 613-10811-00 The following manual is shipped with the switch and contains an abbreviated version of the installation instructions: AT-8216FXL, AT-8224XL, and AT-8288XL Quick Install Guide, PN 613-10810-00 14 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Contacting Allied Telesyn You can contact Allied Telesyn technical support by telephone, fax or e-mail. You can also contact technical support online through our web site. Online Support Technical Support and Services You can request technical support online by filling out the Online Technical Support Form at www.alliedtelesyn.com/forms/support.htm. Americas United States, Canada, Mexico, Central America, South America Tel: 1 (800) 428-4835, option 4 Fax: 1 (503) 639-3176 Asia Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines, China, India, Hong Kong Tel: (+65) 381-5612 Fax: (+65) 383-3830 Australia Tel: 1 (800) 000-880 Fax: (+61) 2-9438-4966 France France, Belgium, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Middle East, Africa Tel: (+33) 0-1-60-92-15-25 Fax: (+33) 0-1-69-28-37-49 Germany Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Eastern Europe Tel: (+49) 0130/83-56-66 Fax: (+49) 30-435-900-115 Italy Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Turkey, Israel Tel: (+39) 02-41-30-41 Fax: (+39) 02-41-30-41-00 Japan Tel: (+81) 3-3443-5640 Fax: (+81) 3-3443-2443 United Kingdom United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland Tel: (+0044) 1235-442500 Fax: (+44) 1-235-442680 Technical Support E-mail Addresses United States and Canada TS1@alliedtelesyn.com Latin America, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Caribbean, and Virgin Islands latin_america@alliedtelesyn.com United Kingdom, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland support_europe@alliedtelesyn.com 15 Returning Products Products for return or repair must first be assigned a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number. A product sent to Allied Telesyn without a RMA number will be returned to the sender at the sender's expense. To obtain an RMA number, contact Allied Telesyn's Technical Support at one of the following locations: North America 2124 Zanker Road San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: 1-800-428-4835, option 4 Fax: 1-503-639-3716 European Customer Support Centre 10/11 Bridgemead Close Westmead Industrial Estate Swindon, Wiltshire SN5 7YT England Tel: +44-1793-501401 Fax: +44-1793-431099 Mexico and Puerto Rico Latin America, the Caribbean, Virgin Islands Tel: 1-800-424-5012, ext 3852 or Tel: international code + 425-481-3852 1-800-424-4284, ext 3852 Fax: international code + 425-483-9458 Mexico only: 95-800-424-5012, ext 3852 Fax: international code + 425-489-9191 16 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide FTP Server If you need a device driver for an Allied Telesyn device and you know the name of the driver, you can download the software by connecting directly to our FTP server at ftp://gateway.centre.com. At login, enter `anonymous'. Enter your e-mail address for the password as requested by the server at login. 17 For Sales or Corporate Information Allied Telesyn International, Corp. 19800 North Creek Parkway, Suite 200 Bothell, WA 98011 Tel: 1 (425) 487-8880 Fax: 1 (425) 489-9191 Allied Telesyn International, Corp. 960 Stewart Drive, Suite B Sunnyvale, CA 94085 Tel: 1 (800) 424-4284 (USA and Canada) Fax: 1 (408) 736-0100 18 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Tell Us What You Think If you have any comments or suggestions on how we might improve this or other Allied Telesyn documents, please fill out the Send Us Feedback Form at www.alliedtelesyn.com/forms/feedback.htm. 19 Chapter 1 Getting Started This chapter provides an overview of the Omega management interface and contains the different procedures for starting an Omega management session. The sections in this chapter include: Overview on page 22 Starting a Local Omega Session Using the RS232 Port on page 23 Starting an Omega Session from a Web Browser on page 28 Starting a Remote Omega Session with Telnet or an SNMP Management Program on page 32 Connecting to a Remote Switch on page 33 Menu Tree on page 34 21 Getting Started Overview The Omega interface simplifies the task of managing your Allied Telesyn AT-8216FXL, AT-8224XL, and AT-8288XL Series Fast Ethernet switches. This menu-oriented interface, which comes pre-installed on the switch along with the AT-S24 software, enables you to configure and manage all of the switch parameters, such as the IP address, the gateway address, and the subnet mask of the switch. You can also use the interface to create virtual LANs, view performance statistics, and create port trunks. There are three different ways that you can access the Omega management interface to configure and manage a switch. They are: Using the RS232 port on the front panel of the switch. This creates a Local Omega session. Using a web browser, such as Netscape Navigator. Using Telnet. You can also manage a switch using a SNMP program, such as HP Overview; however, this method does not use the Omega interface. The different sections in this chapter contain procedures on how to start an Omega management session for each method. The chapter also describes the Omega Main Menu and how to move through the different menu selections. 22 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Starting a Local Omega Session Using the RS232 Port This section contains the procedure for starting a local Omega session by connecting a terminal to the RS232 port on the switch. Note If you are managing the switch in a TCP/IP environment and you are configuring the IP parameters for the first time, you must access the Omega program locally using this procedure and assign the switch an IP address and, if necessary, a gateway address and a subnet mask. To start a local Omega session, perform the following procedure: 1. Connect a terminal or PC with a terminal emulator program to the RS232 port on the switch. 2. Configure the terminal or terminal emulator program as follows: Baud rate: 9600 Data bits: 8 Stop bits: 1 Parity: None Flow control: None Emulator: VT100 Note The default settings for the switch's RS232 port as listed above are for a DEC VT100 or ANSI terminal, or an equivalent terminal emulator program. Once you have started an Omega session, you can change these values, as explained in Chapter 2, Managing a Switch. 3. Press the key. 4. If prompted for a password, enter the password for the Omega interface. The default is no password. You can later configure a password. For instructions, refer to Chapter 7, Configuring the Omega Interface. The Omega Main Menu is displayed. Refer to the next section for a description of the menu. 23 Getting Started Omega Main Menu Figure 1 illustrates the Omega Main Menu. Allied Telesyn AT-8224XL Ethernet Switch 2.0.1 Main Menu Port status and configuration Ethernet statistics Administration System configuration Traffic/Port Mirroring Virtual LANs/QoS Bridging MAC Address Table Quit Figure 1 Omega Main Menu from a Local Session 24 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Selecting Menu Options and Changing Parameters If you are using the DEC VT100 or ANSI (the default) terminal configuration, refer to Table 1 for instructions on how to select menu options. Table 1 DEC VT100 or ANSI Terminal When directed to Select an option You must Highlight the option by pressing the Up ( ) and Down ( ) arrow keys; then press or Type the first character of the desired option at the prompt and press . If two or more options have matching initial characters, type the initial characters until the option you want is highlighted; then press . Enter information (for example, the IP address of a switch) Return to the previous screen Type the information and press . Select the "Return" option at the bottom of the menu or Press . 25 Getting Started Table 2 shows you how to move through and select menu selections if you are using a generic (dumb) terminal configuration: Table 2 Generic (Dumb) Terminal When directed To select an option You must Type the first character of the desired option and then press . If two or more options have matching initial characters, type enough characters for Omega to distinguish your choice from the other options; then press . To guide you, the characters you must type are in uppercase. For example: Mirroring configuration MAC Address Table If options on a list are preceded by numbers (1:, 2:, 3:, etc.) or letters (A:, B:, C:, etc.), type the number or letter corresponding to your choice at the prompt; then press . To enter information (for example, the IP address of a switch) To return to the previous screen Type the correct information at the prompt and press . Press after making an entry. Activated options in menus are preceded with a > symbol. In the following example, the first option is activated: > Enable this port Disable this port When you press to select a field in which you can enter a value, the -> symbol is displayed. For example: System name: -> The -> symbol indicates that you can enter a new value for the parameter or change the existing value. Once you have entered a value, press . To delete an existing value to a parameter without assigning a new value, type a space and press . Parameter changes are activated on the switch immediately. 26 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Note If you are configuring the switch for the first time and the switch is in a TCP/IP network, go to Chapter 2, Managing a Switch for instructions on how to assign the switch an IP address, subnet mask, and gateway address. Quitting from a Local Session To quit a local Omega session, select Quit from the Main Menu. If you do not quit Omega from a local session, remote Telnet sessions to the switch will be blocked. 27 Getting Started Starting an Omega Session from a Web Browser This section contains the procedure for starting an Omega session from a web browser. Note You cannot use a web browser to manage a Fast Ethernet switch if the switch is part of a non-TCP/IP network. Before you can manage the switch in a TCP/IP environment, it must have an IP address. In order to configure the IP parameters for the first time, you must access the Omega program locally using the switch RS232 port; refer to Starting a Local Omega Session Using the RS232 Port on page 23 for instructions. To start an Omega session from a web browser, perform the following procedure: 1. Start your web browser. Note If the PC with the web browser is connected directly to the switch or is on the same side of a firewall as the switch, you must configure your browser's network options not to use proxies. Consult your web browser's documentation on how to configure the browser not to use proxies. 2. Enter the IP address of the switch you want to manage in the URL field of the browser, as shown in Figure 2. Switch's IP Address Figure 2 Entering a Switch's IP Address in the URL Field 28 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide The window shown in Figure 3 is displayed. Netscape Navigator's Toolbar Links to Allied Telesyn Internet Web Pages Managed Switch Main Menu Window Figure 3 Initial Omega Window from a Web Browser This window contains the following sections: Managed Switch Main Menu Window Web Links 29 Getting Started Managed Switch At the top of the window is an image of the switch that you are currently managing. (The display will not include any optional expansion modules that might be installed in the switch.) You can click on certain areas of the switch to activate windows. Clicking on a port displays the configuration window for that port, which you use to set the port parameters. Clicking on the RS232 port displays the configuration window for the terminal port. Finally, clicking on the switch chassis displays a window that lists the status of all the ports on the switch. Omega Main Menu Window The Main Menu window contains the Omega menus. This window is displayed in a reduced format when you first start a web-based Omega session. To enlarge it, click on the window. Figure 4 is an example of the Omega Main Menu. Figure 4 Omega Main Menu from a Web Browser Selecting Menu Options and Changing Parameters Activated options in the menus are preceded with a ! symbol. In the following example, the first option is activated: Figure 5 Active Menu Option 30 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Options in which you can provide a value contain an entry field and the two buttons Enter and Reset, as shown in the following example: Figure 6 Entry Field After entering a new value, click Enter to send the new parameter setting to the switch. Changes to parameters are activated immediately on the switch. The Reset button queries the switch for the current parameter setting and displays the setting in the entry field. Web Links The left portion of the window contains links that take you automatically to relevant web pages at the Allied Telesyn web site. The Online Manual link takes you to Allied Telesyn's technical communications web page, where you can download product documentation in PDF format. The Technical Support link takes you to Allied Telesyn's Technical Support web page, where you can learn about the company's support services. The Send Email link allows you to submit feedback, questions, or any other information to Allied Telesyn. The What's New? link takes you to a web page that describes Allied Telesyn's latest product offerings. Browser Tools You can use the browser tools to move around the Omega menus. Selecting Back on your browser's toolbar returns you to the previous display. You can also use the browser's bookmark feature on frequently-used views to bypass the Omega menu structure. To exit from a web-based Omega session, simply quit the browser. It should be remembered that once you have started an Omega session through a browser, the session remains active even if you link to other sites. You can return to the Omega web pages anytime as long as you do not quit the browser. Quitting an Omega Session from a Web Browser 31 Getting Started Starting a Remote Omega Session with Telnet or an SNMP Management Program A switch can be managed with the Telnet program or with an SNMP management program, such as HP Openview. This type of switch management is referred to as remote management. If the switch is in a TCP/IP environment, remote management is possible only after the switch has been assigned an IP address. This is accomplished by managing the switch locally through the RS232 port. Starting a Telnet management session involves specifying the IP address of the switch with the Telnet utility. You then enter the Omega password, if one has been assigned, after which the Omega main menu is displayed. For instructions on using the Telnet program, refer to the documentation that came with the program. For non-IP environments, you can use MAC addresses to connect to remote Allied Telesyn switches as long as there are no routers between the management station and the switch. It is important to note that you can have only one Telnet session operating at any one time. The session can be either inbound or outbound. If you have an inbound session to Omega, you do not have the option of starting a new session (outbound connection). Therefore, if you are already using Telnet, the Omega menu selection Connect to a remote system will not be available (described in Connecting to a Remote Switch on page 33). In addition, a local RS232 connection blocks a Telnet session and vice versa. If you are currently in a Telnet session, you must disconnect Telnet after quitting Omega. Otherwise, future Telnet sessions to the switch will be blocked. You can configure a timeout value so that the switch automatically disconnects Telnet sessions after a period of inactivity. Refer to Chapter 7, Configuring the Omega Interface. Note For a description of the Omega main menu, refer to the section Omega Main Menu on page 24. 32 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Connecting to a Remote Switch If you are managing a switch locally (that is, through the RS232 port on the switch), you can connect to another switch through the Omega interface and so be able to manage the remote switch, without having to end your local session. To connect to a remote switch from a local session, perform the following procedure: 1. From the Omega Main Menu, select Administration. The Administrator menu is displayed. 2. Select Connect to remote system. 3. Specify the remote switch to be managed using one of the following methods: Switch IP address, in the format x.x.x.x Switch Ethernet (or MAC) address, in the format xxxxxx xxxxxx The switch MAC address is printed above the RS232 management port on the switch front panel. Once the information is validated and the connection to the remote switch is opened, you immediately get the remote switch Omega Main Menu. You can then use the Omega program to configure the remote switch and run diagnostics. The only option not available on the remote switch is Connect to a remote system from the Administration menu. 4. Select Quit from the Main Menu when you are finished managing the remote switch. After you have ended the session with the remote switch, your Omega session with the local switch is reactivated. Note It is important that you select Quit after the Omega session. Otherwise, you might block other sessions or software downloads via the network to the remote switch. 33 Getting Started Menu Tree Table 3 lists the Omega menu selections. Table 3 Omega Menu Selections Main Menu Selection Menu Selection Page Function Port Status and Configuration Port number Ethernet Statistics Transmit statistics 137 Displays statistics on the number of frames transmitted by a port or the switch. Displays the received and transmitted frame statistics for a specific port. Displays RMON statistics for the entire switch. Displays RMON statistics by port. Returns the statistic counters in a switch to 0 (zero). 66, 68 Displays and configures the parameter settings for the ports on the switch. Individual port overview RMON statistics Port RMON statistics Zero all statistic counters on the entire system Administration XModem software update to this system Connect to a remote system 134, 137 139 140 141 150 Downloads the AT-S24 software onto the switch using XModem. Only available via a local Omega session. Enables you to connect to and manage another switch while running a local management session on a switch. Only available via a local Omega session. Tests the connectivity to another network node. Displays the switch's activity monitor. Performs a series of diagnostic tests on the switch. 33 Ping a remote system Activity monitor Diagnostics 62 61 59 34 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Table 3 Omega Menu Selections (continued) Main Menu Selection Menu Selection Reset and restart the system System Configuration System name Default aging time Omega options 53 90 144, 146, 147 41 Assigns a name to a switch. Sets the aging time for the MAC address table. Configures the Omega security features, such as the Omega password and the timeout value. Configures the IP parameters for the switch, such as the IP address, subnet mask, and gateway address. Sets the port security level. Adjusts the settings for the RS232 management port. Activates the IGMP snooping feature on the switch and creates port trunks. Page 54 Function Resets the switch. IP parameters Security/source address 81 table Terminal configuration System switch configuration Traffic/Port Mirroring Enable Disable Virtual LANs/QoS Virtual LAN definitions 110, 117, 120, 122 114, 118, 121 129 78 80 56 51, 72 Enables port mirroring on the switch. Disables port mirroring on the switch. Displays a list of the VLANs existing on a switch. Also creates and deletes virtual LANs. Configures the PVID of an untagged port to match the VLAN ID (VID). Assigns a port priority to a port, which can override the tag priority in a frame. Port to VLAN configuration Assign port priority 35 Getting Started Table 3 Omega Menu Selections (continued) Main Menu Selection Menu Selection Priority weight configuration Assign management port to VLAN Page 131 Function Configures the ratio by which high and normal priority tagged frames are handled by the switch. Assigns the CPU Management Port to a VLAN. Toggles the switch between port-based and tagged VLANs and the multiple VLAN configuration. Specifies the MAC address of the Internet gateway. Only available when the switch is running in the Multiple VLAN mode. 128 Change the VLAN mode 124 (802.1Q VLAN or multiple VLANs) Gateway MAC address for Multiple VLAN Bridging Spanning tree parameters Port spanning tree configuration MAC Address Table Show all MAC addresses By port MAC addresses Get port from MAC address Clear dynamic MAC table All static MAC addresses Per port static MAC address Multicast addresses 87 88 89 90 92 93, 95 97, 99, 99 49 46 124 Configures the spanning tree parameters for a switch. Configures the spanning tree parameters for the individual ports on a switch. Displays all the MAC addresses learned by the ports on a switch. Displays the MAC addresses learned on a particular port on a switch. Displays the port number on which a specific MAC address was learned. Clears all learned MAC addresses from the switch. Displays all the entries in the static MAC address table of a switch. Adds and deletes addresses from the static MAC address table. Displays the multicast addresses of a switch. Also creates and deletes multicast addresses. 36 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Table 3 Omega Menu Selections (continued) Main Menu Selection Menu Selection Clear static MAC table Page 96 Function Clears all entries from the static MAC address table. The following figures show the menu selection arrangement. Port status and configuration Ethernet Statistics Administration System Configuration Port number Receive statistics graph (web-based Omega only) Receive statistics graph (all ports) Individual port overview . . . Zero all statistics counters on the entire system Transmitted frames statistics XModem software update to system Connect to a remote system Ping a remote system System name Default aging time Enable this port Disable (partition) this port Omega options Activity monitor IP parameters Security/source address table Auto negotiate Full duplex Half duplex Individual port overview Zero all statistics counters on the entire system Diagnostics Terminal configuration System switch configuration Backpressure No backpressure Reset and restart the system Flow control No flow control RMON Statistics Zero all statistics counters on entire system Discard broadcast packets Port RMON statistics Global configuration Zero all statistics counters on entire system Port name Figure 7 Omega Main Menu Tree 37 Getting Started Traffic/Port Mirroring Virtual LANs/QoS Bridging MAC Address Table Show all MAC addresses Enable/Disable port mirroring Virtual LAN definitions Spanning tree parameters Port to VLAN configuration Port spanning tree configuration Enable spanning tree by port By port MAC addresses Assign port priority Enable spanning tree for all ports Disable spanning tree for all ports Get port from MAC address Priority weight configuration Clear dynamic MAC table All static MAC address Per port static MAC addresses Assign management port to VLAN Change the VLAN mode Gateway MAC address for Multiple VLAN Multicast addresses Clear static MAC table Figure 7 Omega Main Menu Tree (continued) 38 Chapter 2 Managing a Switch This chapter contains the following procedures: Configuring the Switch IP Parameters on page 40 Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol on page 45 Enabling or Disabling IGMP Snooping on page 51 Naming a Switch on page 53 Resetting a Switch on page 54 Reassigning the Default Settings for the Switch on page 55 Configuring the RS232 Port on page 56 Running Diagnostics on page 59 Displaying the Activity Monitor on page 61 Pinging a Device on page 62 39 Managing a Switch Configuring the Switch IP Parameters In a TCP/IP network, the Ethernet switch requires a set of IP parameters, such as a unique IP address and subnet mask. The switch obtains its IP parameters in one of the following ways: You assign the IP parameters with Omega using the procedure described in this section. The switch obtains its IP parameters from a BootP or DHCP server. If you have BootP or DHCP, the switch can obtain its IP parameters from the BootP or DHCP server during startups. In this case, you simply connect the switch to the network. The function of the BootP or DHCP utility within an IP server is to provide IP parameters, including an IP address, to the switch. Whenever you reset or power on and off the switch, the switch transmits a request packet to the server every three seconds to obtain the required IP parameters. The switch makes three request attempts. If the requesting switch does not receive a BootP or DHCP response after the third request, it will operate with a computed pseudo IP address based on the switch MAC address. If the switch receives a response from the BootP or DHCP server, the switch extracts the IP address, Subnet Mask, or Gateway/Router address and uses these parameters to configure itself until the next power-on or reset. Additionally, if the BootP response packet specifies a filename and a server address, then the switch sends a request to the server using the specified filename. This initiates a download of the operating software and allows you to maintain the downloaded software on your server. This section contains the procedure for configuring the IP parameters on a switch. This procedure is appropriate if the switch is in a TCP/IP network. 40 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Setting IP Parameters To set the IP parameters for the switch, perform the following procedure: 1. From the Omega Main Menu, select System Configuration. The System Configuration menu shown in Figure 8 is displayed. Figure 8 System Configuration Menu 2. Select IP Parameters. 41 Managing a Switch The IP Parameters window shown in Figure 9 is displayed. Figure 9 IP Parameters Window 42 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide 3. Enter or change the parameters in the window as desired. Note If you are configuring the switch for the first time and the switch is connected to a TCP/IP network, you must provide values for the IP address and subnet mask. These are the minimum parameters that you must specify for a newly installed Ethernet switch in a TCP/IP network. Unless stated otherwise, a change to an IP parameter is activated immediately on the switch. The parameters in the IP Parameters window are described below: IP address This parameter specifies the IP address of the switch. Subnet mask This parameter specifies the subnet mask for the switch. Gateway address This is the default router IP address. This address is required only if you intend to manage the switch from a management station that is separated from the switch by a router. Domain name server (DNS) This is the DNS IP address. This address is required if you are using this service. Default domain name This is the domain name to which the switch belongs. This is recommended if you are using DNS services. Manager address You can enter up to four IP addresses of network management stations that will receive SNMP traps from the switch. The addresses are optional. DHCP Configuration This selection allows you to control whether the switch will automatically obtain its IP address from a DHCP server. When you select this option, the prompts in Figure 10 are displayed. Figure 10 DHCP Selections 43 Managing a Switch If you select Enable DHCP function, the switch will obtain its IP address from a DHCP server on the network. If you select Disable DHCP function, you must assign the IP address manually. The default for this setting is disabled. A change to the DHCP setting does not take affect on the switch until the unit is reset. Download password This password is used as the destination filename when you are using TFTP to update the AT-S24 firmware. For instructions on how to download the firmware onto a switch, refer to Chapter 8, Upgrading Switch Software and Configuration Files. Note This password is different from the Omega password. The Omega password prevents unauthorized individuals from using the Omega interface to change switch configuration settings. For instructions on setting the Omega password, refer to Chapter 7, Configuring the Omega Interface. Config download password This password is used when downloading configuration files from one switch to another switch. The default password is config (all lowercase). The Omega interface displays the password as a series of asterisks. For instructions on how to download a configuration file onto a switch, refer to Chapter 8, Upgrading Switch Software and Configuration Files. SNMP Community strings The following default community strings are provided: Get - public Set - private Trap - public Location You can enter a text string to indicate the physical location of the switch, (for example, First Floor, Lab.) Contact You can enter a text string to indicate the name, phone number, and other information to help identify the person responsible for managing the switch. 4. After you have adjusted the parameters, return to the Main Menu. 44 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) prevents data loops when end stations in extended networks send and receive packets through multiple or redundant paths. Each switch is a learning bridge with the following functions: Learns source MAC addresses of incoming packets by storing the information in a forwarding table (see also Chapter 4, Configuring the MAC Address Table). Forwards the packet to the port or ports specified in the MAC forwarding table. The switch does not resend the packet out the port on which it was initially received. Automatically ages out the addresses (deletes the information from the forwarding table) if a MAC address is undetected by any port within a user-defined or a default elapsed time (300 seconds). Updates the MAC address table automatically as you add, remove, or relocate devices on the network. Determines the best single route to a destination device when you enable STP via automatic selection of a root bridge and root ports. Updates other bridges with topology information by periodically sending Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs). The root port is chosen by a bridge as that bridge's preferred path to the root bridge. Only one bridge is elected as the root bridge. Once the STP parameters have been configured, bridges can make a determination on the best single path to a destination within a given VLAN. A formula determines the amount of time it takes for the topology to reconfigure, depending upon the spanning tree values you use. Refer to the IEEE specification for details. Most users generally keep the default STP parameters to allow bridges to reconfigure themselves automatically if the topology changes or if bridges become disabled. For a brief overview of STP, go to Appendix B, Spanning Tree Concepts. 45 Managing a Switch Caution STP on a switch is disabled by default. If you enable STP, the switch provides default STP parameters that are adequate for most networks. Changing them without prior experience and an understanding of how STP works might have a negative effect on your network. Activating or Deactivating STP and Configuring the Port Parameters The Omega program allows you to activate and deactivate STP on a per port basis. You can also adjust the STP parameters for each port. To configure the protocol parameters for the individual ports on a switch, perform the following procedure: 1. From the Omega Main Menu, select Bridging. The Bridging menu in Figure 11 is displayed. Figure 11 Bridging Menu 2. Select Port spanning tree configuration. 46 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide The Port Parameters for the Spanning Tree Protocol window shown in Figure 12 is displayed. The window lists the ports on the switch and the current STP parameter settings for the ports. Figure 12 Port Parameters for the Spanning Tree Protocol 3. To enable or disable STP for all the ports on the switch, select either Enable Spanning Tree for all Ports or Disable Spanning Tree for all Ports at the bottom of the window. If you enable STP on the ports, the Omega interface sets each port to the default values of 128 for the port priority and 10 for the port cost for 100 Mbps ports and 100 for 10 Mbps ports. 4. To enable or disable STP for a particular port or to adjust the STP parameters for a port, select the port from the window. 47 Managing a Switch The STP Port Parameters window in Figure 13 is displayed. Figure 13 Port STP Parameters Window If STP is already activated on the port, the port's STP parameters are also displayed, as shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 Setting Port STP Parameters Window 5. To enable STP on the port, select Enable Spanning Tree. To disable STP on the port, select Disable Spanning Tree. If you enable the port, the STP parameters for the port are displayed. 6. Change the priority and port cost parameters for the ports as desired. The options are described below. Priority The parameter is used as a tie breaker when two or more ports are determined to have equal cost to the root bridge. The range is 0-255 and the default value is 128. Cost The spanning tree algorithm uses the cost parameter to decide which port provides the lowest cost path to the root bridge for that LAN. Higher port costs are associated with ports of lower bandwidth, and vice versa. The range is 1 to 65535. The default values are 1 for a 1 Gbps port, 10 for a 100 Mbps port, and 100 for a 10 Mbps port. 7. After you have adjusted the settings, return to the Main Menu. 48 AT-S24 Version 2.01 User's Guide Configuring STP Parameters To configure the STP parameters for the switch, perform the following procedure: 1. From the Omega Main Menu, select Bridging. The Bridging menu shown in Figure 11 on page 46 is displayed. 2. Select Spanning tree parameters. The Spanning Tree Parameters window in Figure 15 is displayed. Figure 15 Spanning Tree Parameters Window 3. Adjust the settings as desired. The options are described below. Bridge Priority This parameter can be from 0 (zero) to 65535, with 0 being the highest priority. The number consists of a 2-byte bridge priority number and a 6-byte MAC address. Bridges use this number to determine the root bridge for a loop-free implementation. If bridges happen to have equal priority values, the bridge with the numerically lowest MAC address becomes the root bridge. When the root bridge malfunctions, the bridge with the next priority number (or the next lowest MAC address) automatically takes over as root bridge. 49 Managing a Switch Max Age Time The aging time can be from 6 to 40 seconds. The default is 20 seconds. All bridges in a bridged LAN use this aging time to test the age of stored configuration messages called bridge protocol data units (BPDUs). For example, if you use the default 20, all bridges delete current configuration messages after 20 seconds. Note The aging time for BPDUs is different from the aging time used by the MAC address table. Hello Time Hello time can be from 1 to 10 seconds, with 2 seconds as the default. Bridges use this parameter to determine the time interval between generating and sending configuration messages. Forwarding Delay The default is 15 seconds. The time indicates the waiting period before a bridge changes to a new state, for example, becomes the new root bridge after the topology changes. If the bridge transitions too soon, not all links may have yet adapted to the change; therefore, loops may result. Caution You should consult the IEEE 802.1d standard before changing the Max Age Time, the Hello Time, and the Forwarding Delay parameters. 4. After you have adjusted the settings, return to the Main Menu. 50