Logic Express 7 Plug-In Reference Apple Computer, Inc. © 2004 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software licence agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Use of the "keyboard" Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple Computer, Inc. is not responsible for printing or clerical errors. 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Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products. 1 Contents Preface 7 8 11 11 14 16 17 17 19 19 20 23 23 24 24 25 27 27 30 30 32 33 34 37 37 39 39 40 41 Introducing Logic's Plug-ins About This Manual Basics Using Plug-ins The Plug-in Window Plug-in Settings Plug-in Automation Plug-ins From Other Manufacturers Instruments and Effects Effect Plug-ins Instrument Plug-ins Equalizer Channel EQ Silver EQ DJ EQ Individual EQs Dynamic Compressor Silver Compressor Noise Gate Silver Gate Limiter Preset Multipressor Distortion Guitar Amp Distortion Overdrive Bitcrusher Clip Distortion Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 3 42 Chapter 6 43 43 46 48 48 49 49 50 52 53 53 54 55 55 57 57 59 59 60 61 64 67 67 68 71 71 72 74 75 75 76 76 81 81 82 82 Phase Distortion Filter AutoFilter Fuzz-Wah High Cut/Low Cut High Pass/Low Pass Filter Delay Sample Delay Tape Delay Stereo Delay Modulation Modulation Delay Chorus Flanger Phaser Tremolo Spreader Reverb AVerb SilverVerb GoldVerb PlatinumVerb Special Pitch Shifter II Denoiser Helper Tuner Gain Levelmeter Synthesizer Basics Analog and Subtractive What Is Synthesis? Subtractive Synthesis EFM 1 Concept and Function Global Parameters FM Parameters Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 4 Contents 84 85 Chapter 14 87 87 89 89 93 93 95 95 103 105 106 107 111 134 135 136 139 139 141 161 Modulator and Carrier The Output Section ES M Parameters of the ES M ES P Parameters of the ES P ES E Parameters of the ES E ES1 Parameters of the ES1 KlopfGeist EXSP24 Using Instruments File Organization Sample File Import EXSP24 Key Commands A Brief History of Sampling MIDI Controller List GarageBand Instruments About GarageBand Instruments Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Glossary Index Contents 5 The professional Logic music and audio production software features a comprehensive collection of powerful plug-ins. These include; innovative synthesizers, high quality effect plug-ins and authentic recreations of vintage instruments. Logic also supports the use of Audio Unit plug-ins in Mac OS X. Given a fast enough computer, you could conceivably arrange and mix an entire song using several software instruments, such as Logic's ES1, or EXSP24, amongst others. These instruments have the added benefits of superior sound quality and timing as the audio signal never leaves the digital domain, and you can freely edit these software instrument parts, change the tempo and more, right up to the final mix. Don't worry if you're unfamiliar with the terminology used here--this manual will explain everything. It covers all of the general things you need to know about plug-ins and will introduce you to the individual effects and instruments and their parameters. We've included a few tutorial chapters, which will explain how to program sounds using several of Logic's instrument plug-ins. Using plug-ins is much easier if you are familiar with some of Logic's basic functions. You should be acquainted with Logic's Audio Mixer before going further. Information about it can be found in the Audio Mixer section of the Logic reference. The Bounce buttons found on the Master Audio Objects allow you to write submixes of plug-in tracks--as an audio file--to disk at any time. For details please refer to the Logic reference. Whatever you play on your instruments can be recorded by simply pressing Logic's Record button. Your performances can be freely edited in any of Logic's MIDI editors. Further details about this can be found in the Logic reference Preface 7 Introducing Logic's Plug-ins Logic's plug-ins include the following features: · Real-time processing of audio. · Support for sample rates up to 96 kHz. · Altivec optimizations for the Power Macintosh G4 and G5 processors which increase the number of software effects and instruments that can be run simultaneously. · A sophisticated, intuitive, real-time graphical editing interface for most Logic plug- ins. · A consistent window interface for Logic and Audio Unit plug-ins. · The ability to save and load individual plug-in effect and instrument settings or entire channel strip configurations, including those from Apple's GarageBand application. · Almost all plug-in parameters can be automated via Logic's total recall mix automation system. About This Manual This guide covers all areas of plug-in usage in Logic. All plug-in parameters are discussed in detail. The Basics section discusses the most essential aspects of plug-in usage, the Plug-in window interface and global plug-in commands and menus. The Instruments and Effects chapter covers the differences between effect and instrument plug-ins. Ensuing chapters discuss the parameters of individual plug-in effects and instruments. The instrument chapters include a number of tutorials that will help you to make the most of your new instrument. The Onscreen Help system--accessible from Logic's Help menu--is fundamentally the Reference Manuals in electronic form. It has the advantage of being at your fingertips when you need it, and is also searchable. Even if you're the type who just doesn't like reading manuals, we ask that you read the next section. It will provide you with essential information on the basic use of Logic's plug-ins. Please note that all topics described herein were accurate at the date of printing. For up to date information on changes or additions made after printing, please refer to the Late Breaking News on the Logic DVD, and/or to the Update Info, included with each Logic update. 8 Preface Introducing Logic's Plug-ins Conventions of This Guide... Before moving on to the Basics section, we'd like to cover the following conventions used in this manual. Menu Functions For functions that can be reached via hierarchical menus, the different menu levels are described as follows: Menu > Menu entry > Function. Important Entries Some text will be shown as follows: Important: Information on function or parameter. These entries discuss a key concept or technical information that should, or must, be followed or taken into account. Please pay special attention to these entries. Notes Some sections provide additional information or tips that will assist your use of the effect or instrument plug-in. These are displayed as shown below: Note: Information on function or parameter. Key Commands Several plug-in functions can be activated or accessed with key commands--computer keyboard shortcuts. The key commands mentioned in this guide are based on the standard Key Command Set, assigned by the Logic Setup Assistant. Where possible, we have also included the standard Key Commands for PowerBook users. These are based on the PowerBook Key Command Set, assigned in the Logic Setup Assistant. Preface Introducing Logic's Plug-ins 9 1 Basics 1 This chapter covers all important steps required for plugin use in Logic. The steps include: · Inserting, deleting, and bypassing plug-ins. · Operating plug-ins in the Plug-in window. · Managing plug-in settings. · Automating plug-ins. Using Plug-ins Inserting and Deleting Plug-ins Plug-ins can be either; software instruments, which respond to MIDI note messages, or audio effects, which do not respond to MIDI note messages. · All plug-ins can be added via the plug-in menu of an Audio Object. · Effect plug-ins can be inserted into the Insert slots of all Audio Objects. · Software-based instruments can only be inserted into special Audio Objects, called Audio Instruments. These Audio Instrument Objects have a special Instrument slot, directly above their Output slots. 11 To add a plug-in: 1 Click-hold on an Audio Object's Insert/Instrument slot. 2 The plug-in-menu appears, showing all available plug-ins. Move the mouse through the different levels of the hierarchical menu and choose a plug-in name, then release the mouse button. The Plug-in window is launched automatically. If you do not want the Plug-in window to open automatically after insertion, uncheck the Preferences > Audio > Display > Open Plug-in window on insertion preference. You can open a closed Plug-in window by double-clicking on an assigned Insert/ Instrument slot. 12 Chapter 1 Basics You can set all plug-in parameters in the Plug-in window. For further information please read "The Plug-in Window" on page 14. Closing the Plug-in window leaves the plug-in active. To remove a plug-in: 1 Click-hold the corresponding Insert/Instrument slot. 2 The plug-in menu is opened. Select the No Plug-In menu option. Inserting Mono/Stereo Plug-ins You can insert mono and stereo effects into Logic's mono objects. If you use a stereo effect in a mono object, the plug-in menu is limited to stereo effects from this insert point onwards. Note: In general, stereo effects require twice as much processing power as their mono counterparts. In stereo objects, the plug-in menu only shows effects with stereo inputs and stereo outputs. If you hold the Option key while opening the plug-in menu on stereo objects, you can also select mono effects. Logic automatically inserts conversion modules (in the background) to handle stereo mono and mono stereo transitions. This enables you to use plug-ins in any order. Please keep the following in mind when doing so: · These conversion modules require extra processing power. · During a stereo mono conversion, all spatial information is lost. · During a mono stereo conversion, no spatial information is added--the same mono signal is sent to both outputs. Bypassing Plug-ins If you want to deactivate a plug-in, but don't want to delete it, you can bypass it. Bypassed plug-ins do not drain system resources. To bypass a plug-in: Option-click the appropriate plug-in insert/instrument slot on the desired Audio Object. The insert slot of the bypassed plug-in turns from blue to gray, indicating that the plugin is currently bypassed. You can also use bypass a plug-in from within the Plug-in window. Further information on this can be found in the following section. m Chapter 1 Basics 13 The Plug-in Window Hands-on operation of plug-ins is performed in the Plug-in window. This window allows access to all plug-in parameters. The Plug-in window can be opened by doubleclicking on the blue plug-in label on an Audio Object. Each instance of a plug-in has its own Plug-in window, allowing each to have discrete settings. Operation of Built-In Plug-ins m Adjusting Parameters To toggle a Plug-in window's buttons: Click on the button. It toggles to the next/previous option, or will be enabled/disabled. To adjust a slider: Click-hold anywhere on the slider and drag up/down or left/right. To adjust rotary knobs: Click-hold on the center of the rotary knob and drag the mouse up and down. You can also move the mouse in a circular motion. Fine-tuning of values is easier when using a larger radius for this circular motion. To adjust numerical panels: Click-hold on the panel's numerical value and drag up/down. If there are up/down arrows alongside such panels, you can use them to increment/decrement the value by one step. Note: You can reset any parameter to its default value by Option-clicking on it. Note: If you hold Shift before clicking and moving a control, its value can be finetuned. m m m Common Plug-in Window Parameters The gray are ...