User manual HP 49g graphing calculator - annexe 2

Contents Preface ix Contents The purpose of this manual .................................................................... ix Advanced functions .................................................................................. x HP 49G on the World Wide Web ............................................................. x Regulatory information ............................................................................ x USA ....................................................................................................... x Canada ................................................................................................. xi Japan .................................................................................................... xi End-user terms and conditions .............................................................. xi Warranty .................................................................................................. xii Chapter 1: Keys 1-1 Key map .................................................................................................. 1-2 The HP 49G's keyboards ....................................................................... 1-3 What each key does ............................................................................... 1-5 Key conventions ................................................................................... 1-10 Chapter 2: Basic operation 2-1 Turning on and turning off ................................................................... 2-2 Turning on ......................................................................................... 2-2 Changing the screen contrast ......................................................... 2-3 Turning off ........................................................................................ 2-3 Default screen ........................................................................................ 2-3 Status area ........................................................................................ 2-4 History ............................................................................................... 2-5 Menu .................................................................................................. 2-6 Using the command line ....................................................................... 2-7 Multi-line entries .............................................................................. 2-8 Entering numbers ............................................................................ 2-8 Entering characters ....................................................................... 2-10 Entering special characters .......................................................... 2-11 Entering from history ................................................................... 2-12 Editing the command line ............................................................. 2-13 Input forms ........................................................................................... 2-14 Input form fields ............................................................................. 2-14 Closing an input form .................................................................... 2-17 Contents i Contents Modes .....................................................................................................2-18 Changing a mode ............................................................................2-18 Algebraic and RPN modes .............................................................2-21 Exact and approximate modes .....................................................2-22 Command line calculations .................................................................2-24 Time Management ................................................................................2-26 Setting the date and time ...............................................................2-26 Changing the format of the date or time .....................................2-27 Alarms ..............................................................................................2-27 Chapter 3: Creating and editing expressions 3-1 Creating a new expression ....................................................................3-2 Editing an expression ............................................................................3-3 Using Equation Writer ...........................................................................3-4 Implied multiplication ......................................................................3-4 Entering e and i .................................................................................3-4 Operating modes ....................................................................................3-5 Working with modes ........................................................................3-5 How Equation Writer sees expressions .........................................3-7 Examples .................................................................................................3-8 Example 1 ..........................................................................................3-8 Example 2 ..........................................................................................3-8 Example 3 ..........................................................................................3-9 Equation Writer keys .............................................................................3-9 Chapter 4: Plotting graphs 4-1 Basic plotting ..........................................................................................4-3 Plot types .................................................................................................4-6 Function plots ...................................................................................4-6 Parametric plots ...............................................................................4-8 Polar plots .......................................................................................4-10 Conic plots .......................................................................................4-13 Differential equation plots .............................................................4-15 Truth plots .......................................................................................4-17 Slopefield plots ...............................................................................4-19 Wireframe plots ..............................................................................4-20 Pseudo-Contour plots ....................................................................4-21 Y-Slice plots .....................................................................................4-23 Gridmap plots .................................................................................4-24 Parametric surface plots ................................................................4-25 Fast 3-D plots ..................................................................................4-27 Statistical plots ...............................................................................4-28 ii Contents Cursor movement ................................................................................ 4-34 Standard cursor movement .......................................................... 4-34 Tracing a plot .................................................................................. 4-35 Cursor coordinates ........................................................................ 4-35 Zooming ................................................................................................ 4-36 To zoom in ...................................................................................... 4-36 To zoom out .................................................................................... 4-36 Zoom options .................................................................................. 4-36 Analyzing functions ............................................................................. 4-37 Finding roots .................................................................................. 4-38 Finding extrema ............................................................................. 4-38 Finding slopes ................................................................................ 4-38 Finding areas .................................................................................. 4-39 Finding intersections ..................................................................... 4-39 Tables .................................................................................................... 4-40 Customizing table values .............................................................. 4-40 Special plotting and table variables .................................................. 4-41 EQ .................................................................................................... 4-41 DAT ................................................................................................ 4-41 PPAR ................................................................................................ 4-41 VPAR ................................................................................................ 4-42 PAR ................................................................................................ 4-42 ZPAR ................................................................................................ 4-42 TPAR ................................................................................................ 4-42 Contents Chapter 5: Working with expressions 5-1 Configuring the CAS .............................................................................. 5-2 Numeric option ................................................................................ 5-3 Approx option .................................................................................. 5-3 Other options .................................................................................... 5-4 Using the computer algebra system .................................................... 5-5 Working from the command line ................................................... 5-7 Working in Equation Writer ............................................................ 5-9 Performing substitutions .................................................................... 5-10 Expanding and factorizing .................................................................. 5-11 Expanding expressions ................................................................. 5-11 Factorizing expressions ................................................................ 5-13 Exponential and trigonometric expressions .............................. 5-14 Calculus commands ............................................................................ 5-17 Example .......................................................................................... 5-18 Contents iii Differentiating an expression step-by-step .......................................5-19 Setting step-by-step mode .............................................................5-19 Performing step-by-step operations .............................................5-19 Step-by-step example .....................................................................5-20 Chapter 6: Solving equations Contents 6-1 About solving equations ........................................................................6-2 Solving an equation ................................................................................6-3 Example .............................................................................................6-3 Interpreting results ...........................................................................6-4 Solving polynomial equations ...............................................................6-5 Example .............................................................................................6-5 Finding a polynomial from a set of roots ......................................6-7 Solving linear systems ...........................................................................6-7 Representing a system as matrices ................................................6-8 Example .............................................................................................6-9 Solving differential equations .............................................................6-10 Using the financial solver ....................................................................6-11 Time-value-of-money calculation parameters ............................6-11 Time-value-of-money calculations ...............................................6-12 Amortizing the calculation ............................................................6-13 Chapter 7: Storing objects 7-1 Variables ..................................................................................................7-2 Creating a variable ............................................................................7-2 Using a variable in a calculation .....................................................7-4 User-defined functions .....................................................................7-4 Directories ...............................................................................................7-5 Creating a directory ..........................................................................7-6 Selecting a directory or variable .....................................................7-7 Managing variables and directories .....................................................7-8 Deleting a variable or directory ......................................................7-8 Copying or moving a variable or directory ...................................7-9 Renaming a variable or directory ...................................................7-9 Editing a variable ............................................................................7-10 Memory Management ..........................................................................7-10 Using port memory .........................................................................7-11 iv Contents Chapter 8: Vectors, lists, arrays, and matrices 8-1 Vectors .................................................................................................... 8-2 Creating vectors ............................................................................... 8-2 Vector mathematics ......................................................................... 8-3 Lists ......................................................................................................... 8-6 Creating a list .................................................................................... 8-6 Working with lists ............................................................................ 8-6 Arrays and matrices .............................................................................. 8-7 Creating arrays ................................................................................. 8-7 Quickly moving through an array .................................................. 8-9 Editing an array ................................................................................ 8-9 Matrix arithmetic ........................................................................... 8-10 Contents Chapter 9: Using statistics 9-1 Descriptive statistics ............................................................................. 9-2 Starting an application and specifying the data ........................... 9-2 Single-variable statistics .................................................................. 9-3 Generating frequencies ................................................................... 9-4 Fitting a model to a set of data ....................................................... 9-5 Calculating summary statistics ...................................................... 9-6 Plotting statistics .............................................................................. 9-7 Inferential statistics ............................................................................... 9-7 Example data .................................................................................... 9-7 Using inferential statistics .............................................................. 9-8 Hypothesis tests ............................................................................... 9-9 Confidence intervals ...................................................................... 9-14 Chapter 10: Introduction to programming 10-1 Getting started ..................................................................................... 10-2 Creating, saving, and running a program .......................................... 10-3 The programming menu ................................................................ 10-4 Algebraic and RPN modes .................................................................. 10-5 Using functions that require arguments ...................................... 10-5 Handling data ....................................................................................... 10-6 Input data ........................................................................................ 10-6 Output data ..................................................................................... 10-6 How a program flows .......................................................................... 10-6 Nested procedures ......................................................................... 10-7 Working with variables ....................................................................... 10-8 Using local variables ...................................................................... 10-8 Setting variables ............................................................................. 10-8 Contents v Contents Setting a local variable to the result of a calculation ...............10-10 Using global variables ..................................................................10-11 Example .........................................................................................10-11 Looping and branching ......................................................................10-13 Comparison functions ..................................................................10-13 Conditional and looping structures ............................................10-13 Example .........................................................................................10-14 Trapping errors ...................................................................................10-15 Example .........................................................................................10-16 Appendix A: Connecting to another calculator A-1 Transferring objects between calculators ......................................... A-1 Transferring data between two HP 49Gs ........................................... A-2 Transferring objects to or from an HP 48 .......................................... A-2 Appendix B: Error messages Appendix C: Units Appendix D: Troublehooting B-1 C-1 D-1 Calculator will not turn on ................................................................... D-2 Resetting the calculator .................................................................. D-2 Batteries ............................................................................................ D-2 Calculator is not responding ................................................................ D-4 Halting the system ........................................................................... D-4 Resetting the memory ..................................................................... D-5 Calculator continually re-boots ........................................................... D-5 Error on start up .................................................................................... D-6 Low memory .......................................................................................... D-6 No room for last stack .................................................................... D-6 Insufficient memory ........................................................................ D-7 Out of memory ................................................................................. D-7 vi Contents Appendix E: Working in RPN mode E-1 Using the stack .......................................................................................E-2 Placing objects on the stack ...........................................................E-2 Performing RPN calculations .........................................................E-3 Example stack calculations ..................................................................E-4 Using a one-argument command ...................................................E-4 Using a multi-argument command .................................................E-4 Multi-command calculations ..........................................................E-5 Using computer algebra commands ..............................................E-6 Manipulating stack data ........................................................................E-7 Interactive stack commands ...........................................................E-7 Contents Index I-1 Contents vii Preface Contents 7KH SXUSRVH RI WKLV PDQXDO L[ $GYDQFHG IXQFWLRQV [ +3 * RQ WKH :RUOG :LGH :HE [ 5HJXODWRU\ LQIRUPDWLRQ [ 86$[ &DQDGD [L -DSDQ [L (QGXVHU WHUPV DQG FRQGLWLRQV [L :DUUDQW\ [LL The purpose of this manual 7KLV PDQXDO SURYLGHV D ZLGHUDQJLQJ LQWURGXFWLRQ WR WKH IHDWXUHV DQG IXQFWLRQV RI WKH +3 * JUDSKLQJ FDOFXODWRU ,W LV ERWK D JXLGH WR JHWWLQJ VWDUWHG DQG D UHIHUHQFH PDQXDO 7RSLFV FRYHU WKH IHDWXUHV RI WKH +3 * KRZ WR XVH WKH +3 * WR SHUIRUP D ZLGH UDQJH RI PDWKHPDWLFDO DQG VWDWLVWLFDO FDOFXODWLRQV ZLWK DQ HPSKDVLV RQ WKH IXQGDPHQWDO PDWKHPDWLFV WDXJKW DW KLJK VFKRROV FROOHJHV DQG XQLYHUVLWLHV KRZ WR SORW JUDSKV KRZ WR XVH WKH VSHFLDO SURJUDPPLQJ ODQJXDJH RI WKH +3 * WR ZULWH DQG VWRUH SURJUDPV FDUH DQG PDLQWHQDQFH Preface Preface ix Advanced functions 7KLV PDQXDO ZLOO PHHW WKH QHHGV RI WKH PDMRULW\ RI XVHUV +RZHYHU WKH +3 * KDV QXPHURXV DGYDQFHG IXQFWLRQV GHVLJQHG HVSHFLDOO\ IRU SURIHVVLRQDO PDWKHPDWLFLDQV HQJLQHHUV DQG VWDWLVWLFLDQV ,Q OLQH ZLWK +HZOHWW3DFNDUGªV HQYLURQPHQW SROLF\¦ZKLFK LQ SDUW DLPV WR PLQLPL]H WKH XVH RI SDSHU SURGXFWV¦LQVWUXFWLRQV RQ KRZ WR XVH WKH DGYDQFHG IXQFWLRQV RI WKH +3 * DUH QRW LQFOXGHG LQ WKLV PDQXDO EXW DUH SXEOLVKHG LQVWHDG RQ WKH :RUOG :LGH :HE HP 49G on the World Wide Web NH\ 7KH > NH\ LV SUHVVHG ILUVW IROORZHG E\ DQRWKHU NH\ 7KH IXQFWLRQ SHUIRUPHG E\ D SDUWLFXODU ULJKWVKLIW NH\ FRPELQDWLRQ LV LQGLFDWHG E\ WKH UHG ODEHO DERYH D NH\ )RU H[DPSOH WKH ODEHO §3$67(¨ DSSHDUV LQ UHG DERYH WKH l NH\ 7KLV LQGLFDWHV WKDW \RX FDQ LQYRNH WKH 3DVWH IXQFWLRQ E\ SUHVVLQJ > DQG WKH l NH\ ,Q WKLV JXLGH DQ LQVWUXFWLRQ WR XVH WKH ULJKWVKLIW NH\ERDUG LV LQGLFDWHG E\ WKH ULJKWVKLIW V\PERO¦>¦IROORZHG E\ WKH ODEHO WKDW LQGLFDWHV WKH IXQFWLRQ WR EH VHOHFWHG VXFK DV ñ 1RWH WKDW WKH ODEHO LV QRW D NH\ 7R FRQWLQXH WKH H[DPSOH WKHUH LV QR ñ NH\ 7R LQYRNH WKH 3DVWH IXQFWLRQ \RX SUHVV > DQG WKH NH\ EHQHDWK WKH 3$67( ODEHO l Keys Page 1-3 Keys $OSKD NH\ERDUG FRPSULVHV WKH NH\V ZLWK WKH FKDUDFWHUV $ WR = PDUNHG RQ WKHLU IDFH 7KHVH FKDUDFWHUV DUH FRORUHG ZKLWH RQ D JUHHQ EDFNJURXQG NH\ 7KH ` NH\ LV SUHVVHG ILUVW¦WR DFWLYDWH WKH DOSKD NH\ERDUG¦ IROORZHG E\ WKH > NH\ ZKLFK DFWLYDWHV WKH DOSKD ULJKWVKLIW NH\ERDUG )LQDOO\ VRPH RWKHU NH\ LV SUHVVHG WR HQWHU D FKDUDFWHU 7KH FKDUDFWHUV \RX FDQ HQWHU XVLQJ WKH DOSKD ULJKWVKLIW NH\ERDUG DUH FKDUDFWHUV RI WKH *UHHN DOSKDEHW DUURZV DQG YDULRXV V\PEROV 7KHVH DUH VKRZQ LQ UHG DERYH WKH NH\V LQ WKH LOOXVWUDWLRQ RQ WKH IURQW FRYHU RI WKH SRFNHW JXLGH )RU H[DPSOH WR HQWHU SUHVV ` > s Keys Page 1-4 Keys ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR WKH VHYHQ NH\ERDUGV GLVFXVVHG DERYH \RX FDQ DOVR FUHDWH D FXVWRPL]HG NH\ERDUG $ FXVWRPL]HG NH\ERDUG¦DOVR NQRZQ DV WKH XVHU NH\ERDUG¦LV RQH ZKHUH DOWHUQDWLYH IXQFWLRQDOLW\ LV DVVLJQHG WR RQH RU PRUH NH\V 7KLV LV GLVFXVVHG LQ GHWDLO LQ $GYDQFHG 8VHUªV *XLGH IRXQG DW KWWSZZZKSFRPFDOFXODWRUVKS What each key does 7KLV VHFWLRQ GHVFULEHV WKH IXQFWLRQ RI HDFK NH\ DQG PDLQ NH\ FRPELQD WLRQV 1RWH WKDW WKH NH\V DQG NH\ FRPELQDWLRQV DUH OLVWHG LQ WKH RUGHU WKDW WKH\ DSSHDU RQ WKH NH\ERDUG VHH NH\ERDUG PDS RQ SDJH  7KH V\QWD[ UHTXLUHG IRU YDULRXV IXQFWLRQV LV DOVR JLYHQ 7KLV V\QWD[ DVVXPHV WKDW \RX DUH ZRUNLQJ LQ DOJHEUDLF PRGH QRW 531 PRGH 7KHVH PRGHV DUH H[SODLQHG LQ FKDSWHU §%DVLF RSHUDWLRQ¨ Row 1 A B C D E F /LVW HTXDWLRQV WR SORW RU RSHQ 0DWUL[ :ULWHU LI \RX KDYH FKRVHQ WR SORW VWDWLVWLFDO GDWD 6SHFLI\ SORW ZLQGRZ SDUDPHWHUV 'UDZ VSHFLILHG SORWV 6SHFLI\ SORWWLQJ SDUDPHWHUV &XVWRPL]H D WDEOH RI SORWWHG SRLQWV 'UDZ D WDEOH RI SORWWHG SRLQWV a ¥ f .H\V RI WKH IXQFWLRQ NH\ERDUG VHH SUHYLRXV VHFWLRQ 7KH IXQFWLRQ RI WKHVH NH\V YDULHV DFFRUGLQJ WR FRQWH[W Row 2 G å H M R g h i 2SHQ )LOH 0DQDJHU 0DUN WKH VWDUW RI VRPHWKLQJ \RX ZDQW WR FRS\ RU FXW 'LVSOD\ \RXU FXVWRP PHQX 0DUN WKH HQG RI VRPHWKLQJ \RX ZDQW WR FRS\ RU FXW (QWHU WKH V\PEROLF FRQVWDQW L WKH VTXDUH URRW RI ¥ (QWHU D ZKHUH IXQFWLRQ 9LHZ D OLVW RI DOO WKH FDOFXODWRUªV DSSOLFDWLRQV 9LHZ DQG FKDQJH WKH FDOFXODWRUªV PRGHV DQG IODJV 'LVSOD\ D PHQX RI FRPPDQGV UHOHYDQW WR WKH FXUUHQW DSSOLFDWLRQ 7KH DUURZ NH\V DUH GLVFXVVHG DW WKH HQG RI WKLV FKDSWHU Keys Page 1-5 Keys Row 3 J K L ñ j k l 6HOHFW WKH QH[W GLUHFWRU\ XS WKH GLUHFWRU\ WUHH &RS\ D VHOHFWLRQ 5HFDOO WKH YDOXH RI D VSHFLILHG YDULDEOH &XW D VHOHFWLRQ 'LVSOD\ WKH SUHYLRXV SDJH RI D PXOWLSDJH IXQFWLRQNH\ PHQX 3DVWH D VHOHFWLRQ WKDW \RX KDYH FRSLHG RU FXW 'LVSOD\ WKH YDULDEOHV FRQWDLQHG LQ WKH FXUUHQW GLUHFWRU\ 6WRUH WKH FXUUHQW REMHFW LQ D YDULDEOH 'LVSOD\ WKH QH[W SDJH RI D PXOWLSDJH IXQFWLRQNH\ PHQX 7KH DUURZ NH\V DUH GLVFXVVHG DW WKH HQG RI WKLV FKDSWHU Row 4 M ò N ô O õ P ù ? m À Keys o p H 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI WKH ODVW IRXU FRPPDQGV RU FDOFXODWLRQV 5HVWRUH KLVWRU\ WR ZKDW LW ZDV EHIRUH WKH ODVW RSHUDWLRQ 'LVSOD\ WKH SURJUDPPLQJ PHQX 'LVSOD\ DOO WKH FKDUDFWHUV WKDW FDQ EH HQWHUHG 2SHQ 0DWUL[ :ULWHU (QWHU WLFN PDUNV WR GHOLPLW DQ DOJHEUDLF REMHFW 'LVSOD\ WKH PDWKHPDWLFV PHQX (YDOXDWH DQ H[SUHVVLRQ 'HOHWH WKH ODVW REMHFW LQ KLVWRU\ RU LQ 531 PRGH WKH HQWLUH VWDFN &OHDU KLVWRU\ 'LVSOD\ DQG DFFHVV DOO SUHYLRXV FDOFXODWLRQV DQG UHVXOWV 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI DOO WKH FDOFXODWRUªV FRPPDQGV LQFOXGLQJ WKRVH WKDW KDYH EHHQ DGGHG LQ OLEUDULHV 2SHQ (TXDWLRQ :ULWHU 'LVSOD\ D PHQX RI VXEPHQXV HDFK OLVWLQJ WKH PRUH FRPPRQO\ XVHG V\PEROLF FRPPDQGV 'HOHWH WKH FKDUDFWHU WR WKH OHIW RI WKH FXUVRU Page 1-6 Keys Row 5 Q &DOFXODWH WKH QDWXUDO DQWLORJ RI D VSHFLILHG QXPEHU 6\QWD[ Q [ e YX LN x y ASIN ACOS ATAN ï R ð S î &DOFXODWH WKH QDWXUDO ORJDULWKP RI D VSHFLILHG QXPEHU 6\QWD[ /1 [ &DOFXODWH WKH VTXDUH RI D VSHFLILHG QXPEHU 6\QWD[ R [ &DOFXODWH WKH [WK URRW RI \ 6\QWD[ ð [ \ &DOFXODWH WKH DUF VLQH RI DQ DQJOH 6\QWD[ S [ 3HUIRUP VXPPDWLRQ RI QXPEHUV ZLWKLQ VSHFLILHG OLPLWV 6\QWD[ îU L M 6 ZKHUH U LV WKH VXPPDWLRQ LQGH[ L LV WKH LQLWLDO YDOXH M LV WKH ILQDO YDOXH DQG 6 LV WKH VXPPDQG &DOFXODWH WKH DUF FRVLQH RI DQ DQJOH 6\QWD[ T [ (QWHU WKH GLIIHUHQWLDWLRQ VLJQ &DOFXODWH WKH DUF WDQJHQW RI DQ DQJOH 6\QWD[ U [ (QWHU WKH LQWHJUDWLRQ RSHUDWRU &DOFXODWH \ WR WKH SRZHU RI [ 6\QWD[ \ q [ &DOFXODWH WKH VTXDUH URRW RI [ 6\QWD[ r [ &DOFXODWH WKH VLQH RI DQ DQJOH 6\QWD[ s [ &DOFXODWH WKH FRVLQH RI DQ DQJOH 6\QWD[ t [ &DOFXODWH WKH WDQJHQW RI DQ DQJOH 6\QWD[ u [ 10 x LOG T U q r s t u Row 6 V ý W æ X Y ë Z = ABS ARG &DOFXODWH WKH FRPPRQ EDVH  DQWLORJDULWKP RI D QXPEHU 6\QWD[ V [ &DOFXODWH WKH FRPPRQ EDVH  ORJDULWKP RI D QXPEHU 6\QWD[ ý[ ,QVHUW D QRWHTXDOV VLJQ ,QVHUW DQ HTXDOV VLJQ ,QVHUW D OHVVWKDQRUHTXDOWR VLJQ ,QVHUW D OHVVWKDQ VLJQ ,QVHUW D JUHDWHUWKDQRUHTXDOWR VLJQ ,QVHUW D JUHDWHUWKDQ VLJQ 'LVSOD\ WKH DEVROXWH YDOXH RI D UHDO RU FRPSOH[ QXPEHU 6\QWD[ Z[ Keys Keys Page 1-7 é v w O y z &DOFXODWH WKH DQJOH GHILQHG E\ D FRPSOH[ QXPEHU 6\QWD[ é D EL ,QVHUW WKH H[SRQHQW V\PERO DQG WUHDW WKH HQWU\ LQ PDQWLVVDDQG H[SRQHQW IRUPDW &KDQJH WKH VLJQ RI D QXPEHU ,QVHUW DQ [ &DOFXODWH WKH LQYHUVH RI D QXPEHU 6\QWD[ y [ 3HUIRUP GLYLVLRQ 6\QWD[ [ z \ USER ENTRY S.SLV NUM.SLV EXP&LN TRIG FINANCE TIME Row 7 ~ & í * û ( ç + K `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¥9 (QWHU QXPEHUV Row 8 $ ú % ÷ ^ ø _ Q < () 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI FDOFXOXV IXQFWLRQV 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI DOJHEUD IXQFWLRQV 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI PDWUL[ IXQFWLRQV 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI VWDWLVWLFV DSSOLFDWLRQV 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI FRQYHUVLRQ IXQFWLRQV 2SHQ WKH XQLWV DSSOLFDWLRQ (QWHU SDUHQWKHVHV IRU HQFORVLQJ SDUDPHWHUV (QWHU XQGHUVFRUH WR FUHDWH D XQLW REMHFW 6HOHFW WKH OHIWVKLIW NH\ERDUG RU DOSKD OHIWVKLIW NH\ERDUG Keys Page 1-8 Keys 4¥6 (QWHU QXPEHUV 3HUIRUP VXEWUDFWLRQ 6\QWD[ [ - \ - Row 9 ! ARITH CMPLX DEF LIB # BASE {} 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI DULWKPHWLF IXQFWLRQV 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI IXQFWLRQV UHODWLQJ WR FRPSOH[ QXPEHUV ó 6WRUH DQ H[SUHVVLRQ RU GHILQH D XVHU IXQFWLRQ # /LVW DOO OLEUDULHV ö (QWHU D V\PERO WR IRU H[DPSOH HQWHU D ELQDU\ LQWHJHU @ 'LVSOD\ D OLVW RI IXQFWLRQV UHODWLQJ WR ELQDU\ DULWKPHWLF ì (QWHU EUDFHV IRU GHOLPLWLQJ D OLVW (QWHU DQJOH EUDFNHWV WR GHOLPLW SURJUDPPLQJ FRGH 6HOHFW WKH ULJKWVKLIW RU DOSKD ULJKWVKLIW NH\ERDUG > 1¥3 (QWHU QXPEHUV 3HUIRUP DGGLWLRQ 6\QWD[ [ = \ = Row 10 : ü L , J I | ; 0 . F \ G &RQWLQXH D KDOWHG SURJUDP RU CANCEL VXVSHQGHG DSSOLFDWLRQ 7XUQ RII WKH FDOFXODWRU (QWHU WKH LQILQLW\ V\PERO (QWHU D ULJKWSRLQWLQJ DUURZ 7DJ DQ REMHFW 6WDUW D QHZ OLQH (QWHU SL (QWHU D FRPPD 5HFDOO D SUHYLRXV DQVZHU 'LVSOD\ WKH UHVXOW LQ DSSUR[LPDWH PRGH 7XUQ WKH FDOFXODWRU RQ (QWHU D ]HUR (QWHU D GHFLPDO SRLQW (QWHU D VSDFH 2EWDLQ D UHVXOW RU VHOHFW DQ RSWLRQ &DQFHOV DQ RSHUDWLRQ CONT OFF .: , ANS NUM Keys Keys Page 1-9 Arrow keys [ { } ] 0RYH XS WR WKH ILUVW REMHFW RU ILHOG VKRZQ 0RYH XS WR WKH SUHYLRXV REMHFW RU ILHOG 0RYH XS WR WKH ILUVW REMHFW RU ILHOG 0RYH WR OHIWPRVW REMHFW RU ILHOG VKRZQ 0RYH WR ULJKWPRVW REMHFW RU ILHOG VKRZQ 0RYH OHIW WR WKH SUHYLRXV REMHFW RU ILHOG 0RYH ULJKW WR WKH QH[W REMHFW RU ILHOG 0RYH OHIW WR WKH ILUVW REMHFW RU ILHOG 0RYH ULJKW WR WKH ODVW REMHFW RU ILHOG 0RYH GRZQ WR WKH ODVW REMHFW RU ILHOG VKRZQ 0RYH GRZQ WR WKH QH[W REMHFW RU ILHOG 0RYH GRZQ WR WKH ODVW REMHFW RU ILHOG Key conventions ,Q WKLV JXLGH D NH\ SUHVV LV UHSUHVHQWHG LQ RQH RI WKUHH ZD\V $ IXQFWLRQ NH\ RSHUDWLRQ LV LQGLFDWHG E\ VPDOO FDSLWDOV 7KH WH[W RI WKH RSHUDWLRQ PDWFKHV WKH WH[W GLVSOD\HG RQ D IXQFWLRQNH\ PHQX WKDW LV D PHQX GLVSOD\HG DORQJ WKH ERWWRP RI WKH VFUHHQ )RU H[DPSOH DQ LQVWUXFWLRQ WR SUHVV (',7 LV DQ LQVWUXFWLRQ WR SUHVV ZKDWHYHU IXQFWLRQ NH\ LV GLUHFWO\ EHORZ WKH ZRUG (',7 GLVSOD\HG DW WKH ERWWRP RI WKH VFUHHQ )XQFWLRQ NH\V DUH WKH NH\V PDUNHG a WR f $Q RSHUDWLRQ LQLWLDWHG E\ SUHVVLQJ D NH\ RU NH\V RWKHU WKDQ D VLQJOH IXQFWLRQ NH\ LV LQGLFDWHG E\ RQH RU PRUH NH\ FKDUDFWHUV 6RPH H[DPSOHV DUH s >B } DQG h 1RWH WKDW ZKHUH D NH\ FKDUDFWHU DSSHDUV RQ LWV RZQ SUHVV WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ NH\ IRU H[DPSOH o :KHUH D NH\ FKDUDFWHU LV SUHFHGHG E\ < RU > WKH NH\ FKDUDFWHU UHIHUV WR D ODEHO SULQWHG DERYH D NH\ $IWHU \RX SUHVV < RU > SUHVV WKH NH\ EHORZ WKH ODEHO )RU H[DPSOH DQ LQVWUXFWLRQ WR SUHVV 7KH DOSKD NH\ERDUG LV DFWLYH \RX KDYH SUHVVHG ` 7KLV LQGLFDWHV DQ DOHUW )RU H[DPSOH DQ DSSRLQWPHQW KDV EHFRPH GXH RU EDWWHU\ SRZHU LV ORZ $ PHVVDJH RQ WKH OLQH EHORZ WKH DQQXQFLDWRU H[SODLQV WKH DOHUW 7KH FDOFXODWRU LV EXV\ 'DWD LV EHLQJ WUDQVPLWWHG WR DQ H[WHUQDO GHYLFH '(* 5$' *5' ;<= 5a= 5aa +/7 86 865 $/* 35* 7KH DQJOH XQLW LV VHW WR GHJUHHV 7KH DQJOH XQLW LV VHW WR UDGLDQV 7KH DQJOH XQLW LV VHW WR JUDGLDQV 7KH FRRUGLQDWHV QRWDWLRQ LV UHFWDQJXODU 7KH FRRUGLQDWHV QRWDWLRQ LV SRODU RU F\OLQGULFDO 7KH FRRUGLQDWHV QRWDWLRQ LV SRODU RU VSKHULFDO $ SURJUDP KDV EHHQ KDOWHG RU DQ DSSOLFDWLRQ VXVSHQGHG 7KH XVHU NH\ERDUG LV DFWLYH IRU RQH RSHUDWLRQ 7KH XVHU NH\ERDUG LV DFWLYH XQWLO \RX SUHVV <~ $OJHEUDLF PRGH LV DFWLYH 3URJUDP PRGH LV DFWLYH 5HVXOWV DUH GLVSOD\HG LQ DSSUR[LPDWH PRGH Meaning Basic operation Page 2-4 Basic operation Symbol 5HDO QXPEHU PRGH Meaning (Continued) 5HVXOWV DUH GLVSOD\HG LQ H[DFW PRGH &RPSOH[ QXPEHU PRGH ; RU < '(& %,1 +(; 2&7 7KH FXUUHQW LQGHSHQGHQW YDULDEOH 'HFLPDO EDVH %LQDU\ EDVH +H[DGHFLPDO EDVH 2FWDO EDVH Table 2-1: Annunciators Basic operation History $OO WKH REMHFWV \RX FUHDWH ZLWK WKH +3 *¦HTXDWLRQV FDOFXODWLRQV JUDSKLFV SORWV SURJUDPV YDULDEOHV DQG VR RQ¦DUH GLVSOD\HG LQ WKH KLVWRU\ DUHD RI WKH VFUHHQ 6HH ILJXUH RQ SDJH  3UHVV [ RU ] WR VFUROO WKURXJK WKH KLVWRU\ Basic operation Page 2-5 Menu $ PHQX LV GLVSOD\HG DFURVV WKH ERWWRP RI PRVW VFUHHQV (DFK LWHP RQ WKH PHQX LV RQH RI WKH IROORZLQJ D FRPPDQG Basic operation WKH QDPH RI DQRWKHU PHQX D YDULDEOH D VXEGLUHFWRU\ 7KH PHQX FKDQJHV DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH NH\ FRPPDQG RU VXEPHQX \RX VHOHFW )RU H[DPSOH LI \RX SUHVV j WKH PHQX GLVSOD\V WKH YDULDEOHV DQG GLUHFWRULHV \RX FDQ DFFHVV IURP \RXU FXUUHQW SDWK 9DULDEOHV DUH WKH QDPHG REMHFWV WKDW \RX KDYH FUHDWHG DQG VDYHG DQG VXEGLUHFWRULHV DUH DUHDV RI PHPRU\ \RX KDYH VHW DVLGH DQG QDPHG XVXDOO\ WR KHOS \RX EHWWHU PDQDJH WKH VWRUDJH RI VDYHG REMHFWV 9DULDEOHV DQG GLUHFWRULHV DUH H[SODLQHG LQ GHWDLO LQ FKDSWHU §6WRULQJ REMHFWV¨ :KHQ \RX SUHVV FHUWDLQ RWKHU NH\V WKH PHQX FKDQJHV WR VKRZ FRPPDQGV RU RWKHU PHQXV :KHQ FKRVHQ D FRPPDQG HQDEOHV \RX WR SHUIRUP VRPH RSHUDWLRQ RQ GDWD VXFK DV D PDWKHPDWLFDO RSHUDWLRQ D VWRUDJH RSHUDWLRQ D XQLW FRQYHUVLRQ RSHUDWLRQ DQG VR RQ 0DQ\ RI WKH PRUH FRPPRQO\ XVHG FRPPDQGV KDYH D NH\ RI WKHLU RZQ )RU H[DPSOH \RX FDQ VWRUH DQ REMHFW E\ SUHVVLQJ k RU ILQG WKH VLQH RI DQ DQJOH E\ SUHVVLQJ s 2WKHU FRPPDQGV QHHG WR EH VHOHFWHG IURP PHQXV Selecting a menu item $ PHQX LWHP WKDW LV GLVSOD\HG DW WKH ERWWRP RI WKH VFUHHQ FDQ EH VHOHFWHG E\ SUHVVLQJ WKH IXQFWLRQ NH\¦WKDW LV RQH RI WKH NH\V ODEHOOHG a WR f¦GLUHFWO\ EHORZ WKH LWHP ,Q WKH H[DPSOH RQ WKH ULJKW WR VHOHFW (',7 IURP WKH PHQX \RX ZRXOG SUHVV a VLQFH a LV GLUHFWO\ EHORZ (',7 :KLOH IXQFWLRQ NH\ PHQXV DUH ZLGHO\ DYDLODEOH PRVW +3 * FRPPDQGV DUH PRUH HDVLO\ DFFHVVLEOH IURP FKRRVH OLVW PHQXV 7KLV W\SH RI PHQX¦LQ WKH IRUP RI D VFUROOLQJ OLVW¦GLVSOD\V VLPLODU JURXSV RI FRPPDQGV VXFK DV FDOFXOXV FRPPDQGV WULJRQRPHWU\ FRPPDQGV DQG VR RQ 7R VHH DQ H[DPSOH RI VXFK D PHQX SUHVV >ú Page 2-6 Basic operation 0RVW PHQXV FDQ EH GLVSOD\HG DV D IXQFWLRQ NH\ PHQX DQG DV D FKRRVH OLVW PHQX :KHUH WKLV LV WKH FDVH WKH GHIDXOW LV WR GLVSOD\ WKH PHQX DV D FKRRVH OLVW ,I \RX SUHIHU DOO PHQXV WR EH GLVSOD\HG DV IXQFWLRQ NH\ PHQXV FOHDU IODJ ¥ Multi-screen menus 7KHUH PD\ EH PRUH IXQFWLRQNH\ PHQX LWHPV WKDQ FDQ EH GLVSOD\HG RQ WKH RQH VFUHHQ ,Q WKLV FDVH SUHVV l¦RU < L¦WR GLVSOD\ IXUWKHU SDJHV RI WKH PHQX :KHUH WKHUH DUH PRUH LWHPV RQ D FKRRVH OLVW PHQX WKDQ FDQ EH GLVSOD\HG RQ WKH RQH VFUHHQ SUHVV ] RU [ WR GLVSOD\ IXUWKHU LWHPV J :KDW \RX KDYH DOUHDG\ W\SHG PRYHV XS DQG D QHZ OLQH EHFRPHV DYDLODEOH IRU \RX WR FRQWLQXH HQWHULQJ \RXU REMHFW )RU H[DPSOH OHWWHUV RI WKH *UHHN DOSKDEHW FDQ EH HQWHUHG E\ SUHVVLQJ > DQG D FKDUDFWHU NH\ &HUWDLQ V\PEROV¦VXFK DV PRQHWDU\ XQLWV DUURZV # DQG RWKHUV¦FDQ DOVR EH HQWHUHG E\ ILUVW SUHVVLQJ WKH > NH\ 7KHVH FKDUDFWHUV DQG V\PEROV DUH VKRZQ DERYH DQG WR WKH ULJKW RI WKH NH\V RQ WKH IURQW FRYHU RI WKH +3 * SRFNHW JXLGH :KHQ WKH DOSKD NH\ERDUG LV ORFNHG SUHVVLQJ < DQG D FKDUDFWHU NH\ SURGXFHV D ORZHUFDVH FKDUDFWHU VHH DERYH ,I D QXPHULF NH\ LV SUHVVHG LQVWHDG FHUWDLQ V\PEROV DUH GLVSOD\HG 7KHVH FKDUDFWHUV DQG V\PEROV DUH VKRZQ DERYH DQG WR WKH OHIW RI WKH NH\V RQ WKH IURQW FRYHU RI WKH +3 * SRFNHW JXLGH Basic operation Page 2-11 Using the Characters tool 0RVW RI WKH FRPPRQ FKDUDFWHUV \RX ZLOO QHHG FDQ EH HQWHUHG IURP WKH NH\ERDUG LQ WKH ZD\V GHVFULEHG HDUOLHU LQ WKLV FKDSWHU ô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ntering from history > [] < < > > H å > > > >ñ G ia ib ic id Description Basic operation 0RYH WKH FXUVRU OHIW RU ULJKW 0RYH WKH FXUVRU WR WKH ILUVW RU ODVW FKDUDFWHU VKRZQ RQ WKH VFUHHQ 0RYH WKH FXUVRU WR WKH ILUVW RU ODVW FKDUDFWHU RI WKH FRPPDQG OLQH ,I WKH FRPPDQG OLQH KDV PRUH WKDQ RQH OLQH PRYH WKH FXUVRU XS RU GRZQ D OLQH ,I WKH FRPPDQG OLQH KDV PRUH WKDQ RQH OLQH PRYH WKH FXUVRU WR WKH ILUVW RU ODVW OLQH VKRZQ RQ WKH VFUHHQ 0RYH WKH FXUVRU WR WKH EHJLQQLQJ RU HQG RI WKH FRPPDQG OLQH 'HOHWH WKH FKDUDFWHU WR WKH OHIW RI WKH FXUVRU 'HOHWH WKH FKDUDFWHU EHQHDWK WKH FXUVRU ,QGLFDWH WKH VWDUW RI D VHOHFWLRQ RI WH[W WKDW \RX ZDQW WR FRS\ RU FXW ,QGLFDWH WKH HQG RI D VHOHFWLRQ RI WH[W WKDW \RX ZDQW WR FRS\ RU FXW &RS\ \RXU VHOHFWLRQ &XW \RXU VHOHFWLRQ 3DVWH DW WKH SRVLWLRQ RI WKH FXUVRU WKH WH[W \RX KDYH FRSLHG RU FXW 'LVFDUG WKH FRQWHQWV RI WKH FRPPDQG OLQH DQG UHWXUQ WR WKH GHIDXOW VFUHHQ 6NLS WR WKH VWDUW RU HQG RI WKH FXUUHQW ZRUG 'HOHWH WKH FKDUDFWHUV WR WKH VWDUW RU HQG RI WKH FXUUHQW ZRUG ,I SUHFHGHG E\ > GHOHWHV DOO FKDUDFWHUV WR WKH VWDUW RI RU HQG RI WKH FRPPDQG OLQH Table 2-2: Command line editing tools Basic operation Page 2-13 Input forms 0DQ\ RI WKH +3 *ªV DSSOLFDWLRQV KDYH LQSXW IRUPV WR KHOS \RX UHPHPEHU WKH LQIRUPDWLRQ \RX QHHG WR HQWHU DQG WR VHW YDULRXV RSWLRQV $Q LQSXW IRUP LV MXVW OLNH D GLDORJ ER[ RQ D FRPSXWHU 7KH H[DPSOH RQ WKH ULJKW¦ GLVSOD\HG ZKHQ \RX SUHVV < D¦LV WKH LQSXW IRUP \RX XVH WR VHW XS D SORW 3UHVV 2. WR UHWXUQ WR WKH LQSXW IRUP 7KH UHVXOW WR WKH FDOFXODWLRQ ZLOO EH LQ WKH ILHOG \RX KLJKOLJKWHG DW VWHS Basic operation Closing an input form $Q LQSXW IRUP PLJKW EH XVHG WR PDNH JOREDO FKDQJHV¦IRU H[DPSOH FKDQJLQJ WKH GDWH RU WLPH¦RU WR VHW XS WKH SDUDPHWHUV IRU VRPH RWKHU RSHUDWLRQ VXFK DV VHWWLQJ WKH FRRUGLQDWHV IRU SORWWLQJ D SDUWLFXODU HTXDWLRQ ,I \RXU LQSXW IRUP ZLOO FKDQJH JOREDO VHWWLQJV SUHVV 2. 7KLV VDYHV \RXU VHWWLQJV DQG FORVHV WKH IRUP ,I \RXU LQSXW IRUP LV GHVLJQHG WR UHFRUG WKH SDUDPHWHUV IRU VRPH IXUWKHU RSHUDWLRQ D PHQX NH\ LV GLVSOD\HG UHSUHVHQWLQJ WKDW IXUWKHU RSHUDWLRQ )RU H[DPSOH WKH LQSXW IRUPV IRU SORWWLQJ D JUDSK ZLOO GLVSOD\ D PHQX LWHP ODEHOOHG '5$: 3UHVVLQJ WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ IXQFWLRQ NH\ FDXVHV WKH HTXDWLRQV VSHFLILHG WR EH GUDZQ DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH SDUDPHWHUV VSHFLILHG RQ WKH LQSXW IRUPV 6HH FKDSWHU §3ORWWLQJ JUDSKV¨ IRU PRUH LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ SORWWLQJ 7R FORVH DQ LQSXW IRUP DQG GLVFDUG WKH YDOXHV \RX KDYH HQWHUHG SUHVV G Basic operation Page 2-17 Modes $ PRGH LV D ZD\ LQ ZKLFK WKH +3 * EHKDYHV 7KHUH DUH QXPHURXV PRGHV )RU H[DPSOH RQH PRGH LV WKH ZD\ WKDW QXPEHUV DUH GLVSOD\HG ZLWK D IL[HG QXPEHU RI GHFLPDO SODFHV LQ VFLHQWLILF QRWDWLRQ DQG VR RQ $QRWKHU PRGH FRQWUROV WKH XQLWV LQ ZKLFK DQJXODU PHDVXUHPHQWV DUH LQWHUSUHWHG GHJUHHV UDGLDQV RU JUDGLDQV Basic operation Changing a mode (DFK PRGH KDV D GHIDXOW VHWWLQJ 7R FKDQJH D VHWWLQJ 3UHVV h 7KH &DOFXODWRU 0RGHV LQSXW IRUP LV GLVSOD\HG 7KLV LQSXW IRUP HQDEOHV \RX WR FKDQJH WKH VHWWLQJV RI WKRVH PRGHV WKDW DUH PRVW OLNHO\ WR QHHG FKDQJLQJ ,W DOVR JLYHV \RX DFFHVV WR LQSXW IRUPV IRU FKDQJLQJ GLVSOD\ PRGHV DQG &$6 PRGHV 7KH PRGHV WKDW FDQ EH FKDQJHG DUH GLVFXVVHG LQ WKH QH[W WKUHH VHFWLRQV &KDQJH WKH VHWWLQJ RI D PRGH 6HH §,QSXW IRUPV¨ RQ SDJH IRU LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ FKDQJLQJ WKH YDOXHV LQ ILHOGV RQ LQSXW IRUPV 3UHVV 2. Calculator Modes 7KH FDOFXODWRU PRGHV DUH 2SHUDWLQJ PRGH FRQWUROV KRZ WKH +3 * LQWHUSUHWV DQG GLVSOD\V FDOFXODWLRQV 6HH §$OJHEUDLF DQG 531 PRGHV¨ RQ SDJH  1XPEHU IRUPDW FRQWUROV KRZ QXPEHUV DUH GLVSOD\HG DQG WKH QXPEHU RI GHFLPDO SODFHV GLVSOD\HG 6HH §1XPEHU GLVSOD\V¨ RQ SDJH  $QJOH PHDVXUH FRQWUROV WKH XQLWV LQ ZKLFK DQJXODU PHDVXUHPHQWV DUH LQWHUSUHWHG GHJUHHV UDGLDQV RU JUDGLDQV &RRUGLQDWH V\VWHP FRQWUROV KRZ FRPSOH[ QXPEHUV DQG YHFWRUV DUH GLVSOD\HG 6HH FKDSWHU IRU PRUH LQIRUPDWLRQ %HHS D FKHFN ILHOG WKDW HQDEOHV \RX WR WXUQ RQ RU WXUQ RII WKH V\VWHP EHHS Page 2-18 Basic operation .H\ FOLFN D FKHFN ILHOG WKDW HQDEOHV \RX WR WXUQ RQ RU WXUQ RII WKH EHHS WKDW VRXQGV ZKHQ \RX SUHVV D NH\ )UDFWLRQ PDUN ODEHOOHG §)0¨ D FKHFN ILHOG WKDW HQDEOHV \RX WR FKDQJH WKH SXQFWXDWLRQ XVHG WR VHSDUDWH WKH LQWHJHU IURP WKH IUDFWLRQDO FRPSRQHQW RI D UHDO QXPEHU 7KH GHIDXOW LV D SHULRG 7R XVH D FRPPD SODFH D FKHFN PDUN LQ WKLV ILHOG /DVW VWDFN D FKHFN ILHOG WKDW HQDEOHV \RX WR VDYH PHPRU\ E\ GLVDEOLQJ WKH XQGR IXQFWLRQ 1RWH WKDW WKH $16 FRPPDQG UHTXLUHV WKH /DVW VWDFN ILHOG WR EH FKHFNHG Basic operation Display modes 'LVSOD\ PRGHV GHWHUPLQH WKH VL]H RI WKH IRQW LQ KLVWRU\ RQ WKH FRPPDQG OLQH DQG LQ (TXDWLRQ :ULWHU 7KH\ DOVR GHWHUPLQH WKH IRQW XVHG WKH QXPEHU RI VWDWXV OLQHV GLVSOD\HG RU  DQG ZKHWKHU DQG KRZ WKH FORFN LV GLVSOD\HG 7R FKDQJH D GLVSOD\ PRGH 3UHVV h 7KH &DOFXODWRU 0RGHV LQSXW IRUP LV GLVSOD\HG 3UHVV ',63 7KH 'LVSOD\ 0RGHV LQSXW IRUP LV GLVSOD\HG &KDQJH WKH VHWWLQJ 3UHVV 2. 7KH GLVSOD\ PRGHV DUH )RQW HQDEOHV \RX WR FKRRVH D SDUWLFXODU IRQW DV WKH VWDQGDUG V\VWHP IRQW (GLW 6PDOO HQDEOHV \RX WR FKRRVH WKH PLQLIRQW IRU FRPPDQG OLQH HQWULHV 7KH PLQLIRQW LV D VPDOO SL[HOE\SL[HO IRQW )XOO 3DJH HQDEOHV WKH FXUVRU WR EH SODFHG DQ\ZKHUH RQ WKH VFUHHQ GXULQJ HGLWLQJ UDWKHU WKDQ EHLQJ UHVWULFWHG WR WKH WH[W EHLQJ HGLWHG ,QGHQW VZLWFKHV RQ DXWRPDWLF OLQH LQGHQWLQJ LQ PXOWLOLQH FRPPDQG OLQH HQWULHV 6WDFN 6PDOO HQDEOHV \RX WR FKRRVH WKH PLQLIRQW IRU WKH KLVWRU\ DQG VWDFN GLVSOD\ Basic operation Page 2-19 7H[WERRN HQDEOHV \RX WR GLVSOD\ H[SUHVVLRQV DQG HTXDWLRQV LQ VLQJOH OLQH IRUPDW ZLWK A HWF LQVWHDG RI WUDGLWLRQDO WH[WERRN IRUPDW ZLWK VWDFNHG IUDFWLRQV UDLVHG H[SRQHQWV HWF (4: 6PDOO HQDEOHV \RX WR FKRRVH WKH PLQLIRQW IRU HQWULHV LQ (TXDWLRQ :ULWHU Basic operation (4: 6PDOO 6WDFN 'LVS HQDEOHV \RX WR GLVSOD\ HTXDWLRQV DQG H[SUHVVLRQV LQ WKH PLQLIRQW ZKLOH RWKHU REMHFWV DUH GLVSOD\HG LQ WKH V\VWHP IRQW 7KLV KDV HIIHFW RQO\ LI \RX DUH LQ WH[WERRN PRGH +HDGHU GHWHUPLQHV WKH QXPEHU RI OLQHV RI LQIRUPDWLRQ GLVSOD\HG LQ WKH KHDGHU¦WKDW LV LQ WKH VWDWXV DUHD¦RI WKH VFUHHQ 9DOLG YDOXHV DUH DQG &ORFN HQDEOHV \RX FRQWURO ZKHWKHU WKH GDWH DQG WLPH DUH GLVSOD\HG $QDORJ HQDEOHV \RX FKRRVH EHWZHHQ D GLJLWDO DQG DQDORJ IRUPDW IRU WKH FORFN GLVSOD\ CAS modes &HUWDLQ PRGHV UHODWH WR WKH +3 *ªV FRPSXWHU DOJHEUD V\VWHP &$6 6RPH H[DPSOHV DUH WKH GHIDXOW LQGHSHQGHQW YDULDEOH PRGXOR YDULDEOH DQG FRPSOH[ QXPEHU GLVSOD\ &$6 PRGHV DUH GLVFXVVHG LQ GHWDLO LQ FKDSWHU 7R FKDQJH D &$6 PRGH 3UHVV h 7KH &DOFXODWRU 0RGHV LQSXW IRUP LV GLVSOD\HG 3UHVV &$6 7KH &$6 0RGHV LQSXW IRUP LV GLVSOD\HG &KDQJH WKH VHWWLQJ 3UHVV 2. Flags 7KH PRGHV WKDW \RX DUH PRUH OLNHO\ WR ZDQW WR FKDQJH FDQ EH FKDQJHG HDVLO\ XVLQJ WKH LQSXW IRUPV GHVFULEHG LQ WKH ODVW WKUHH VHFWLRQV 7KHUH DUH KRZHYHU PDQ\ PRUH PRGHV WKDW \RX FDQ FKDQJH 7KHVH DGGLWLRQDO PRGHV FDQ EH FKDQJHG E\ VHWWLQJ RU FOHDULQJ FHUWDLQ IODJV )RU H[DPSOH E\ VHWWLQJ IODJ ¥ \RX FDQ ORFN WKH DOSKD NH\ERDUG E\ SUHVVLQJ ` RQFH UDWKHU WKDQ WZLFH &OHDULQJ IODJ ¥ UHWXUQV WKH PRGH WR LWV GHIDXOW VHWWLQJ ZKHUH ` PXVW EH SUHVVHG WZLFH WR ORFN WKH DOSKD NH\ERDUG Page 2-20 Basic operation WR REWDLQ WKH UHVXOW LQ DSSUR[LPDWH PRGH ([DFW PRGH DQG DSSUR[LPDWH PRGHV DUH H[SODLQHG RQ SDJH ,I D FDOFXODWLRQ \LHOGV D QXPEHU RI UHVXOWV WKH UHVXOWV DUH GLVSOD\HG WRJHWKHU LQ D OLVW ^UHVXOW UHVXOW UHVXOW ` ,Q DOJHEUDLF PRGH SUHYLRXV FDOFXODWLRQV DUH UHWDLQHG LQ KLVWRU\ WRJHWKHU ZLWK WKHLU UHVXOWV (DFK FDOFXODWLRQ LV GLVSOD\HG DW WKH OHIW RI WKH VFUHHQ DQG WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ UHVXOW LV GLVSOD\HG RQ WKH QH[W OLQH DW WKH ULJKW RI WKH VFUHHQ DV LQ WKH H[DPSOH RQ WKH ULJKW Basic operation Page 2-21 UDWKHU WKDQ \ WR JHW WKH UHVXOW Approximate mode ,Q DSSUR[LPDWH PRGH DOO QXPHULF UHVXOWV DUH GLVSOD\HG LQ IORDWLQJSRLQW IRUP ZKHUH SRVVLEOH )RU H[DPSOH VLQ \LHOGV UDWKHU WKDQ 2 / 2 )XUWKHU H[DPSOHV DUH JLYHQ LQ §&RPPDQG OLQH FDOFXODWLRQV¨ RQ WKH QH[W SDJH Basic operation Page 2-23 Command line calculations 7KLV VHFWLRQ SURYLGHV D QXPEHU RI H[DPSOHV RI FRPPRQ W\SHV RI FDOFXODWLRQV 7KH NH\VWURNHV QHHGHG¦LQ DOJHEUDLF PRGH¦WR HQWHU WKH FDOFXODWLRQ RQ WKH FRPPDQG OLQH DQG WKH UHVXOW LQ ERWK H[DFW DQG DSSUR[LPDWH PRGH DUH OLVWHG 7KH H[DPSOHV DVVXPH WKDW WKH FDOFXODWRU LV RSHUDWLQJ ZLWK LWV GHIDXOW PRGH VHWWLQJV &KDSWHUV DQG H[SODLQ KRZ WR XVH WKH FRPPDQGV DQG IXQFWLRQV RI WKH FDOFXODWRUªV FRPSXWHU DOJHEUD V\VWHP WR VHW XS DQG VROYH PRUHFRPSOH[ FDOFXODWLRQV 6HH FKDSWHU IRU LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ KRZ WR FRQILJXUH PRGHV WR JHW V\PEROLF UHVXOWV WR FDOFXODWLRQV ([DPSOH .H\V ([DFW $SSUR[LPDWH ([DPSOH .H\V ([DFW $SSUR[LPDWH ([DPSOH .H\V ([DFW $SSUR[LPDWH  á ¥  <_=}<_\ 45 / 12 r z \ 5/4 4 ­2 Basic operation qw\ 1RWH WKDW WKH w NH\ FKDQJHV WKH VLJQ RI WKH ODVW QXPEHU HQWHUHG ([DPSOH .H\V ([DFW $SSUR[LPDWH 4 2401 > ð > I \ Page 2-24 Basic operation ([DPSOH .H\V ([DFW $SSUR[LPDWH ([DPSOH .H\V ([DFW $SSUR[LPDWH x 1 5 2 dx >>I>IÁq>IÁ\ cos - 3 rt