User manual AUTODESK AUTOCAD 2006 - COMMAND REFERENCE

AutoCAD® Command Reference 2006 February 2005 Copyright © 2005 Autodesk, Inc. All Rights Reserved This publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose. AUTODESK, INC., MAKES NO WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE REGARDING THESE MATERIALS, AND MAKES SUCH MATERIALS AVAILABLE SOLELY ON AN "AS-IS" BASIS. IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTODESK, INC., BE LIABLE TO ANYONE FOR SPECIAL, COLLATERAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF PURCHASE OR USE OF THESE MATERIALS. THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY TO AUTODESK, INC., REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION, SHALL NOT EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE MATERIALS DESCRIBED HEREIN. Autodesk, Inc., reserves the right to revise and improve its products as it sees fit. 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PANTONE ® Colors displayed in the software application or in the user documentation may not match PANTONE-identified standards. Consult current PANTONE Color Publications for accurate color. PANTONE ® and other Pantone, Inc. trademarks are the property of Pantone, Inc. © Pantone, Inc., 2002 Pantone, Inc. is the copyright owner of color data and/or software which are licensed to Autodesk, Inc., to distribute for use only in combination with certain Autodesk software products. PANTONE Color Data and/or Software shall not be copied onto another disk or into memory unless as part of the execution of this Autodesk software product. Portions Copyright © 1991-1996 Arthur D. Applegate. All rights reserved. Portions of this software are based on the work of the Independent JPEG Group. RAL DESIGN © RAL, Sankt Augustin, 2002 RAL CLASSIC © RAL, Sankt Augustin, 2002 Representation of the RAL Colors is done with the approval of RAL Deutsches Institut für Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnung e.V. 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GOVERNMENT USE Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in FAR 12.212 (Commercial Computer SoftwareRestricted Rights) and DFAR 227.7202 (Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software), as applicable. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Contents Chapter 1 Introduction....................................................................1 Using AutoCAD Documentation.............................................................1 Using This Reference................................................................................1 Executing Commands......................................................................1 References to Other Sections............................................................5 Typographical Conventions....................................................................5 Chapter 2 3D.....................................................................................7 3DARRAY................................................................................................18 3DCLIP...................................................................................................20 Adjust Clipping Planes Window....................................................20 3DCONFIG.............................................................................................22 3DCORBIT..............................................................................................28 3DDISTANCE.........................................................................................28 3DDWFPUBLISH ...................................................................................29 3D DWF Publish Dialog Box..........................................................29 3DFACE..................................................................................................30 3DMESH.................................................................................................32 3DORBIT................................................................................................33 3D Orbit Cursor Icons....................................................................34 3DOrbit Shortcut Menu.................................................................35 3DORBITCTR..........................................................................................38 3DPAN....................................................................................................38 3DPOLY..................................................................................................39 3DSIN.....................................................................................................40 3D Studio File Import Options Dialog Box....................................40 3DSOUT..................................................................................................43 3D Studio File Export Options Dialog Box....................................43 3DSWIVEL..............................................................................................45 3DZOOM................................................................................................46 Chapter 3 ABOUT...........................................................................47 ACISIN....................................................................................................47 ACISOUT................................................................................................47 ADCCLOSE.............................................................................................47 ADCENTER.............................................................................................48 DesignCenter Window...................................................................48 i Search Dialog Box...........................................................................54 ADCNAVIGATE......................................................................................57 ALIGN.....................................................................................................57 AMECONVERT.......................................................................................59 APERTURE..............................................................................................60 APPLOAD...............................................................................................61 Load/Unload Applications Dialog Box..........................................61 Startup Suite Dialog Box.................................................................63 ARC.........................................................................................................64 ARCHIVE................................................................................................69 Archive a Sheet Set Dialog Box......................................................69 Modify Archive Setup Dialog Box..................................................73 Archive - Set Password Dialog Box.................................................76 ARCHIVE Command Line..............................................................76 AREA.......................................................................................................77 ARRAY....................................................................................................80 Array Dialog Box............................................................................80 ARRAY Command Line..................................................................86 ARX........................................................................................................88 ASSIST.....................................................................................................89 Info Palette Shortcut Menu............................................................90 ASSISTCLOSE..........................................................................................90 ATTACHURL..........................................................................................91 ATTDEF...................................................................................................91 Attribute Definition Dialog Box.....................................................91 ATTDEF Command Line................................................................94 ATTDISP.................................................................................................96 ATTEDIT.................................................................................................97 Edit Attributes Dialog Box..............................................................98 ATTEDIT Command Line...............................................................99 ATTEXT................................................................................................104 Attribute Extraction Dialog Box...................................................105 ATTEXT Command Line..............................................................106 ATTREDEF............................................................................................107 ATTSYNC..............................................................................................107 AUDIT...................................................................................................108 Chapter 4 BACKGROUND............................................................109 Background Dialog Box........................................................................109 Adjust Background Bitmap Placement Dialog Box..............................112 BACTION..............................................................................................113 BACTIONSET........................................................................................120 BACTIONTOOL....................................................................................121 BASE.....................................................................................................127 BASSOCIATE.........................................................................................128 BATTMAN............................................................................................128 ii | Contents Block Attribute Manager..............................................................128 Edit Attribute Dialog Box.............................................................130 Settings Dialog Box......................................................................133 BATTORDER.........................................................................................134 Attribute Order Dialog Box..........................................................134 BAUTHORPALETTE..............................................................................135 BAUTHORPALETTECLOSE...................................................................136 BCLOSE................................................................................................136 BCYCLEORDER....................................................................................136 Insertion Cycling Order Dialog Box.............................................137 BEDIT...................................................................................................137 Edit Block Definition Dialog Box.................................................138 Block Editor..................................................................................139 BEDIT Command Line.................................................................149 BGRIPSET.............................................................................................150 BHATCH...............................................................................................150 BLIPMODE...........................................................................................150 BLOCK..................................................................................................151 Block Definition Dialog Box........................................................151 BLOCK Command Line................................................................154 BLOCKICON........................................................................................156 BLOOKUPTABLE..................................................................................156 Property Lookup Table Dialog Box..............................................157 Add Parameter Properties Dialog Box..........................................158 BMPOUT...............................................................................................159 BOUNDARY..........................................................................................160 Boundary Creation Dialog Box....................................................160 BOUNDARY Command Line.......................................................161 BOX......................................................................................................162 BPARAMETER.......................................................................................165 BREAK...................................................................................................179 BROWSER.............................................................................................181 BSAVE...................................................................................................181 BSAVEAS...............................................................................................182 Save Block As Dialog Box.............................................................182 BVHIDE................................................................................................183 BVSHOW..............................................................................................183 BVSTATE...............................................................................................184 Visibility States Dialog Box..........................................................184 ..........................................................................................................? BVSTATE Command Line............................................................186 Chapter 5 CAL...............................................................................189 Understand Syntax of Expressions......................................................189 Format Feet and Inches........................................................................190 Format Angles......................................................................................191 Contents | iii Use Points and Vectors........................................................................191 Use AutoLISP Variables........................................................................193 Use System Variables in Calculations..................................................193 Convert Units of Measurement...........................................................194 Use Standard Numeric Functions........................................................194 Calculate a Vector from Two Points....................................................195 Calculate the Length of a Vector.........................................................196 Obtain a Point by Cursor.....................................................................197 Obtain the Last-Specified Point...........................................................197 Use Snap Modes in Arithmetic Expressions.........................................197 Convert Points Between UCS and WCS..............................................198 Calculate a Point on a Line..................................................................199 Rotate a Point About an Axis...............................................................200 Obtain an Intersection Point...............................................................201 Calculate a Distance.............................................................................201 Obtain a Radius....................................................................................203 Obtain an Angle...................................................................................203 Calculate a Normal Vector...................................................................205 Use Shortcut Functions........................................................................206 CAMERA...............................................................................................207 CHAMFER.............................................................................................208 CHANGE..............................................................................................212 CHECKSTANDARDS.............................................................................217 Check Standards Dialog Box........................................................217 CHPROP...............................................................................................218 CIRCLE.................................................................................................221 CLEANSCREENON...............................................................................223 CLEANSCREENOFF..............................................................................224 CLOSE...................................................................................................224 CLOSEALL............................................................................................224 COLOR.................................................................................................224 Select Color Dialog Box................................................................225 Index Color Tab (Select Color Dialog Box)..........................225 True Color Tab (Select Color Dialog Box)............................226 Color Books Tab (Select Color Dialog Box)..........................228 COLOR Command Line...............................................................229 COMMANDLINE..................................................................................230 COMMANDLINEHIDE.........................................................................230 COMPILE..............................................................................................230 CONE....................................................................................................231 CONVERT.............................................................................................235 CONVERTCTB......................................................................................236 CONVERTPSTYLES...............................................................................237 COPY....................................................................................................238 COPYBASE............................................................................................239 COPYCLIP............................................................................................239 iv | Contents COPYHIST............................................................................................240 COPYLINK............................................................................................240 CUI.......................................................................................................240 Customize User Interface Dialog Box..........................................240 Transfer Tab (Customize User Interface Dialog Box)...........241 Customize Tab (Customize User Interface Dialog Box)....................................................................................242 Button Editor Dialog Box.............................................................245 Display Filters Dialog Box............................................................247 Find and Replace Dialog Box.......................................................247 Find Tab (Find and Replace Dialog Box)..............................247 Replace Tab (Find and Replace Dialog Box).........................248 CUIEXPORT.........................................................................................250 CUIIMPORT.........................................................................................250 CUILOAD.............................................................................................250 CUIUNLOAD........................................................................................250 CUSTOMIZE.........................................................................................251 Customize Dialog Box..................................................................251 CUTCLIP..............................................................................................252 CYLINDER............................................................................................252 Chapter 6 DBCCLOSE...................................................................257 DBCONNECT.......................................................................................257 dbConnect Manager.....................................................................258 Data View Window......................................................................264 Query Editor.................................................................................275 Quick Query Tab (Query Editor)..........................................275 Range Query Tab (Query Editor)..........................................277 Query Builder Tab (Query Editor)........................................278 SQL Query Tab (Query Editor).............................................281 Column Values Dialog Box..........................................................284 Configure a Data Source Dialog Box............................................284 Data View and Query Options Dialog Box..................................284 Export Links Dialog Box...............................................................287 Export Query Set Dialog Box........................................................288 Export Template Set Dialog Box..................................................288 Find Dialog Box............................................................................288 Format Dialog Box........................................................................289 Import Query Set Dialog Box.......................................................290 Import Template Set Dialog Box..................................................290 Label Template Dialog Box..........................................................291 Label Template Properties Dialog Box.........................................293 Link Conversion Dialog Box........................................................294 Link Manager................................................................................296 Link Select Dialog Box..................................................................297 Link Template Dialog Box............................................................300 Contents | v Link Template Properties Dialog Box...........................................302 New Label Template Dialog Box..................................................302 New Link Template Dialog Box...................................................303 New Query Dialog Box.................................................................304 Replace Dialog Box.......................................................................305 Select a Database Object Dialog Box............................................306 Select Data Object Dialog Box......................................................306 Sort Dialog Box.............................................................................307 Synchronize Dialog Box...............................................................307 DBLCLKEDIT........................................................................................309 DBLIST..................................................................................................309 DDEDIT................................................................................................310 Edit Text Dialog Box.....................................................................310 Edit Attribute Definition Dialog Box...........................................311 DDPTYPE..............................................................................................311 Point Style Dialog Box..................................................................312 DDVPOINT...........................................................................................313 Viewpoint Presets Dialog Box......................................................313 DELAY..................................................................................................314 DETACHURL........................................................................................314 DIM and DIM1.....................................................................................315 DIMALIGNED.......................................................................................316 DIMANGULAR.....................................................................................319 DIMARC...............................................................................................323 DIMBASELINE......................................................................................325 DIMCENTER.........................................................................................326 DIMCONTINUE...................................................................................327 DIMDIAMETER....................................................................................329 DIMDISASSOCIATE..............................................................................330 DIMEDIT..............................................................................................330 DIMJOGGED........................................................................................333 DIMLINEAR..........................................................................................335 DIMORDINATE....................................................................................339 DIMOVERRIDE.....................................................................................341 DIMRADIUS.........................................................................................342 DIMREASSOCIATE...............................................................................343 DIMREGEN...........................................................................................345 DIMSTYLE............................................................................................345 Dimension Style Manager............................................................346 Create New Dimension Style Dialog Box.....................................348 New, Modify, and Override Dimension Style Dialog Boxes..........................................................................................349 Compare Dimension Styles Dialog Box.......................................376 DIMSTYLE Command Line..........................................................377 DIMTEDIT............................................................................................380 DIST......................................................................................................382 vi | Contents DIVIDE.................................................................................................382 DONUT.................................................................................................384 DRAGMODE.........................................................................................385 DRAWINGRECOVERY.........................................................................385 Drawing Recovery Manager.........................................................385 DRAWINGRECOVERYHIDE.................................................................387 DRAWORDER.......................................................................................387 DSETTINGS..........................................................................................388 Drafting Settings Dialog Box........................................................389 Pointer Input Settings Dialog Box................................................400 Dimension Input Settings Dialog Box.........................................401 Tooltip Appearance Dialog Box...................................................402 DSVIEWER............................................................................................403 Aerial View Window.....................................................................404 DVIEW..................................................................................................406 DWGPROPS..........................................................................................416 Drawing Properties Dialog Box....................................................417 Add Custom Property Dialog Box................................................423 DXBIN..................................................................................................423 Chapter 7 EATTEDIT....................................................................425 Enhanced Attribute Editor...................................................................425 EATTEXT..............................................................................................427 Attribute Extraction Wizard.........................................................428 Attribute Extraction - Additional Settings Dialog Box.................432 Filter Dialog Box...........................................................................433 EDGE....................................................................................................434 EDGESURF............................................................................................435 ELEV.....................................................................................................436 ELLIPSE.................................................................................................437 ERASE...................................................................................................441 ETRANSMIT..........................................................................................442 Create Transmittal Dialog Box.....................................................442 Transmittal Setups Dialog Box.....................................................446 Import Transmittal Setups Dialog Box.........................................447 Modify Transmittal Setup Dialog Box..........................................448 Transmittal - Set Password Dialog Box.........................................452 ETRANSMIT Command Line........................................................453 EXPLODE.............................................................................................454 EXPORT................................................................................................456 EXTEND...............................................................................................456 EXTRUDE.............................................................................................460 Chapter 8 FIELD............................................................................463 Field Dialog Box...................................................................................463 Field Format Dialog Box.......................................................................467 Contents | vii FILL.......................................................................................................468 FILLET...................................................................................................469 FILTER..................................................................................................473 Object Selection Filters Dialog Box..............................................474 FIND.....................................................................................................476 Find and Replace Dialog Box.......................................................477 Find and Replace Options Dialog Box.........................................479 FOG......................................................................................................480 Fog/Depth Cue Dialog Box..........................................................480 Chapter 9 GOTOURL....................................................................483 GRADIENT...........................................................................................483 GRAPHSCR...........................................................................................483 GRID.....................................................................................................483 GROUP.................................................................................................485 Object Grouping Dialog Box........................................................485 Order Group Dialog Box..............................................................489 GROUP Command Line...............................................................490 Chapter 10 HATCH.........................................................................493 Hatch and Gradient Dialog Box...........................................................493 Hatch Tab (Hatch and Gradient Dialog Box)...............................497 Gradient Tab (Hatch and Gradient Dialog Box)..........................501 More Options (Hatch and Gradient Dialog Box).........................502 Hatch Pattern Palette Dialog Box........................................................506 HATCH Command Line.......................................................................507 HATCHEDIT.........................................................................................514 Hatch Edit Dialog Box..................................................................514 HATCHEDIT Command Line.......................................................516 HELP.....................................................................................................519 HIDE.....................................................................................................519 HLSETTINGS........................................................................................520 Hidden Line Settings Dialog Box.................................................521 HYPERLINK..........................................................................................523 Insert Hyperlink Dialog Box.........................................................523 Edit Hyperlink Dialog Box...........................................................527 Select Place in Document Dialog Box..........................................527 HYPERLINK Command Line........................................................528 HYPERLINKOPTIONS...........................................................................529 Chapter 11 ID..................................................................................531 IMAGE..................................................................................................531 Image Manager.............................................................................531 IMAGE Command Line................................................................535 IMAGEADJUST.....................................................................................537 viii | Contents Image Adjust Dialog Box..............................................................537 IMAGEADJUST Command Line...................................................539 IMAGEATTACH....................................................................................539 Image Dialog Box.........................................................................540 IMAGECLIP..........................................................................................543 IMAGEFRAME......................................................................................544 IMAGEQUALITY..................................................................................545 IMPORT................................................................................................545 INSERT..................................................................................................546 Insert Dialog Box..........................................................................546 INSERT Command Line...............................................................549 INSERTOBJ...........................................................................................553 Insert Object Dialog Box..............................................................554 INTERFERE...........................................................................................555 INTERSECT...........................................................................................557 ISOPLANE.............................................................................................558 Chapter 12 JOIN..............................................................................561 JPGOUT................................................................................................562 JUSTIFYTEXT........................................................................................562 Chapter 13 LAYER..........................................................................565 Layer Properties Manager.....................................................................565 Layer Filter Properties Dialog Box........................................................574 Layer Filter Examples...................................................................576 Layer States Manager............................................................................578 New Layer State to Save Dialog Box....................................................580 Select Linetype Dialog Box..................................................................580 Lineweight Dialog Box.........................................................................581 LAYER Command Line........................................................................582 LAYERP.................................................................................................587 LAYERPMODE......................................................................................588 LAYOUT...............................................................................................588 LAYOUTWIZARD.................................................................................590 Layout Wizard..............................................................................590 LAYTRANS............................................................................................591 Layer Translator............................................................................591 Settings Dialog Box......................................................................593 Edit/New Layer Dialog Box..........................................................594 LEADER................................................................................................594 LENGTHEN..........................................................................................598 LIGHT...................................................................................................601 Lights Dialog Box.........................................................................601 New or Modify Point Light Dialog Box.......................................603 New or Modify Distant Light Dialog Box....................................606 New or Modify Spotlight Dialog Box...........................................608 Contents | ix North Location Dialog Box..........................................................610 Shadow Options Dialog Box........................................................611 Sun Angle Calculator Dialog Box.................................................612 Geographic Location Dialog Box.................................................614 LIMITS..................................................................................................615 LINE......................................................................................................615 LINETYPE.............................................................................................617 Linetype Manager.........................................................................617 Load or Reload Linetypes Dialog Box..........................................620 LINETYPE Command Line...........................................................621 LIST.......................................................................................................623 LOAD....................................................................................................623 LOGFILEOFF.........................................................................................624 LOGFILEON.........................................................................................624 LSEDIT..................................................................................................624 Landscape Edit Dialog Box...........................................................625 LSLIB.....................................................................................................626 Landscape Library Dialog Box......................................................626 Landscape Library Edit Dialog Box..............................................627 LSNEW..................................................................................................629 Landscape New Dialog Box..........................................................629 LTSCALE...............................................................................................631 LWEIGHT.............................................................................................632 Lineweight Settings Dialog Box...................................................632 LWEIGHT Command Line...........................................................634 Chapter 14 MARKUP......................................................................637 Markup Set Manager............................................................................637 MARKUPCLOSE....................................................................................643 MASSPROP...........................................................................................643 MATCHCELL........................................................................................646 MATCHPROP.......................................................................................646 Property Settings Dialog Box........................................................647 MATLIB................................................................................................649 Materials Library Dialog Box........................................................649 Reconcile Imported Material Names Dialog Box.........................651 Reconcile Exported Material Names Dialog Box..........................652 MEASURE.............................................................................................653 MENU...................................................................................................655 MENULOAD.........................................................................................655 Load/Unload Customizations Dialog Box...................................655 MENULOAD Command Line.......................................................656 MENUUNLOAD...................................................................................656 MINSERT..............................................................................................656 MIRROR................................................................................................663 MIRROR3D...........................................................................................664 x | Contents MLEDIT................................................................................................667 Multiline Edit Tools Dialog Box...................................................667 MLEDIT Command Line..............................................................677 MLINE..................................................................................................678 MLSTYLE..............................................................................................681 Multiline Style Dialog Box...........................................................681 Create New Multiline Style Dialog Box........................................683 New, Modify Multiline Style Dialog Boxes..................................684 Load Multiline Styles Dialog Box.................................................688 MODEL.................................................................................................689 MOVE...................................................................................................689 MREDO.................................................................................................690 MSLIDE.................................................................................................691 MSPACE................................................................................................691 MTEDIT................................................................................................691 MTEXT.................................................................................................692 In-Place Text Editor .....................................................................692 Indents and Tabs Dialog Box.......................................................702 Background Mask Dialog Box......................................................702 Replace Dialog Box.......................................................................703 Stack Properties Dialog Box..........................................................704 AutoStack Properties Dialog Box..................................................706 MTEXT Command Line...............................................................707 Symbols and Special Characters...................................................711 MULTIPLE............................................................................................713 MVIEW.................................................................................................713 MVSETUP.............................................................................................718 MVSETUP on the Model Tab........................................................719 MVSETUP on a Layout Tab..........................................................719 Chapter 15 NETLOAD.....................................................................727 NEW.....................................................................................................727 Create New Drawing Dialog Box..................................................727 Quick Setup Wizard......................................................................730 Advanced Setup Wizard...............................................................732 NEW Command Line...................................................................734 NEWSHEETSET.....................................................................................734 Chapter 16 OFFSET.........................................................................737 OLELINKS.............................................................................................739 Links Dialog Box..........................................................................739 Convert Dialog Box......................................................................740 Change Icon Dialog Box..............................................................741 OLESCALE............................................................................................742 OLE Text Size Dialog Box.............................................................743 OOPS....................................................................................................743 Contents | xi OPEN....................................................................................................744 Standard File Selection Dialog Boxes...........................................745 Buzzsaw Location Shortcuts Dialog Box......................................749 Log In to Buzzsaw Dialog Box......................................................750 Create a Buzzsaw Location Shortcut Dialog Box.........................751 Edit a Buzzsaw Location Shortcut Dialog Box.............................751 Select a Buzzsaw Location Dialog Box.........................................752 Find Dialog Box............................................................................752 Add/Modify FTP Locations Dialog Box........................................755 Partial Open Dialog Box...............................................................756 OPEN Command Line..................................................................759 OPENDWFMARKUP.............................................................................759 OPENSHEETSET....................................................................................760 OPTIONS..............................................................................................760 Options Dialog Box......................................................................760 Files Tab (Options Dialog Box).............................................762 Display Tab (Options Dialog Box)........................................767 Open and Save Tab (Options Dialog Box)............................771 Plot and Publish Tab (Options Dialog Box).........................776 System Tab (Options Dialog Box)........................................780 User Preferences Tab (Options Dialog Box)..........................783 Drafting Tab (Options Dialog Box)......................................786 Selection Tab (Options Dialog Box).....................................789 Profiles Tab (Options Dialog Box)........................................793 Alternate Font Dialog Box............................................................795 Color Options Dialog Box............................................................796 Command Line Window Font Dialog Box..................................798 Thumbnail Preview Settings Dialog Box......................................799 Plot Style Table Settings Dialog Box............................................800 3D Graphics System Configuration Dialog Box..........................802 Right-Click Customization Dialog Box........................................802 Field Update Settings Dialog Box.................................................804 Visual Effect Settings Dialog Box.................................................805 Advanced Preview Options Dialog Box.......................................806 Add Profile Dialog Box.................................................................807 Change Profile Dialog Box...........................................................808 Transparency Dialog Box.............................................................808 ORTHO.................................................................................................808 OSNAP..................................................................................................809 Chapter 17 PAGESETUP.................................................................811 Page Setup Manager.............................................................................811 New Page Setup Dialog Box.................................................................815 Page Setup Dialog Box..........................................................................816 Changes to a Printer Configuration File Dialog Box (Page Setup).................................................................................................824 xii | Contents Import Page Setups Dialog Box............................................................824 PAN.......................................................................................................825 Panning in Real Time...................................................................826 PAN Command Line....................................................................827 Pan Shortcut Menu.......................................................................827 PARTIALOAD.......................................................................................828 Partial Load Dialog Box................................................................828 PARTIALOAD Command Line.....................................................831 PARTIALOPEN......................................................................................833 PASTEASHYPERLINK............................................................................835 PASTEBLOCK........................................................................................835 PASTECLIP............................................................................................835 PASTEORIG..........................................................................................836 PASTESPEC...........................................................................................836 Paste Special Dialog Box...............................................................837 PCINWIZARD.......................................................................................838 PEDIT....................................................................................................838 PFACE...................................................................................................854 PLAN.....................................................................................................855 PLINE....................................................................................................857 PLOT.....................................................................................................863 Plot Dialog Box.............................................................................864 Add Page Setup Dialog Box..........................................................875 Changes to a Printer Configuration File Dialog Box (Plot).........875 Plot Job Progress Dialog Box........................................................876 Update PC3 File with New Printer Dialog Box............................876 PLOT Command Line..................................................................878 PLOTSTAMP.........................................................................................882 Plot Stamp Dialog Box.................................................................882 User Defined Fields Dialog Box....................................................884 Advanced Options Dialog Box.....................................................884 PLOTSTAMP Command Line.......................................................887 PLOTSTYLE...........................................................................................889 Current Plot Style Dialog Box......................................................890 Select Plot Style Dialog Box..........................................................891 PLOTSTYLE Command Line........................................................892 PLOTTERMANAGER.............................................................................892 Add-a-Plotter Wizard....................................................................893 Plotter Configuration Editor........................................................893 General Tab (Plotter Configuration Editor).........................894 Ports Tab (Plotter Configuration Editor)..............................896 Device and Document Settings Tab (Plotter Configuration Editor)........................................................897 Configure LPT Port Dialog Box....................................................906 Settings for COM Port Dialog Box...............................................906 Advanced Settings for COM Port Dialog Box..............................907 Contents | xiii PNGOUT..............................................................................................908 POINT...................................................................................................909 POLYGON............................................................................................910 PREVIEW..............................................................................................912 PROPERTIES.........................................................................................914 Properties Palette..........................................................................915 General Properties of Objects.......................................................917 Cell Border Properties Dialog Box................................................919 Add Distance or Angle Value Dialog Box.....................................920 PROPERTIESCLOSE..............................................................................920 PSETUPIN.............................................................................................920 PSETUPIN Command Line...........................................................921 PSPACE.................................................................................................921 PUBLISH...............................................................................................921 Publish Dialog Box.......................................................................922 Publish Options Dialog Box.........................................................926 Publish Block Template Dialog Box (Publish)..............................929 Block Template Options Dialog Box (Publish).............................930 Changes to a Printer Configuration File Dialog Box (Publish).....................................................................................930 DWF Password Dialog Box...........................................................931 Confirm DWF Password Dialog Box............................................931 Publish Job Progress Dialog Box...................................................931 PUBLISH Command Line.............................................................932 PUBLISHTOWEB..................................................................................932 Publish to Web Wizard................................................................933 PURGE..................................................................................................933 Purge Dialog Box..........................................................................933 PURGE Command Line................................................................935 Chapter 18 QCCLOSE.....................................................................937 QDIM....................................................................................................937 QLEADER..............................................................................................938 Leader Settings Dialog Box...........................................................940 QNEW..................................................................................................944 QSAVE..................................................................................................945 QSELECT..............................................................................................945 Quick Select Dialog Box...............................................................946 QTEXT..................................................................................................948 QUICKCALC........................................................................................948 QuickCalc Calculator...................................................................949 Variable Definition Dialog Box....................................................955 Category Definition Dialog Box...................................................956 QUIT.....................................................................................................956 Chapter 19 xiv | Contents RAY...............................................................................957 RECOVER.............................................................................................957 RECTANG.............................................................................................958 REDEFINE.............................................................................................960 REDO....................................................................................................960 REDRAW...............................................................................................961 REDRAWALL........................................................................................961 REFCLOSE.............................................................................................962 REFEDIT................................................................................................963 Reference Edit Dialog Box............................................................963 REFEDIT Command Line.............................................................966 REFSET..................................................................................................967 REGEN..................................................................................................968 REGENALL............................................................................................968 REGENAUTO........................................................................................969 REGION................................................................................................970 REINIT..................................................................................................970 Re-initialization Dialog Box.........................................................970 RENAME...............................................................................................971 Rename Dialog Box......................................................................971 RENAME Command Line.............................................................972 RENDER................................................................................................973 Render Dialog Box........................................................................973 Render Window............................................................................976 Windows Render Options Dialog Box.........................................978 RENDSCR.............................................................................................980 REPLAY.................................................................................................980 Image Specifications Dialog Box..................................................981 RESETBLOCK........................................................................................982 RESUME................................................................................................982 REVCLOUD..........................................................................................983 REVOLVE..............................................................................................984 REVSURF...............................................................................................986 RMAT....................................................................................................989 Materials Dialog Box....................................................................989 New or Modify Standard Material Dialog Box.............................991 Adjust Material Bitmap Placement Dialog Box............................995 New or Modify Granite Material Dialog Box...............................997 New or Modify Marble Material Dialog Box................................999 New or Modify Wood Material Dialog Box...............................1001 Attach by AutoCAD Color Index Dialog Box............................1002 Attach by Layer Dialog Box........................................................1003 ROTATE..............................................................................................1004 ROTATE3D.........................................................................................1005 RPREF.................................................................................................1010 Rendering Preferences Dialog Box.............................................1010 Render Options Dialog Box........................................................1014 Contents | xv Photo Real Render Options Dialog Box.....................................1015 Photo Raytrace Render Options Dialog Box..............................1018 File Output Configuration Dialog Box.......................................1021 RSCRIPT..............................................................................................1022 RULESURF..........................................................................................1023 Chapter 20 SAVE...........................................................................1025 SAVEAS...............................................................................................1025 Save to Earlier Versions..............................................................1026 Template Description Dialog Box..............................................1026 Saveas Options Dialog Box.........................................................1027 SAVEAS Command Line.............................................................1029 SAVEIMG............................................................................................1029 Save Image Dialog Box...............................................................1030 TGA Options Dialog Box............................................................1032 TIFF Options Dialog Box............................................................1032 SCALE.................................................................................................1033 SCALELISTEDIT..................................................................................1033 Edit Scale List Dialog Box...........................................................1034 Add Scale Dialog Box..................................................................1035 Edit Scale Dialog Box..................................................................1036 SCALELISTEDIT Command Line................................................1037 SCALETEXT........................................................................................1037 SCENE.................................................................................................1039 Scenes Dialog Box.......................................................................1039 New Scene Dialog Box................................................................1039 Modify Scene Dialog Box...........................................................1040 SCRIPT................................................................................................1041 SECTION............................................................................................1042 SECURITYOPTIONS...........................................................................1045 Security Options Dialog Box......................................................1045 Confirm Password Dialog Box...................................................1047 Advanced Options Dialog Box...................................................1047 SELECT...............................................................................................1048 SETIDROPHANDLER..........................................................................1052 Set Default i-drop Content Type Dialog Box.............................1052 i-drop Options Dialog Box.........................................................1053 SETUV.................................................................................................1053 Mapping Dialog Box...................................................................1053 Adjust Planar Coordinates Dialog Box.......................................1055 Adjust Cylindrical Coordinates Dialog Box...............................1057 Adjust Spherical Coordinates Dialog Box..................................1058 Adjust UVW Coordinates Dialog Box........................................1060 Adjust Object Bitmap Placement Dialog Box............................1061 SETVAR...............................................................................................1063 SHADEMODE.....................................................................................1064 xvi | Contents SHAPE.................................................................................................1065 SHEETSET...........................................................................................1066 Sheet Set Manager......................................................................1066 Sheet List Tab......................................................................1067 View List Tab......................................................................1070 Resource Drawings Tab.......................................................1072 Subset Properties Dialog Box......................................................1073 Select Layout as Sheet Template Dialog Box..............................1075 New Sheet Dialog Box................................................................1075 Rename & Renumber Sheet Dialog Box.....................................1077 Rename & Renumber View Dialog Box.....................................1078 Import Layouts as Sheets Dialog Box.........................................1078 Insert Sheet List Table Dialog Box..............................................1079 Sheet Set Properties Dialog Box..................................................1081 Sheet Set Custom Properties Dialog Box....................................1082 Add Custom Property Dialog Box..............................................1083 Resource Drawing Locations Dialog Box...................................1083 Sheet Properties Dialog Box.......................................................1084 New Sheet Selection Dialog Box................................................1085 Sheet Selections Dialog Box.......................................................1086 View Category Dialog Box.........................................................1087 List of Blocks Dialog Box............................................................1087 Select Block Dialog Box..............................................................1088 SHEETSETHIDE..................................................................................1089 SHELL.................................................................................................1090 SHOWMAT.........................................................................................1090 SIGVALIDATE.....................................................................................1090 Validate Digital Signatures Dialog Box......................................1091 Digital Signature Contents Dialog Box......................................1092 SKETCH..............................................................................................1094 SLICE..................................................................................................1095 SNAP...................................................................................................1100 SOLDRAW..........................................................................................1103 SOLID.................................................................................................1104 SOLIDEDIT.........................................................................................1105 SOLPROF............................................................................................1120 SOLVIEW............................................................................................1123 SPACETRANS......................................................................................1130 SPELL..................................................................................................1130 Check Spelling Dialog Box.........................................................1131 Change Dictionaries Dialog Box................................................1132 SPHERE...............................................................................................1134 SPLINE................................................................................................1134 SPLINEDIT..........................................................................................1137 STANDARDS.......................................................................................1144 Configure Standards Dialog Box................................................1145 Contents | xvii CAD Standards Settings Dialog Box...........................................1147 STATS..................................................................................................1148 Statistics Dialog Box...................................................................1148 STATUS...............................................................................................1150 STLOUT..............................................................................................1152 STRETCH............................................................................................1153 STYLE..................................................................................................1154 Text Style Dialog Box.................................................................1154 STYLE Command Line...............................................................1158 STYLESMANAGER..............................................................................1159 Add-a-Plot-Style-Table Wizard...................................................1159 Plot Style Table Editor................................................................1160 General Tab (Plot Style Table Editor).................................1161 Table View and Form View Tabs (Plot Style Table Editor)..............................................................................1162 Edit Lineweights Dialog Box......................................................1166 SUBTRACT..........................................................................................1167 SYSWINDOWS...................................................................................1168 Chapter 21 TABLE.........................................................................1171 Insert Table Dialog Box......................................................................1171 TABLE Command Line.......................................................................1173 TABLEDIT...........................................................................................1175 TABLEEXPORT...................................................................................1175 TABLESTYLE.......................................................................................1175 Table Style Dialog Box................................................................1176 Create New Table Style Dialog Box............................................1177 New and Modify Table Style Dialog Boxes................................1177 TABLET...............................................................................................1181 TABSURF.............................................................................................1185 TASKBAR............................................................................................1187 TEXT...................................................................................................1187 Text Shortcut Menu...................................................................1193 Special Unicode Characters........................................................1193 Control Codes and Special Characters.......................................1194 TEXT and the TEXTEVAL System Variable................................1195 TEXTSCR............................................................................................1195 TEXTTOFRONT..................................................................................1196 TIFOUT...............................................................................................1196 TIME...................................................................................................1197 TINSERT..............................................................................................1198 Insert a Block in a Table Cell Dialog Box...................................1198 TOLERANCE.......................................................................................1199 Geometric Tolerance Dialog Box...............................................1199 Symbol Dialog Box.....................................................................1202 Material Condition Dialog Box..................................................1204 xviii | Contents TOOLBAR...........................................................................................1204 TOOLBAR Command Line.........................................................1204 TOOLPALETTES..................................................................................1206 View Options Dialog Box...........................................................1209 Tool Properties Dialog Box.........................................................1209 Add Actions Dialog Box.............................................................1211 TOOLPALETTESCLOSE......................................................................1212 TORUS................................................................................................1212 TRACE................................................................................................1213 TRANSPARENCY................................................................................1214 TRAYSETTINGS..................................................................................1214 Tray Settings Dialog Box............................................................1215 TREESTAT...........................................................................................1215 TRIM...................................................................................................1216 Chapter 22 U.................................................................................1221 UCS.....................................................................................................1221 UCSICON...........................................................................................1229 UCS Icon Dialog Box..................................................................1231 UCSMAN............................................................................................1232 UCS Dialog Box..........................................................................1233 Orthographic UCS Depth Dialog Box........................................1238 UCS Details Dialog Box..............................................................1238 UNDEFINE..........................................................................................1239 UNDO.................................................................................................1240 UNION...............................................................................................1242 UNITS.................................................................................................1243 Drawing Units Dialog Box.........................................................1243 Direction Control Dialog Box....................................................1245 UNITS Command Line...............................................................1247 UPDATEFIELD....................................................................................1248 UPDATETHUMBSNOW......................................................................1248 Chapter 23 VBAIDE......................................................................1249 VBALOAD...........................................................................................1249 AutoCAD Macro Virus Protection Dialog Box...........................1249 VBAMAN............................................................................................1250 VBA Manager..............................................................................1251 VBARUN.............................................................................................1253 Macros Dialog Box......................................................................1253 Select Project Dialog Box............................................................1255 VBA Options Dialog Box............................................................1255 VBARUN Command Line...........................................................1256 VBASTMT...........................................................................................1257 VBAUNLOAD.....................................................................................1257 VIEW..................................................................................................1257 Contents | xix View Dialog Box.........................................................................1258 New View Dialog Box.................................................................1261 View Details Dialog Box.............................................................1262 VIEW Command Line................................................................1264 VIEWPLOTDETAILS...........................................................................1266 Plot and Publish Details Dialog Box..........................................1266 Plot and Publish Status Bar Icon Shortcut Menu.......................1268 VIEWRES............................................................................................1269 VLISP..................................................................................................1270 VPCLIP...............................................................................................1270 VPLAYER............................................................................................1271 VPMAX...............................................................................................1273 VPMIN................................................................................................1273 VPOINT..............................................................................................1273 VPORTS..............................................................................................1275 Viewports Dialog Box.................................................................1275 VPORTS Command Line............................................................1279 VPORTS Command Line - Model Space Viewports...........1279 VPORTS Command Line - Layout Viewports.....................1281 VSLIDE...............................................................................................1283 VTOPTIONS........................................................................................1284 View Transitions Dialog Box......................................................1284 Chapter 24 WBLOCK....................................................................1287 Write Block Dialog Box......................................................................1287 WBLOCK Command Line..................................................................1289 WEDGE...............................................................................................1290 WHOHAS............................................................................................1293 WIPEOUT...........................................................................................1294 WMFIN...............................................................................................1295 WMFOPTS..........................................................................................1299 WMF In Options Dialog Box......................................................1299 WMFOUT...........................................................................................1300 WORKSPACE......................................................................................1300 WSSETTINGS......................................................................................1301 Workspace Settings Dialog Box..................................................1301 WSSAVE..............................................................................................1302 Save Workspace Dialog Box.......................................................1302 Chapter 25 XATTACH..................................................................1305 External Reference Dialog Box...........................................................1305 XBIND................................................................................................1308 Xbind Dialog Box.......................................................................1309 XBIND Command Line..............................................................1310 XCLIP.................................................................................................1310 XLINE.................................................................................................1312 xx | Contents XOPEN...............................................................................................1315 XPLODE.............................................................................................1315 XREF...................................................................................................1317 Xref Manager..............................................................................1318 Bind Xrefs Dialog Box................................................................1321 XREF Command Line.................................................................1322 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 ZOOM.........................................................................1325 Zoom Shortcut Menu.........................................................................1329 Coordinate Filters (Command Modifier).................1331 Direct Distance Entry (Command Modifier).....................................1331 FROM (Command Modifier)..............................................................1331 MTP (Command Modifier)................................................................1332 TRACKING (Command Modifier)......................................................1332 Object Snaps (Command Modifier)...................................................1333 Selection Modes (Command Modifier)..............................................1333 Chapter 28 ACADLSPASDOC.......................................................1335 ACADPREFIX .....................................................................................1336 ACADVER...........................................................................................1336 ACISOUTVER.....................................................................................1336 ADCSTATE..........................................................................................1336 AFLAGS...............................................................................................1336 ANGBASE...........................................................................................1337 ANGDIR..............................................................................................1337 APBOX................................................................................................1337 APERTURE..........................................................................................1337 AREA...................................................................................................1338 ASSISTSTATE......................................................................................1338 ATTDIA...............................................................................................1338 ATTMODE..........................................................................................1338 ATTREQ..............................................................................................1339 AUDITCTL..........................................................................................1339 AUNITS...............................................................................................1339 AUPREC..............................................................................................1339 AUTOSNAP.........................................................................................1340 BACKGROUNDPLOT.........................................................................1340 BACKZ................................................................................................1341 BACTIONCOLOR...............................................................................1341 BDEPENDENCYHIGHLIGHT.............................................................1341 BGRIPOBJCOLOR...............................................................................1342 BGRIPOBJSIZE....................................................................................1342 BINDTYPE..........................................................................................1342 BLIPMODE.........................................................................................1342 Contents | xxi Introduction The Command Reference, a comprehensive guide to AutoCAD® commands, lists all AutoCAD commands in alphabetical order. In addition to the command listings, the Command Reference covers several topics in the appendixes: command aliases, system variables, dimension variables, utilities, standard libraries, graphical database objects, and Unicode fonts. The index for the Command Reference is at the end of Volume II. Using AutoCAD Documentation In addition to this Command Reference, several other resources are available to help you learn and use AutoCAD. The complete documentation set for AutoCAD is online. You can access it from the Help menu. NOTE For the latest documentation corrections and additions, refer to the Readme file. Using This Reference The Command Reference provides detailed information on all commands, command options, and system variables. The explanations reflect the default AutoCAD system variable settings and the default prototype drawing. If you change system variable settings, the prompts on your screen might differ from what you see here. For example, the setting of the FILEDIA system variable governs whether you work in a dialog box or on the command line when you use certain commands. See appendix B, "System Variables". Executing Commands The process of executing a command begins by starting the command, using one of several methods. For some commands, such as REGEN, no further action is required. For other commands, you must respond by providing additional information or actions in order to complete the command. Using AutoCAD Documentation | 1 As you work with commands, note that right-clicking in the drawing area either acts as ENTER or displays a shortcut menu. You can control this behavior in the Options dialog box or with the SHORTCUTMENU system variable. Starting Commands You can start a command by doing one of the following: Select the command from a menu, toolbar, status bar, or shortcut menu. Enter the command name or command alias at the Command prompt and press ENTER or SPACEBAR . In this Command Reference, near the beginning of each command description is a command access section, listing the specific ways you can start that command. For example, following is the command access section for the PAN command: Standard toolbar: View menu: Pan Realtime Shortcut menu: With no objects selected, right-click in the drawing area, and choose Pan. Command line: pan (or 'pan for transparent use) The availability of certain shortcut menus depends on the current setting of the SHORTCUTMENU system variable. The instructions in the command access sections assume that you have made the indicated menu available. You can exit a command at any time by pressing ESC . Using Transparent Commands In many cases, you can start a command while using another command. The command you start is called a transparent command. For example, to turn on the grid while drawing a line, you can start the GRID command transparently by preceding the command with an apostrophe. Two right angle brackets (>>) precede prompts for transparent commands. Command: line Specify first point: 'grid >>Specify grid spacing(X) or [ON/OFF/Snap/Aspect] : on Resuming LINE command Specify first point: 2 | Chapter 1 In the Command Reference, the command access sections identify commands that you can use transparently. Suppressing Dialog Boxes Many commands provide both command line and dialog box interfaces. In most cases, when both a command line and dialog box interface are available, the command line version is preceded with a hyphen character. For example, the command line version of GROUP is -GROUP. You can also control the display of file dialog boxes through the FILEDIA system variable. See appendix B, "System Variables". Responding to Prompts If a command does not immediately execute, AutoCAD either displays a dialog box or displays prompts on the command line requesting more information. Command line prompts are structured as follows: Command: commandname Current settings: Setting1 Setting2 Setting3 Instructional text [Option1/oPtion2/opTion3/...] : The optional current value line displays the current settings for the command or for system variables related to the command. The succeeding prompts identify the type of input required to complete the command and, when applicable, list the available options in straight brackets and a default option or value in angle brackets. In some cases, AutoCAD determines default options and values based on the option or value that you last specified, or based on the settings of certain system variables. Typically, the first word of a prompt indicates the type of action you can take. Most command line prompts begin with the wordenter, select, or specify. These words indicate how you can respond to the prompt. Terminology in command line prompts If the prompt starts with... Select Enter Specify You can... Select objects on the screen using your pointing device. Enter text on the command line. Use your pointing device or enter text on the command line to select a point location on the screen. Using This Reference | 3 Selecting Options on the Command Line To select one of the options contained within the straight brackets, you can enter the entire option name or only the capitalized letters, and then press ENTER or SPACEBAR . To select the default option enclosed in angle brackets (<>), if available, press ENTER or SPACEBAR . You can also choose command options from a shortcut menu by right-clicking in the drawing area while the command is active. The options available on the command line appear in the shortcut menu. For information about how to enable or disable this shortcut menu, see "Shortcut Menus" in the User's Guide. Entering Data on the Command Line Some prompts ask you to enter data, rather than (or as an alternative to) choosing an option. To do so, enter the text on the command line and press ENTER or SPACEBAR . However, be aware that when the command line prompt requests an object name, SPACEBAR inserts a space on the command line rather than acting as ENTER . This allows for the support of extended symbol names. Just as default command options are often provided, prompts may include default values, enclosed in angle brackets (<>), when data is requested. For example, the POLYGON command displays the following prompt, suggesting 4 as the number of sides for your polygon: Command: polygon Enter number of sides <4>: To accept the default value, press ENTER or SPACEBAR . Using Wild-Card Characters on the Command Line When the prompt directions ask for a name list, such as a block name, variable name, named view, and so on, you can use wild-card characters to specify names. See the table in "Filter and Sort the List of Layers" in the User's Guide. Repeating Commands If no command is active, you can repeat the previous command by pressing ENTER or SPACEBAR or by right-clicking in the drawing area and choosing the Repeat Command Name option from the shortcut menu. Accessing Recently Used Commands You can access the six most recently used commands from a shortcut menu by right-clicking in the command window and choosing Recent Commands. 4 | Chapter 1 References to Other Sections At the end of most command descriptions, you'll find a section called "See Also." This section includes references to chapters in other AutoCAD guides and other AutoCAD commands and system variables related to the current command. Typographical Conventions To orient you to AutoCAD features as they appear on the screen, specific terms are set in typefaces that distinguish them from the body text. Throughout AutoCAD documentation, the following conventions are used. Typographical conventions Text element Example AutoCAD commands ADCENTER, DBCONNECT, SAVE AutoCAD system variables DIMBLK, DWGNAME, LTSCALE AutoCAD named-objects, such as linetypes and styles DASHDOT, STANDARD Prompts Instructions after prompt sequences File names and file name extensions Folder or directory names Text you enter Keys you press on the keyboard Keys you press simultaneously on the keyboard AutoLISP variable names, sample code, and text in ASCII files AutoLISP and DIESEL function names Formal arguments specified in function definitions Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Select objects: Use an object selection method acad.exe, Readme file, .dwg file extension Sample folder, c:\autocad 2002\support At the Command prompt, enter shape. CTRL , F10 , ESC , ENTER CTRL + C The variable pi is preset to a value of pi ***POP1 command ads_command( ) The string and mode arguments Typographical Conventions | 5 6 3D Creates three-dimensional polygon mesh objects in common geometric shapes that can be hidden, shaded, or rendered Draw menu: Surfaces 3D Surfaces Command line: 3d Enter an option [Box/Cone/Dish/Dome/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: Box Creates a 3D box polygon mesh. Specify corner point of box: Specify length of box: Specify a distance Specify width of box or [Cube]: Specify a distance or enter c length width Width Specifies the width of the box. Enter a distance or specify a point relative to the corner point of the box. height angle Specify height of box: Specify a distance Specify rotation angle of box about the Z axis or [Reference]: Specify an angle or enter r | 7 Rotation Angle Rotates the box about the first corner specified. If you enter 0, the box remains orthogonal to the current X and Y axes. Reference Aligns the box with other objects in the drawing or relative to an angle you specify. The base point for the rotation is the first corner of the box. Specify the reference angle <0>: Specify a point, enter an angle, or press ENTER You can define a reference angle by specifying two points or an angle from the X axis on the XY plane. For example, you can rotate the box to align two specified points on the box with a point on another object. After defining a reference angle, specify a point for the reference angle to align with. The box then rotates around the first corner relative to the angle of rotation specified for the reference angle. If you enter 0 as a reference angle, the new angle alone determines the rotation of the box. Specify the new angle: Specify a point or enter an angle To specify the new angle of rotation, specify a point relative to the base point. The base point for the rotation is the first corner of the box. The box rotates by the angle between the reference angle and the new angle. If you want to align the box with another object, specify two points on the target object to define the new angle of rotation for the box. If the reference angle of rotation is 0, the box rotates the angular distance entered relative to the first corner of the box. Cube Creates a cube using the length for the width and height of the box. length Specify rotation angle of box about the Z axis or [Reference]: Specify an angle or enter r Rotation Angle Rotates the cube about the first corner of the box. If you enter 0, the box remains orthogonal to the current X and Y axes. 8 | Chapter 2 Reference Aligns the box with other objects in the drawing or relative to an angle you specify. The base point for the rotation is the first corner of the box. Specify the reference angle <0>: Specify a point, enter an angle, or press ENTER You can define a reference angle by specifying two points or an angle from the X axis on the XY plane. For example, you can rotate the box to align two specified points on the box with a point on another object. After defining a reference angle, specify a point for the reference angle to align with. The box then rotates around the first corner relative to the angle of rotation specified for the reference angle. If you enter 0 as a reference angle, the new angle alone determines the rotation of the box. Specify the new angle: Specify a point or enter an angle To specify the new angle of rotation, specify a point relative to the base point. The base point for the rotation is the first corner of the box. The box rotates the angular distance between the reference angle and the new angle. If you want to align the box with another object, specify two points on the target object to define the new angle of rotation for the box. If the reference angle of rotation is 0, the box rotates the angular distance entered relative to the first corner point of the box. Cone Creates a cone-shaped polygon mesh. 1 Specify center point for base of cone: Specify a point (1) Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d Radius for Base Defines the base of the cone by its radius. Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: Specify a distance, enter d , or press ENTER | 9 top radius height base radius Radius for Top Defines the top of the cone by its radius. A value of 0 produces a cone. A value greater than 0 produces a truncated cone. Specify height of cone: Specify a distance Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter for Top Defines the top of the cone by its diameter. A value of 0 produces a cone. A value greater than 0 produces a truncated cone. Specify diameter for top of cone <0>: Specify a distance or press ENTER Specify height of cone: Specify a distance Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter for Base Defines the base of the cone by its diameter. Specify diameter for base of cone: Specify a distance Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: Specify a distance, enter d , or press ENTER top diameter height base diameter 10 | Chapter 2 Radius for Top Defines the top of the cone by its radius. A value of 0 produces a cone. A value greater than 0 produces a truncated cone. Specify height of cone: Specify a distance Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter for Top Defines the top of the cone by its diameter. A value of 0 produces a cone. A value greater than 0 produces a truncated cone. Specify diameter for top of cone <0>: Specify a distance Specify height of cone: Specify a distance Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Dish Creates the lower half of a spherical polygon mesh. Specify center point of dish: Specify a point (1) Specify radius of dish or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d Radius Defines the dish by its radius. Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dish <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dish <8>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter Defines the dish by its diameter. Specify diameter of dish: Specify a distance Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dish <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dish <8>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER | 11 radius 1 diameter Dome Creates the upper half of a spherical polygon mesh. Specify center point of dome: Specify a point (1) Specify radius of dome or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d Radius Defines the dome by its radius. Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dome: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dome <8>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter Defines the dome by its diameter. Specify diameter of dome: Specify a distance Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dome <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dome <8>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER 1 radius diameter Mesh Creates a planar mesh whose M and N sizes determine the number of lines drawn in each direction along the mesh. The M and N directions are similar to the X and Y axes of an XY plane. 12 | Chapter 2 Specify first corner point of mesh: Specify a point (1) Specify second corner point of mesh: Specify a point (2) Specify third corner point of mesh: Specify a point (3) Specify fourth corner point of mesh: Specify a point (4) Enter mesh size in the M direction: Enter a value between 2 and 256 Enter mesh size in the N direction: Enter a value between 2 and 256 4 N=8 1 M=6 2 3 Pyramid Creates a pyramid or a tetrahedron. Specify first corner point for base of pyramid: Specify a point (1) Specify second corner point for base of pyramid: Specify a point (2) Specify third corner point for base of pyramid: Specify a point (3) Specify fourth corner point for base of pyramid or [Tetrahedron]: Specify a point (4) or enter t apex point 5 4 3 1 2 Fourth Corner Point Defines the fourth corner point of the base of a pyramid. Specify apex point of pyramid or [Ridge/Top]: Specify a point (5) or enter an option The Z value of the point specified determines the height for the pyramid's apex, top, or ridge line. Apex Point Defines the top of the pyramid as a point (apex). | 13 Ridge Defines the top of the pyramid as a ridge line. The two endpoints must lie in the same direction as the base points to prevent a self-intersecting wireframe. Specify first ridge end point of pyramid: Specify a point (1) Specify second ridge end point of pyramid: Specify a point (2) 1 ridge points 2 Top Defines the top of the pyramid as a rectangle. If the top points cross, they create a self-intersecting polygon mesh. Specify first corner point for top of pyramid: Specify a point Specify second corner point for top of pyramid: Specify a point Specify third corner point for top of pyramid: Specify a point Specify fourth corner point for top of pyramid: Specify a point Tetrahedron Creates a tetrahedral polygon mesh. Specify apex point of tetrahedron or [Top]: Specify a point or enter t Apex Point Defines the top of the tetrahedron as a point (apex). Top Defines the top of the tetrahedron as a triangle. If the top points cross, they create a self-intersecting polygon mesh. Specify first corner point for top of tetrahedron: Specify a point (1) Specify second corner point for top of tetrahedron: Specify a point (2) Specify third corner point for top of tetrahedron: Specify a point (3) 14 | Chapter 2 top points 1 3 2 Sphere Creates a spherical polygon mesh. Specify center point of sphere: Specify a point (1) Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d 1 Radius Defines the sphere by its radius. Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER radius Diameter Defines the sphere by its diameter. Specify diameter of sphere: Specify a distance | 15 Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER diameter Torus Creates a toroidal polygon mesh that is parallel to the XY plane of the current UCS. Specify center point of torus: Specify a point (1) Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d 1 torus radius The radius of the torus is measured from its center point to its outside edge, not to the center of the tube. Radius Defines the torus by its radius. torus radius tube radius Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d The radius of the tube of the torus is measured from the center of the tube to the outside edge of the tube. 16 | Chapter 2 Radius Defines the tube by its radius. Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter Defines the tube by its diameter. Specify diameter of tube: Specify a distance Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter Defines the torus by its diameter. torus diameter tube diameter Specify diameter of torus: Specify a distance Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d The radius of the tube of the torus is measured from the center of the tube to the outside edge of the tube. Radius Defines the tube by its radius. Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Diameter Defines the tube by its diameter. Specify diameter of tube: Specify a distance | 17 Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: Enter a value greater than 1 or press ENTER Wedge Creates a right-angle, wedge-shaped polygon mesh with a sloped face tapering along the X axis. Specify corner point of wedge: Specify a point (1) Specify length of wedge: Specify a distance Specify width of wedge: Specify a distance Specify height of wedge: Specify a distance Specify rotation angle of wedge about the Z axis: Specify an angle The base point for the rotation is the corner point of the wedge. If you enter 0, the wedge remains orthogonal to the current UCS plane. height 1 length width 3DARRAY Creates a three-dimensional array Modify menu: 3D Operation 3D Array Command line: 3darray Select objects: Use an object selection method object selected The entire selection set is treated as a single element in the array. Enter type of array [Rectangular Array/Polar Array] : Enter an option or press ENTER 18 | Chapter 2 levels columns rows Rectangular Array Copies objects in a matrix of rows (X axis), columns (Y axis), and levels (Z axis). An array must have at least two rows or two columns or two levels. Enter the number of rows (--) <1>: Enter a positive value or press ENTER Enter the number of columns ( | | | ) <1>: Enter a positive value or press ENTER Enter the number of levels ( . . . ) <1>: Enter a positive value or press ENTER Specifying one row requires that more than one column be specified, and vice versa. Specifying one level creates a two-dimensional array. If you specify more than one row, the following prompt is displayed: Specify the distance between rows (--): Specify a distance If you specify more than one column, the following prompt is displayed: Specify the distance between columns ( | | | ): Specify a distance If you specify more than one level, the following prompt is displayed: Specify the distance between levels ( . . . ): Specify a distance Positive values generate the array along the positive X, Y, and Z axes. Negative values generate the array along the negative X, Y, and Z axes. Polar Array Copies objects about an axis of rotation. Enter the number of items in the array: Enter a positive value Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: Specify an angle or press ENTER The specified angle determines how far the objects are arrayed about the axis of rotation. A positive number produces a counterclockwise array rotation. A negative number produces a clockwise array rotation. Rotate arrayed objects? [Yes/No] : Enter y or n , or press ENTER Entering y or pressing ENTER rotates each array element. Specify center point of array: Specify a point (1) Specify second point on axis of rotation: Specify a point (2) | 19 objects rotated objects not rotated 3DCLIP Starts the interactive 3D view and opens the Adjust Clipping Planes window 3D Orbit toolbar: Shortcut menu: Start the 3DORBIT command, right-click in the drawing area, and choose More Adjust Clipping Planes. Command line: 3dclip The Adjust Clipping Planes Window is displayed. Adjust Clipping Planes Window Shortcut menu: Start the 3DORBIT command, right-click in the drawing area, and choose More Adjust Clipping Planes. Command line: 3dclip Sets clipping planes for the display in 3D Orbit view. Use the Adjust Clipping Planes toolbar, or right-click in the Adjust Clipping Planes window and select an option from the Adjust Clipping Planes Shortcut Menu. Click the Close button in the upper-right corner of the window to see the effect of the clipping planes. As you rotate the view, different portions of the objects are clipped as they pass in and out of the clipping planes. To turn clipping planes off, right-click in the drawing area or the Adjust Clipping Planes window, and check or clear Front Clipping On and Back Clipping On. 20 | Chapter 2 Adjust Clipping Planes Shortcut Menu To choose any of the following options, right-click in the Adjust Clipping Planes window. Adjust Front Clipping Adjusts only the front clipping plane. The line near the bottom of the window adjusts the front clipping plane. If a check mark is displayed next to Front Clipping On, you can see the clipping in the 3D Orbit view as you move the line up or down. Adjust Back Clipping Adjusts only the back clipping plane. The line near the top of the window adjusts the back clipping plane. If a check mark is displayed next to Back Clipping On, you can see the clipping in the 3D Orbit view as you move the line up or down. Create Slice Causes the back and front clipping planes to move together, which shows you a "slice" of the objects in the 3D Orbit view. Adjust the front and back Adjust Clipping Planes Window | 21 clipping planes, and then choose Create Slice. You can then move the front and back clipping planes as one unit. Pan Displays the pan cursor, a hand cursor that you can use to pan the clipping plane. Hold down the pick button and drag the cursor in any direction. The pan cursor stays active until you click another button. Zoom Displays the zoom cursor, a magnifying-glass cursor that you can use to enlarge or reduce the clipping plane. To enlarge the image, hold down the pick button and drag the cursor toward the top of Adjust Clipping Planes window. To reduce the image, hold down the pick button and drag the cursor toward the bottom of the window. Front Clipping On Turns the front clipping plane on or off. A check mark indicates that the front clipping plane is on, and you can see the results of moving the line that adjusts the front clipping plane. Choose this option again to turn the front clipping plane off and remove the check mark. Back Clipping On Turns the back clipping plane on or off. A check mark indicates that the back clipping plane is on, and you can see the results of moving the line that adjusts the back clipping plane. Choose this option again to turn the back clipping plane off and remove the check mark. Reset Resets the the window and clipping plane to the extents of the drawing. 3DCONFIG 22 | Chapter 2 Provides a command-line interface to the 3D graphics system's configuration settings If you enter 3dconfig at the Command prompt, the following prompt is displayed on the command line: Enter option: [Adaptive Degradation/Dynamic Tesselation/Render Options/Geometry/Acceleration/Exit] : Enter the configuration you want to change or press ENTER to change adaptive degradation settings. You will stay in the 3DCONFIG command until you enter eXit or press ESC. Adaptive Degradation Specifies the display options to which the view can degrade to maintain the speed of the view manipulation. For example, if a large drawing is currently Gouraud shaded, you can select Wireframe to allow the drawing to degrade to a wireframe representation of the view. You can turn on one or more than one of the available options. If more than one option is turned on, the display changes to the most detailed option first and then degrades until it reaches the least detailed option. Configure: Adaptive Degradation Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want adaptive degradation turned on or off If Adaptive Degradation is turned on, you can specify the type. If no type is specified, then no degradation will occur. Current display options: Wireframe Bounding Box Enter option [Flat shaded/Wireframe/Bounding box/Maintain speed fps/eXit] : Specify the type of adaptive degradation you want to use Configure: Flat shaded Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want flat-shaded display turned on or off Configure: Wireframe Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want wireframe display turned on or off Configure: Bounding box Enter mode [ON/OFF] : S pecify whether you want bounding box display turned on or off Configure: Maintain speed fps Enter speed <5>: Enter a value between 1 and 60 to adjust the frame rate Flat Shaded Specifies that the display can change to flat shaded. Adjust Clipping Planes Window | 23 Wireframe Specifies that the display can change to wireframe. This uses less of the system resources and allows the drawing to move at a faster speed. Bounding Box Specifies that the display can change to a bounding box. A box is displayed in place of each object in your view. This choice requires the least amount of system resources. Maintain Speed FPS Specifies the display speed in frames per second. The drawing degrades to maintain the specified speed. Dynamic Tesselation Sets the options that determine the smoothness of the objects in a drawing. Objects are drawn using many short lines (or triangles when drawing spheres). These lines are called tessellation lines. Objects in your drawing appear smoother when you use more tessellation lines. Configure: Dynamic tessellation Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want dynamic tessellation turned on or off If Dynamic Tessellation is turned on, you can specify the number of surface tessellations, curve tessellations, or tessellations to cache. Configure: Dynamic tessellation Enter option [Surface tessellation/Curve tessellation/Tessellations to cache/eXit] : Specify the type of dynamic tessellation you want to use Configure: Surface tessellation Enter tolerance <88>: Enter a value between 0 and 100 Configure: Curve tessellation Enter tolerance <88>: Enter a value between 0 and 100 Configure: Tessellations to cache Enter number of tessellations to cache <3>: Enter a value between 1 and 10 Surface Tessellation Determines the amount of detail for surfaces in your drawing. The lower numbers provide less detail; the higher numbers provide more detail but use more tessellation lines and more memory. Curve Tessellation Determines the amount of detail for curves in your drawing. The lower numbers provide less detail; the higher numbers provide more detail but use more tessellation lines and more memory. 24 | Chapter 2 Number of Tessellations to Cache Configures your system according to memory and performance requirements. A cache is a special memory subsystem that stores frequently accessed information. The 3D cache always stores at least one tessellation. When the number of tessellations to cache is set to 1, the tessellation for all viewports is the same and may cause some objects in the drawing to be regenerated as you zoom in and out. Setting the number of tessellations to cache to 2 or more is useful when you have more than one viewport with different views. Increasing the number requires more memory. Render Options Makes settings available for enhancing the display of lights, materials, textures, and transparency in 3D views. This includes objects in the 3D Orbit view and objects shaded using the SHADEMODE command. Configure: Render options Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want to turn on render options Configure: Render options Enter option [Lights/Materials/Backgrounds/eXit] : Specify whether you want to configure lights, materials, or backgrounds Configure: Lights Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want lights turned on or off Configure: Materials Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want materials turned on or off Configure: Backgrounds Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want backgrounds turned on or off If Render Options is turned on, you can specify if you want lights, materials, and backgrounds turned on or off. Lights In 3D views, illuminates objects and attached materials by lights that were defined with the LIGHT command. If this option is not selected, or if the LIGHT command has not been used for the drawing, then the default lighting for 3D views is used. Materials In 3D views, displays materials for objects that have materials that were attached using the RMAT command. If the object has no attached material, the default global material is used. If this option is not selected, or if the RMAT command has not been used in the drawing, then no materials are displayed. Adjust Clipping Planes Window | 25 Backgrounds Specifies that backgrounds will be displayed in 3D views while navigating and editing. Configure: Textures Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want textures turned on or off Configure: Transparency Enter mode [Low/Medium/High] : Select a transparency level If Materials is turned on, you can also configure textures and transparency. Enable Textures In 3D views, shows textures attached to objects using the RMAT and SETUV commands. Materials must also be turned on for textures to be visible. Transparency Adjusts the transparency quality to improve image quality, but at the expense of redraw time. At the low-quality setting, a screen-door effect achieves transparency without sacrificing speed. At the medium-quality setting, blending improves image quality. At the high-quality setting, blending and extra processing produce an image free of visual artifacts, but at the cost of drawing speed. Materials must also be turned on for transparency to be visible. Geometry Determines how to display isolines in 3D and whether to display back faces in 3D. Configure: Geometry Enter option [Isolines on top/Discard backfaces] : Specify an option to configure Configure: Isolines on top Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want isolines on top Configure: Discard backfaces Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Specify whether you want back faces to be discarded Isolines on Top Displays isolines for front and back faces in all shade modes except Hidden. Isolines for the back faces are displayed on top of the shading for the objects in 3D. Turning this option off hides the isolines for the back faces. Discard Back Faces Discards back faces when drawing objects. You cannot see the effect of discarding back faces on some objects, such as spheres, because you cannot 26 | Chapter 2