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Aperture User Manual K Apple Computer, Inc. © 2006 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. The owner or authorized user of a valid copy of Aperture software may reproduce this publication for the purpose of learning to use such software. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted for commercial purposes, such as selling copies of this publication or for providing paid for support services. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for printing or clerical errors. Because Apple frequently releases new versions and updates to its system software, applications, and Internet sites, images shown in this book may be slightly different from what you see on your screen. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Use of the "keyboard" Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Apple, the Apple logo, Apple Cinema Display, ColorSync, FireWire, iPhoto, iTunes, Mac, Macintosh, Mac OS, and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Aperture, Finder, and MacBook are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. .Mac is a service mark of Apple Computer, Inc. Adobe, Adobe RGB, Photoshop, and PostScript are trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the U.S. and/or other countries. Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective companies. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products. 1 Contents Preface 11 12 Introducing Aperture What's Next? Part I Chapter 1 15 16 17 20 31 32 37 39 40 41 42 43 45 49 50 52 53 54 57 60 61 64 65 67 Interface and Acquisition An Overview of Aperture A First Look at Aperture Creating Projects and Importing Your Photos Photo Editing with Aperture Image Processing Distribution Backing Up Your Work The Aperture Interface The Aperture Main Window Projects Panel Viewer and Browser Control Bar Toolbar Adjustments Inspector Metadata Inspector Import Panel Vaults Panel Book Layout Editor Webpage Editor Light Table Heads-Up Displays Workspace Layouts Customizing the Toolbar Setting Aperture Preferences Chapter 2 3 Chapter 3 71 72 78 79 80 82 82 83 83 85 87 88 89 90 91 97 105 108 109 110 110 111 112 114 114 115 Working with Aperture Projects Basic Components of Aperture Working with Projects Creating and Naming Projects Opening and Closing Projects Creating and Showing Favorite Projects Deleting Images from Projects and Albums Deleting Items from the Projects Panel Working with Library Files Quickly Accessing Commands Importing Images An Overview of Importing Images File Formats You Can Import into the Library Planning Your Import Strategy Importing from Your Digital Camera or Card Reader Importing Image Files Stored on Your Computer Automatically Naming Your Imported Images Adding Metadata to Images During Import Creating Stacks Automatically During Import Adjusting the Image File's Time When Importing Dragging Files from the Finder to the Projects Panel Importing Folders of Images from the Finder Importing Your iPhoto Library Transferring Projects from Another System Making an Immediate Backup Where Aperture Stores Your Managed Files in the Library Chapter 4 Part II Chapter 5 119 120 122 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 130 132 Photo Editing Working with Images in the Browser An Overview of the Browser Navigating Through and Selecting Images Working with a Selection of Images Working with Images in Grid View Working with Images in List View Searching for Images in the Browser Rearranging Images in the Browser Sorting Images in Grid View Rotating Images Creating Versions of an Image Deleting Images from the Browser 4 Contents 134 135 141 142 Chapter 6 145 146 148 148 149 150 151 151 152 154 155 156 156 157 158 160 162 163 164 165 165 169 171 173 174 174 175 175 177 180 186 Dragging Images into Different Projects and Albums Working with Referenced Images Working with Two Projects Open Displaying Specific Metadata with Your Images Displaying Images in the Viewer An Overview of the Viewer Showing or Hiding the Viewer Changing the Viewer Background Changing the Number of Images in the Viewer Comparing Images Viewing Stacks Viewing Images with the Loupe Using the Color Meter Showing Hot Areas in Your Images Viewing Images at Full Resolution Viewing Master Images Setting Up the Viewer for Onscreen Proofing Viewing Images on Multiple Displays Displaying Metadata Associated with Images Selecting Image Preview Options Quickly Accessing Commands Viewing Images in Full Screen Mode An Overview of Full Screen Mode Entering and Exiting Full Screen Mode Working with the Filmstrip in Full Screen Mode Working with the Toolbar in Full Screen Mode Using HUDs in Full Screen Mode Changing the Display of Metadata in Full Screen Mode Using Keyboard Shortcuts in Full Screen Mode Quickly Accessing Commands Stacking Images and Making Picks An Overview of Stacking Images Creating Stacks Working with Stacks Keyboard Shortcuts for Working with Stacks Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Contents 5 Chapter 9 187 188 190 192 194 195 197 199 200 202 206 213 218 222 223 223 224 225 226 228 231 232 235 238 241 242 243 Rating Images An Overview of the Aperture Rating System Rating Images Sorting Images by Rating Including Image Rating in Your Workflow Comparing and Rating Images Keyboard Shortcuts for Displaying Images with Specific Ratings Applying Keywords to Images An Overview of Keywords Viewing Keywords Applied to Images Applying Keywords Using the Keywords HUD Applying Keywords Using Keyword Controls and Keyword Presets Applying Keywords Using the Lift & Stamp HUD Applying Keywords Using the Metadata Inspector Applying Keywords to Images in the Light Table Removing Keywords from an Image Importing and Exporting Keyword Lists Working with Metadata An Overview of Metadata, Metadata Views, and Metadata Presets Displaying Metadata with Your Images Turning the Display of Metadata On or Off Viewing and Changing Metadata in the Metadata Inspector Working with Metadata Views Working with Metadata Presets Batch Changing Metadata More Information About IPTC Metadata Understanding Badge Overlays Searching for and Displaying Images An Overview of Searching Controls in the Query HUD Searching Across the Entire Library Searching by Image Name, Caption, or Other Text Searching by Keyword Searching by Date Searching by Rating Searching by IPTC Information Searching by EXIF Information Searching by Import Session Searching by File Status Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 247 248 252 253 253 255 256 258 259 260 261 262 6 Contents 263 264 265 Chapter 13 267 268 270 271 272 272 273 Searching by Other Metadata Searching by a Combination of Criteria Saving Your Search Results Grouping Images with Smart Albums An Overview of Smart Albums Collecting Images in a New Smart Album Searching Within a Smart Album Revising the Contents of a Smart Album Transferring Smart Album Images to Another Project or Album Deleting a Smart Album Part III Chapter 14 277 277 279 281 282 282 283 284 284 286 287 291 292 293 296 306 311 312 314 315 315 315 317 318 319 320 321 Distribution and Backup Printing Your Images An Overview of Printing Controls in the Print Dialog Printing a Single Image Printing a Series of Images Printing a Contact Sheet or Series of Contact Sheets Printing a Book Printing a Light Table Arrangement Creating and Modifying Print Presets Proofing Your Images Onscreen Turning Off Color Management in Your Printer Exporting Your Images An Overview of Exporting Images Exporting Copies of Digital Master Files Exporting Image Versions Working with Export Presets Creating Slideshow Presentations An Overview of Slideshows Creating a Slideshow Controlling a Slideshow Arranging the Order of a Slideshow's Images Controls in the Slideshow Presets Dialog Creating Slideshow Presets Modifying Slideshow Presets Creating a Growing Grid of Images Playing Your Slideshow on Your Main Display Only Displaying Your Images to Music Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Contents 7 Chapter 17 323 324 325 326 327 328 330 331 331 332 332 333 334 336 339 341 342 345 346 348 351 357 358 363 365 366 369 370 372 374 379 383 388 393 396 397 Using the Light Table An Overview of the Light Table Creating a Light Table Album Placing and Viewing Images in the Light Table Moving and Resizing Images in the Light Table Aligning and Arranging Images in the Light Table Adjusting the Light Table View Setting View Options for the Light Table Transferring Images from the Light Table Printing a Light Table Arrangement Deleting a Light Table Album Creating Webpages An Overview of Creating Webpages Creating Web Galleries Creating Web Journals Viewing and Navigating Through Webpages Choosing and Modifying Themes Working with Web Gallery Pages Working with Web Journal Pages Exporting Webpages Working with Web Export Presets Creating Books An Overview of Creating Books Planning Your Book Creating a Book Album Controls in the Book Layout Editor Choosing a Theme Viewing Pages Placing Images in a Book Adding and Removing Pages Working with Pages Working with Images Working with Text Working with Master Pages Copying a Book Album Printing Books Chapter 18 Chapter 19 8 Contents Chapter 20 399 400 401 402 404 405 406 406 407 407 409 Backing Up Your Images An Overview of the Backup Workflow Planning Your Backup System Working with the Vaults Panel Creating Vaults Updating Vaults Disconnecting a Vault's Hard Drive from Your System Temporarily Reconnecting a Vault's Hard Drive to your System Deleting a Vault Permanently Backing Up Images from a Portable in the Field Restoring Your Aperture System Part IV Appendix A 413 414 415 417 419 423 423 427 428 430 431 433 453 Appendixes and Glossary Setting Up an Aperture System Setting Up a Basic System Optional Equipment to Consider Setting Up Your System with Two Displays Configuring Mac OS X for Multiple Displays Calibrating Your Aperture System An Overview of Color Management Calibrating Your Camera Calibrating and Profiling Your Display Calibrating and Profiling Your Printer Credits Appendix B Appendix C Glossary Index Contents 9 Aperture is a powerful and easy-to-use digital image management system that can track thousands of digital images and provides the professional photographer with high-quality image management and adjustment tools. Designed for the needs of professional photographers, Aperture is an all-in-one post-production tool that provides:  An advanced RAW workflow: From capture to output, you can work with your images captured as RAW files, without having to first convert them to another format before viewing, adjusting, organizing, or printing them. Aperture supports RAW formats from leading digital camera manufacturers (including Canon and Nikon).  Flexible image management: A new, open Library structure lets you store photos anywhere you want. You can have Aperture either store image files in the Library or simply link to image files in their current locations. You can also have Aperture link to your iPhoto Library without copying the images into the Aperture Library. Aperture can work with photos stored on any number of hard disk drives and other storage media. You can catalog and search for images that are stored on multiple hard disks, including offline volumes, CDs, and DVDs.  Professional project management: Aperture allows you to manage thousands of projects and provides flexible organizational tools, comprehensive metadata support, and powerful search tools that let you find files instantly.  Nondestructive image processing: Designed to protect your images from the moment they're imported, Aperture identifies your original images as digital "master files," and it has built-in safeguards to help ensure that you don't accidentally overwrite or modify them.  Versatile printing and publishing: Working directly with your RAW images, you can create color-accurate prints, custom contact sheets, stunning websites, and unique bound books with tools that are intuitive and powerful. Preface 11 Introducing Aperture With Aperture you can efficiently import digital images, perform a photo edit, adjust and retouch images, publish images for the web or print, and back up your entire image library for safekeeping. Aperture lets you work with high-quality JPEG, TIFF, and RAW image files directly from your camera or card reader and maintain that high quality throughout your workflow. What's Next? This manual is only one of several types of documentation you can use as you work with Aperture.  For instructions for installing Aperture software, see Installing Your Software.  For an introduction to the basic concepts, procedures, and digital photography workflow for using Aperture, see Aperture Getting Started.  For an overview of Aperture, an introduction to the Aperture interface, and detailed instructions for using the many features and tools in Aperture, continue reading this manual.  For information about making image corrections and adjustments in Aperture, see Performing Image Adjustments in the Aperture Help menu.  For a list of the keyboard shortcuts you can use to perform tasks in Aperture, see Aperture Quick Reference.  For an introduction to the fundamentals of digital photography, see Digital Photography Fundamentals in the Aperture Help menu.  For information about ordering printed books of your images, see Ordering Books and Prints in the Aperture Help menu.  For the most recent technical and release information about Aperture, see Late-Breaking News in the Aperture Help menu.  For information about new features in Aperture, see New Features in the Aperture Help menu.  For the latest articles about technical issues and solutions, go to the Aperture Support website, available from the Aperture Help menu. 12 Preface Introducing Aperture Part I: Interface and Acquisition I This section provides introductory information about the application and its interface. It also explains how to set up your image management system and import images into it. Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 An Overview of Aperture The Aperture Interface Working with Aperture Projects Importing Images 1 An Overview of Aperture 1 Aperture is designed to be the center of your digital photography workflow, from capturing new images to the final delivery of professional-quality photographs. This chapter provides an overview of how Aperture works and what you can do with it. If you're new to Aperture, this chapter is for you. If you're familiar with the Aperture features and interface, feel free to skip this chapter. The chapter doesn't provide all the detailed information and instructions needed to perform work on your images. Once you're familiar with Aperture, you'll find in-depth explanations and instructions in later chapters. This chapter covers:  A First Look at Aperture (p. 16)  Creating Projects and Importing Your Photos (p. 17)  Photo Editing with Aperture (p. 20)  Image Processing (p. 31)  Distribution (p. 32) 15 A First Look at Aperture When you first open Aperture, you see the following areas: To create a project to hold your imported images, click here. Click here to open the Import panel. Toolbar Viewer Your projects appear here. Browser Click here to open the Vaults panel. You select a hard disk to use for backing up images here. Note: Because you can customize the toolbar, adding and deleting the buttons you want, your toolbar may appear different from the one pictured in this manual. For more information about changing the toolbar, see "Customizing the Toolbar" on page 65. 16 Part I Interface and Acquisition I After you import images into a new project, your screen will look similar to this: Aperture imports the images into a project. Click the project to see its images in the Browser. The Viewer shows the selected image. Select a thumbnail in the Browser. Your project's image thumbnails About Aperture Sample Projects The Aperture installation disc includes several sample projects containing high-resolution images. When you first open Aperture, a dialog appears asking if you'd like to install a sample project. Other sample projects are available in the Sample Projects folder on the Aperture installation disc. You can import these projects into Aperture from the Aperture installation disc at any time after installing the application. Creating Projects and Importing Your Photos To use Aperture, you first import your photos. You can import digital photos directly from your camera or a card reader and from hard disks or other storage devices where you've archived digital files. After a shoot, you can connect your card reader or digital camera to your computer and Aperture automatically detects it. You can then easily import your new images into Aperture. Creating Projects As you work with Aperture, you create projects to hold your images. A project is similar to a folder that can hold dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of images. For example, after completing a travel shoot to Antarctica, you might create a new project named Antarctica and import the photos into it. Chapter 1 An Overview of Aperture 17 Your new project appears in a list in the Projects panel. Folders Examples of items in the Projects panel Projects As your portfolio increases and you create more and more projects, you can organize your work into hierarchies of folders, projects, and albums. You can create as many projects as you need and name them according to any naming scheme you prefer. It's important to name projects so that they will be easy to identify and access. When you need to further subdivide and organize images in a project, you can create albums. Over the long term you may be using Aperture to track years of projects, so you'll want to develop a naming system that is easy to use and understand. For more information about organizing your images in projects and albums, see Chapter 3, "Working with Aperture Projects," on page 71. 18 Part I Interface and Acquisition I Importing Images When you connect a camera or card reader to your computer, the Import dialog appears. You can select your camera or card reader and see the images you're about to import. You can select all the images on a memory card or select and import only those you want. You can also select image files on your hard disk for importing. Select your camera, card reader, or hard disk here. Specify import options here. When you click Import All, your images are imported into the selected project or a new project. You can then specify options for importing your images. For example, you can specify that your images be imported into the Aperture Library in your Pictures folder, or specify another location to store them. If you have images already stored on a hard disk, you can simply allow Aperture to access them without changing their current locations. You can choose how images are named and include other information that is recorded with each image to help identify it. For example, you can specify the event name, date, time, photographer, and location, as well as copyright information. You can also specify other import options, such as whether you want Aperture to group related images together in stacks. For example, if you have bracketed images or images shot in quick succession, you can have Aperture import and stack these images together to make reviewing and working with them easier. Chapter 1 An Overview of Aperture 19 Importing Files from Your Body of Work You can easily import your collection of archived digital images into Aperture from any hard disk or storage device connected to your computer. When importing legacy images from your portfolio, you can move them into the main Aperture Library, or simply identify where the images are located, and Aperture adds them to its management system without changing the image locations. This means that with Aperture, you can still work with your images in their current organization and on multiple hard disks without relocating or reorganizing your current files. You can also move or copy images to new locations when needed. Aperture can also import your iPhoto Library and files stored in a variety of common file types and formats, including:  GIF  JPEG  JPEG2000  PNG  PSD  RAW files from a variety of supported digital cameras  TIFF Note: For a list of supported digital cameras, go to http://www.apple.com/aperture. For more information about importing images, see Chapter 4, "Importing Images," on page 87. Photo Editing with Aperture Aperture allows you to easily view and work with your images onscreen. It provides easy-to-use tools and controls, as well as efficient methods for rating images, searching for images, and comparing and adjusting them. Viewing and Working with Images in the Browser and Viewer To work with your images, you select a project in the Projects panel and Aperture displays that project's images in the Browser. You use the Browser to review, organize, and select images. 20 Part I Interface and Acquisition