AlcatelTM DSL Router Family Command Line Interface Guide P/N 3EC 16963 AAAA-TCZZA October 1999 Copyright Alcatel provides this publication "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without written permission from Alcatel . Changes are periodically made to the information in this book. They will be incorporated in subsequent editions. Alcatel may make improvements and/or changes in the product described in this publication at any time. © Copyright 1996-1999 Alcatel Trademarks Alcatel is a trademark of Alcatel. All other trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned in this manual are the sole property of their respective companies. 2 AlcatelTM DSL Router Family Command Line Interface Preface About This Guide The Command Line Interface guide contains information on the syntax and use of the Command Line Interface for the family of DSL routers. It provides the steps and information needed to configure the router software and troubleshoot problems using the Command Line Interface. Configuration of network connections, bridging, routing, and security features are essentially the same for all DSL routers, unless otherwise noted. The guide also provides detailed information about the system's bridging, routing, addressing, and security operations. This guide is intended for small and home office users, remote office users, and other networking professionals who are installing and maintaining bridged and routed networks. How This Guide is Organized This guide is intended to help you configure and manage the router using the Command Line Interface. The guide assumes that you have read the information about the router and installed the hardware using the Internet Quick Start Guide. The guide is divided into eight parts: Introduction. Describes the features of the Command Line Interface. Advanced Topics. Contains additional information on topics such as interoperability, routing and bridging operations, PAP/CHAP security negotiation, bandwidth management, protocol conformance, and the file system. Planning for Router Configuration. Provides information unique to configuration using the Command Line Interface including worksheets for collecting required information. Configuring Router Software. Describes how to configure the router using the Command Line Interface. Configuring Special Features. Describes how to configure features such as Bridging Filtering, RIP, DHCP, NAT, Management Security, Software Options Keys, Encryption, IP Filtering, and L2TP Tunneling. Command Line Interface Reference. Describes the syntax of each command and the results when the command is entered. Managing the Router. Describes SNMP management capabilities, TFTP client and server, TELNET support and how to upgrade the system software, boot code, backup and restore configuration files, FLASH memory recovery procedures, and batch file command execution. Troubleshooting. Describes diagnostic tools used for identifying and correcting hardware and software problems. References User Guide. Contains an overview of the router's software and hardware features and details on hardware installation and software configuration using the Windows-based Configuration Manager. Quick Start Guide. Describes the configuration process involved in setting up a specific router model. Typographic Conventions The following conventions are used in this guide: Item Book titles, command reference parameters, reference to a specific section/chapter in this guide, emphasis in text. Keywords in command reference instructions Examples showing you what to type and what is displayed on the terminal. File names Italics Type Face Examples Refer to Chapter 1. Advanced Features system name Bold Mono-spaced font save remote listIpRoute hq Upper case Copy file CFGMGR.EXE 4 Preface Table of Contents Preface About This Guide How This Guide is Organized References Typographic Conventions Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1. Advanced Topics Interoperability Routing Bridging Bridging and Routing Operation Bridging and Routing Configuration Settings Point-To-Point Protocol (PPP) PAP/CHAP Security Authentication General Security Authentication Security Configuration Settings Authentication Process Protocol Conformance Protocol Standards IP Routing IPX Routing Encapsulation Options PPP PPPLLC RFC 1483 or RFC 1490 MAC Encapsulated Routing: RFC 1483MER (ATM) or RFC 1490MER (Frame Relay) FRF8 rawIP System Files Bridge Filtering Unique System Passwords Chapter 2. Planning for Router Configuration Important Terminology Essential Configuration Information PPP Link Protocol (over ATM or Frame Relay) RFC 1483/RFC 1490 Link Protocols MAC Encapsulated Routing: RFC 1483MER/RFC 1490MER Link Protocols FRF8 Link Protocol Dual-Ethernet Router Configuration Chapter 3. Configuring Router Software Configuration Tables Configuring PPP with IP Routing Configuring PPP with IPX Routing Configuring PPP with Bridging Configuring RFC 1483 / RFC 1490 with IP Routing Configuring RFC 1483 / RFC 1490 with IPX Routing Configuring RFC 1483 / RFC 1490 with Bridging 3 3 3 4 4 5 9 11 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 15 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 22 23 23 24 25 30 35 37 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 Table of Contents 5 Configuring MAC Encapsulated Routing: RFC 1483MER / RFC 1490MER with IP Routing Configuring FRF8 with IP Routing Configuring Mixed Network Protocols Configuring a Dual-Ethernet Router for IP Routing Verify the Router Configuration Test IP Routing Test Bridging to a Remote Destination Test IPX Routing Sample Configurations Sample Configuration 1: PPP with IP and IPX Sample Configuration 2: RFC 1483 with IP and Bridging Sample Configuration 3: Configuring a Dual-Ethernet Router for IP Routing Chapter 4. Configuring Special Features Bridge Filtering and IP Firewall General Information Configure Bridge Filtering Enable/Disable Internet Firewall Filtering IP (RIP) Protocol Controls Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) General Information Manipulating Subnetworks and Explicit Client Leases Setting Option Values BootP Defining Option Types Configuring BootP/DHCP Relays Other Information Network Address Translation (NAT) General NAT Rules Masquerading Classic NAT Client Configuration Management Security Disable Telnet and SNMP Restore Telnet and SNMP Validation of Telnet and SNMP Clients Restrict Remote Access Changing the SNMP Community Name Disable WAN Management System Log Software Option Keys Encryption PPP DES (RFC 1969) Encryption Diffie-Hellman Encryption IP Filtering Filters and Interfaces Configuring Filters with Network Address Translation Enabled Filter Actions IP Filter Commands Special Notes L2TP Tunneling -- Virtual Dial-Up Introduction L2TP Concepts Configuration 48 49 50 51 52 52 52 53 54 54 62 68 69 69 69 69 70 71 72 72 73 75 77 79 80 80 80 80 81 84 85 87 87 87 87 88 88 88 89 89 89 90 92 93 93 94 95 95 95 96 96 96 99 6 Table of Contents Sample Configurations Chapter 5. Command Line Interface Reference Command Line Interface Conventions Command Input Command Output Command Organization ? or HELP System-Level Commands Frame Statistics Router Configuration Commands Target Router System Configuration Commands (SYSTEM) Target Router Ethernet LAN Bridging and Routing (ETH) Remote Router Access Configuration (REMOTE) Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Commands (ADSL) Asynchronous Transfer Mode Commands (ATM) DMT Command Dual-Ethernet Router Commands (ETH) High-Speed Digital Subscriber Line Commands (HDSL) ISDN Digital Subscriber Line (IDSL) Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line Commands (SDSL) Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Commands (DHCP) L2TP -- Virtual Dial-Up Configuration (L2TP) Bridge Filtering Commands (FILTER BR) Save Configuration Commands (SAVE) Erase Configuration Commands (ERASE) File System Commands Chapter 6. Managing the Router Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Telnet Remote Access Client TFTP Facility TFTP Server BootP Server Boot Code Manual Boot Menu Identifying Fatal Boot Failures Software Kernel Upgrades Booting and Upgrading from the LAN Upgrading from the WAN Line Backup and Restore Configuration Files Backup Configuration Files (Recommended Procedure) Restore Configuration Files FLASH Memory Recovery Procedures Recovering Kernels for Routers with Configuration Switches Recovering Kernels for Routers with a Reset Button Recovering Passwords and IP Addresses Routers with Configuration Switches Routers with a Reset Button Batch File Command Execution Chapter 7. Troubleshooting Diagnostic Tools Using LEDs 101 109 109 109 109 109 110 111 113 120 121 134 143 166 168 171 172 176 179 181 185 196 204 206 208 210 215 215 216 216 216 217 217 217 221 221 221 223 224 224 224 225 225 226 227 227 228 228 231 231 231 Table of Contents 7 History Log Ping Command Investigating Hardware Installation Problems Check the LEDs to Solve Common Hardware Problems Problems with the Terminal Window Display Problems with the Factory Configuration Investigating Software Configuration Problems Problems Connecting to the Router Problems with the Login Password Problems Accessing the Remote Network Problems Accessing the Router via Telnet Problems Downloading Software System Messages Time-Stamped Messages History Log How to Obtain Technical Support Appendix A. Network Information Worksheets Configuring PPP with IP Routing Configuring PPP with IPX Routing Configuring PPP with Bridging Configuring RFC 1483 / RFC 1490 with IP Routing Configuring RFC 1483 / RFC 1490 with IPX Routing Configuring RFC 1483 / RFC 1490 with Bridging Configuring RFC 1483MER / RFC 1490MER with IP Routing Configuring FRF8 with IP Routing Configuring a Dual-Ethernet Router for IP Routing Appendix B. Configuring IPX Routing IPX Routing Concepts Configure IPX Routing Step 1: Collect Your Network Information for the Target (Local) Router Step 2: Review your Settings Appendix C. Access the Command Line Interface Connect the PC to the Console Port of the Router Access the Command Line Interface Terminal Window under Configuration Manager Terminal Session under Windows (HyperTerminal) Terminal Session for a Non-Windows Platform (Macintosh or UNIX) Telnet Session Index 232 233 234 234 234 234 235 235 235 236 238 238 238 239 241 241 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 253 253 254 255 257 257 257 257 258 258 258 259 8 Table of Contents Introduction This guide provides steps and information needed to configure the DSL or Dual-Ethernet router software using the Command Line Interface1. The Command Line Interface covers the following basic configuration topics: · · · · Set names, passwords, PVC numbers, and link and network parameters Configure specific details within a protocol, such as IP or IPX addresses and IP protocol controls Activate bridging and routing protocols Enable the Internet firewall filter with IP routing The Command Line Interface also provides the following advanced features: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Manage the router's file system Set bridging filters Configure the type of DSL technology specific to your router (e.g., ADSL, SDSL) Configure the Dual-Ethernet router Issue online status commands Monitor error messages Set RIP options Configure DHCP Configure NAT Configure Telnet/SNMP security Configure host mapping Configure IP multicast Create and execute script files Configure encryption Configure IP filtering Configure L2TP tunneling Enable software options keys 1. The Microsoft® WindowsTM-based Configuration Manager or Quick Start program (featuring an easyto-use, point-and-click GUI interface) provides another way to configure the router's software. Please refer to Access the Command Line Interface section in this guide if you intend to use Configuration Manager or Quick Start as your primary configuration tool. 10 Introduction Chapter 1. Advanced Topics This chapter provides information on advanced topics useful to network administrators. Interoperability The router uses industry-wide standards to ensure compatibility with routers and equipment from other vendors. To interoperate, the router supports standard protocols on the physical level, data link level for frame type or encapsulation method, and network level. For two systems to communicate directly, they must use the same protocol at each level. Most protocols do not support negotiable options, except for PPP. The physical protocol level includes hardware and electrical signaling characteristics. This support is provided by the router Ethernet and modem hardware interfaces. The data-link protocol level defines the transmission of data packets between two systems over the LAN or WAN physical link. The frame type or encapsulation method defines a way to run multiple network-level protocols over a sing ...