Part No. 060161-10, Rev. J April 2006 OmniSwitch 7700/7800 OmniSwitch 8800 Advanced Routing Configuration Guide www.alcatel.com This user guide documents release 5.4 of the OmniSwitch 7700, 7800, and 8800. The functionality described in this guide is subject to change without notice. Copyright © 2006 by Alcatel Internetworking, Inc. All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the express written permission of Alcatel Internetworking, Inc. Alcatel® and the Alcatel logo are registered trademarks of Alcatel. Xylan®, OmniSwitch®, OmniStack®, and Alcatel OmniVista® are registered trademarks of Alcatel Internetworking, Inc. OmniAccessTM, Omni Switch/RouterTM, PolicyViewTM, RouterViewTM, SwitchManagerTM, VoiceViewTM, WebViewTM, X-CellTM, X-VisionTM, and the Xylan logo are trademarks of Alcatel Internetworking, Inc. This OmniSwitch product contains components which may be covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents: · U.S. Patent No. 6,339,830 · U.S. Patent No. 6,070,243 · U.S. Patent No. 6,061,368 · U.S. Patent No. 5,394,402 · U.S. Patent No. 6,047,024 · U.S. Patent No. 6,314,106 · U.S. Patent No. 6,542,507 · U.S. Patent No. 6,874,090 26801 West Agoura Road Calabasas, CA 91301 (818) 880-3500 FAX (818) 880-3505 info@ind.alcatel.com US Customer Support--(800) 995-2696 International Customer Support--(818) 878-4507 Internet--http://eservice.ind.alcatel.com ii OmniSwitch 7700/7800/8800 Advanced Routing Configuration Guide April 2006 Contents About This Guide .......................................................................................................... ix Supported Platforms .......................................................................................................... ix Who Should Read this Manual? ........................................................................................ xi When Should I Read this Manual? .................................................................................... xi What is in this Manual? ..................................................................................................... xi What is Not in this Manual? .............................................................................................. xi How is the Information Organized? ................................................................................. xii Documentation Roadmap ................................................................................................. xii Related Documentation ................................................................................................... xiv User Manuals Web Site .................................................................................................... xv Technical Support ............................................................................................................ xv Chapter 1 Configuring OSPF ....................................................................................................... 1-1 In This Chapter ................................................................................................................1-1 OSPF Specifications ........................................................................................................1-2 OSPF Defaults Table .......................................................................................................1-3 OSPF Quick Steps ...........................................................................................................1-4 OSPF Overview ..............................................................................................................1-7 OSPF Areas ..............................................................................................................1-8 Classification of Routers ..........................................................................................1-9 Virtual Links ............................................................................................................1-9 Stub Areas ..............................................................................................................1-10 Not-So-Stubby-Areas ......................................................................................1-11 Totally Stubby Areas .......................................................................................1-11 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) Routing ...............................................................1-12 Non-Broadcast OSPF Routing ...............................................................................1-12 Graceful Restart on Switches with Redundant CMMs ..........................................1-13 Configuring OSPF .........................................................................................................1-14 Preparing the Network for OSPF ...........................................................................1-15 Activating OSPF ....................................................................................................1-16 Creating an OSPF Area ..........................................................................................1-17 Creating OSPF Interfaces .......................................................................................1-21 Creating Virtual Links ............................................................................................1-24 Creating Redistribution Policies and Filters ...........................................................1-25 Configuring Router Capabilities ............................................................................1-28 Configuring Static Neighbors .................................................................................1-29 Configuring Redundant CMMs for Graceful Restart .............................................1-30 OmniSwitch 7700/7800/8800 Advanced Routing Configuration Guide April 2006 iii Contents OSPF Application Example ..........................................................................................1-31 Step 1: Prepare the Routers .............................................................................1-32 Step 2: Enable OSPF .......................................................................................1-34 Step 3: Create and Enable the Areas and Backbone ........................................1-34 Step 4: Create, Enable, and Assign Interfaces .................................................1-35 Step 5: Examine the Network ..........................................................................1-37 Verifying OSPF Configuration .....................................................................................1-38 Chapter 2 Configuring BGP ......................................................................................................... 2-1 In This Chapter .........................................................................................................2-1 BGP Specifications .........................................................................................................2-2 Quick Steps for Using BGP ............................................................................................2-3 BGP Overview ................................................................................................................2-4 Autonomous Systems (ASs) .....................................................................................2-5 Internal vs. External BGP .........................................................................................2-6 Communities ............................................................................................................2-7 Route Reflectors .......................................................................................................2-8 BGP Confederations .................................................................................................2-9 Policies ...................................................................................................................2-10 Regular Expressions ........................................................................................2-11 The Route Selection Process ..................................................................................2-14 Route Dampening ...................................................................................................2-15 CIDR Route Notation .............................................................................................2-15 BGP Configuration Overview .......................................................................................2-16 Starting BGP .................................................................................................................2-17 Disabling BGP ........................................................................................................2-17 Setting Global BGP Parameters ....................................................................................2-18 Setting the Router AS Number ...............................................................................2-19 Setting the Default Local Preference .....................................................................2-19 Enabling AS Path Comparison ...............................................................................2-20 Controlling the use of MED Values .......................................................................2-21 Synchronizing BGP and IGP Routes .....................................................................2-22 Displaying Global BGP Parameters .......................................................................2-23 Configuring a BGP Peer ................................................................................................2-24 Creating a Peer .......................................................................................................2-26 Restarting a Peer .....................................................................................................2-27 Setting the Peer Auto Restart .................................................................................2-27 Changing a Peer Address to the Local Router Address .........................................2-28 Clearing Statistics for a Peer ..................................................................................2-28 Setting Peer Authentication ....................................................................................2-29 Setting the Peer Route Advertisement Interval ......................................................2-29 Configuring a BGP Peer with the Loopback0 Interface ..................................2-29 Configuring Aggregate Routes .....................................................................................2-30 iv OmniSwitch 7700/7800/8800 Advanced Routing Configuration Guide April 2006 Contents Configuring Local Routes (Networks) ..........................................................................2-31 Adding the Network ........................................................................................2-31 Configuring Network Parameters ....................................................................2-32 Viewing Network Settings ..............................................................................2-33 Controlling Route Flapping Through Route Dampening ..............................................2-34 Example: Flapping Route Suppressed, then Unsuppressed ............................2-34 Enabling Route Dampening ............................................................................2-35 Configuring Dampening Parameters ...............................................................2-35 Clearing the History ........................................................................................2-37 Displaying Dampening Settings and Statistics ................................................2-37 Setting Up Route Reflection .........................................................................................2-38 Configuring Route Reflection ................................................................................2-40 Redundant Route Reflectors ...................................................................................2-40 Working with Communities ..........................................................................................2-41 Creating a Confederation ..............................................................................................2-42 Routing Policies ............................................................................................................2-43 Creating a Policy ....................................................................................................2-43 Assigning a Policy to a Peer ...................................................................................2-48 Displaying Policies ............................... ...