SR-281 / SR-282 Scientific Calculator General Guide.................................................................................... 2 Turning on or off .............................................................................. 2 Battery replacement......................................................................... 2 Auto power-off function.................................................................... 2 Reset operation ............................................................................... 2 Contrast adjustment......................................................................... 3 Display readout................................................................................ 3 Before Starting Calculation .............................................................. 4 Using " MODE " keys....................................................................... 4 Using " 2nd " Keys........................................................................... 4 Corrections ...................................................................................... 4 Undo function .................................................................................. 4 Replay function................................................................................ 5 Memory calculation.......................................................................... 5 Order of operations.......................................................................... 6 Accuracy and Capacity .................................................................... 7 Error conditions ............................................................................... 9 Basic Calculations ............................................................................ 9 Arithmetic calculation..................................................................... 10 Parentheses calculations............................................................... 10 Percentage calculation .................................................................. 11 Display notations ........................................................................... 11 Scientific Functional Calculations ................................................. 13 Logarithms and Antilogarithms ...................................................... 13 Fraction calculation ....................................................................... 13 Angle unit conversions .................................................................. 14 Sexagesimal Decimal transformation........................................ 15 Trigonometric / Inverse-Tri. functions ............................................ 15 Hyperbolic / Inverse-Hyp. functions............................................... 16 Coordinates transformation ........................................................... 16 Probability...................................................................................... 17 2 3 y Other functions ( 1/x, , 3 , X , x , x , x , INT, FRAC ) ........ 18 Unit Conversion ............................................................................. 19 Physics constants .......................................................................... 19 Base­n calculations........................................................................ 24 Bases conversions ........................................................................ 25 Block Function ............................................................................... 25 Basic arithmetic operations for bases............................................ 27 Negative expressions .................................................................... 27 Logical operation ........................................................................... 27 Statistical Calculations ................................................................... 27 Entering data ................................................................................. 28 -E1- Displaying results .......................................................................... 28 Deleting data ................................................................................. 31 Editing data.................................................................................... 32 FULL message............................................................................... 32 Complex Calculations..................................................................... 33 General Guide Turning on or off To turn the calculator on, press [ ON/C ] ; To turn the calculator off, press [ 2nd ] [ OFF ]. Battery replacement SR-281 is powered by two alkaline batteries (GP76A or LR44). SR-282 is powered two AA-size ( UM-3 ) batteries. If the display becomes dim and difficult to read, the batteries should be replaced as soon as possible. To replace batteries : 1) 2) Slide the battery compartment cover in the direction indicated by the arrow and remove it. Remove the old batteries and install new ones with polarity in correct directions, then replace the battery compartment cover and press [ ON/C ]. Auto power-off function This calculator automatically turns it off when not operated for approximately 6~9 minutes. It can be reactivated by pressing [ ON/C ] key and the display, memory, settings are retained. Reset operation If the calculator is on but you get unexpected results, press [ MODE ] [ 4 ] ( RESET ) in sequence. A message appears on the display to confirm whether you want to reset the calculator and clear memory contents. RESET : N Y Move the cursor to " Y " by [ ], then press [ ] to clear all variables, pending operations, statistical data, answers, all previous entries, and memory; To cancel the reset operation without clearing the calculator, please choose " N ". If the calculator is lock and further key operations becomes impossible, please press [ 0 ] [ CE ] at the same time to release the condition. It will return all settings to default settings. -E2- Contrast adjustment Pressing the [ ­ ] or [ + ] following [ MODE ] key can make the contrast of the screen lighter or darker. Holding either key down will make the display become respectively lighter or darker. Display readout The display comprises two lines and indicators. The upper line is a dot display up to 128 characters. The lower line is capable of displaying a result of up to 12 digits, as well as 2-digits positive or negative exponent. ], When formulas are input and executed the calculation by [ they are displayed on the upper line, and then results are shown on the lower line. The following indictors appear on the display to indicate you the current status of the calculator. Indicator M ­ E STO RCL 2nd HYP ENG CPLX CONST DEGRAD BIN OCT HEX () TAB STAT REG EDIT CPK USL LSL i Meaning Running memory Result is negative Error Storing variable mode is active Recalling variable mode is active 2nd set of function keys are active Hyperbolic-trig function will be calculated Engineering symbol notation Complex number mode is active Display physics constants Angle mode : DEGrees, GRADs, or RADs Binary base Octal base Hexadecimal base Open parentheses Number of decimal places displayed is fixed Statistics mode is active Regression mode is active Statistics data is being edited CPK : Process capability CP : Precision capability Set upper specification limit Setting lower specification limit Imaginary part Allow to use undo function -E3- Before Starting Calculation Using " MODE " keys Press [ MODE ] to display mode menus when specifying an operating mode ( " 1 MAIN ", " 2 STAT ", " 3 CPLX ", " 4 RESET " ) or the engineering symbol notation ( " 5 ENG " ). 1 MAIN : 2 STAT : Use this mode for basic calculations, including scientific calculations and Base­n calculations. Use this mode to perform single­variable and paired­variable statistical calculations and regression calculations. Use this mode to perform complex number calculation. Use this mode to allow engineering calculations utilizing engineering symbol. 3 CPLX : 5 ENG : 4 RESET : Use this mode to perform reset operation. Give " 2 STAT " as an example : Method 1 : Press [ MODE ] and then scroll through the menus using [ ] or [ 2nd ] [ ] until " 2 STAT " is underlined, then enter the desired mode by pressing [ ]. Method 2 : Press [ MODE ] and then key in directly the number of the mode, [ 2 ] , to enter the desired mode immediately. Using " 2nd " Keys When you press [ 2nd ], the " 2nd " indicator shown in the display is to tell you that you will be selecting the second function of the next key you press. If you press [ 2nd ] by mistake, simply press [ 2nd ] again to remove the " 2nd " indicator. Corrections If you have made a mistake when entering a number (but you have not yet pressed an arithmetic operator key), just press [ CE ] to clear the last entry then input it again, or delete individual digits by the backspace key [ ], or clear all entry by [ ON/C ]. After making corrections, input of the formula is complete, the answer can be obtained by pressing [ ]. You can also press [ ON/C ] to clear the immediate results completely (except clearing memory). If you press the wrong arithmetic operation key, just press the correct key to replace it. Undo function The unit offers an undo function which allows you to undo some of the errors you just have made. -E4- When a character which is just deleted by [ ], an entry which is just cleared [ CE ], or which is just cleared by [ ON/C ], the " " indicator ] to shown in the display is to tell you that you can press [ 2nd ] [ cancel the operation. Replay function This function stores operations that just have been executed. After execution is completed, pressing [ ] or [ 2nd ] [ ] key will display the operation executed. Pressing [ ] will display the operation from the beginning, with the cursor located under the first character. Pressing [ 2nd ] [ ] will display the operation from the end, with the cursor located at the space following the last character. You can continue moving the cursor by [ ] or [ 2nd ] [ ] and editing values or commands for subsequent execution. Memory calculation Memory variable The calculator has nine memory variables for repeated use -- A, B, C, D, E, F, M, X, Y. You can store a real number in any of the nine memory variables. · · · [ STO ] + [ A ] ~ [ F ], [ M ], [ X ] ~ [ Y ] lets you store values to variables. [ RCL ] + [ A ] ~ [ F ], [ M ], [ X ] ~ [ Y ] recalls the value of the variable. [ 0 ] [ STO ] + [ A ] ~ [ F ], [ M ], [ X ] ~ [ Y ] clears the content to a specified memory variable. (1) Put the value 30 into variable A 30 [ STO ] [ A ] 30 A 30. DEG (2) Multiple 5 to variable A, then put the result into variable B 5 [ x ] [ RCL ] [ A ] [ ] 5 A= 150. [ STO ] [ B ] 150 DEG DEG B 150. (3) Clear the value of variable B 0 [ STO ] [ B ] 0 B 0. DEG -E5- [ RCL ] [ B ] [ ] B= DEG 0. Running memory You should keep the following rules in mind when using running memory. · Press [ M+ ] to add a result to running memory and the " M " indicator appears when a number is stored in the memory. Press [ MR ] to recall the content of running memory. · Recalling from running memory by pressing [ MR ] key does not affect its contents . · Running memory is not available when you are in statistics mode. · The memory variable M and running memory utilize the same memory area. · In order to replace the content of the memory with the displayed number, please press [ X M ] key. · To clear the content of running memory, you can press [ 0 ] [ X M ], [ CE ] [ X M ] or [ 0 ] [ STO ] [ M ] in sequence. [ ( 3 x 5 ) + ( 56 0[X M] 7 ) + ( 74 ­ 8 x 7 ) ] = 41 DEG 0. 3 [ x ] 5 [ M+ ] 56 [ [ ­ ] 8 [ x ] 7 [ M+ ] ] 7 [ M+ ] 74 74­8 DEG 7 M+ 18. DEG M [ MR ] M M 0[X M] DEG 41. 0. (Note) : Besides pressing [ STO ] or [ X M ] key to store a value, you can also assign values to memory variable M by [ M+ ]. However, when [ STO ] [ M ] or [ X M ] is used, previous memory contents stored in variable M are cleared and replaced it with the newly assigned value. When [ M+ ] is used, values is added to present sum in memory. Order of operations Each calculation is performed in the following order of precedence: -E6- 1) 2) 3) 4) Fractions Expression inside parentheses. Coordinates transformation ( P R , R P ) Type A functions which are required entering values before 2 pressing the function key, for example, x ,1/x, , x!, %, RND, ENG, , , x ', y ' . x, y X 5) 6) Type B functions which are required pressing the function key ­1 ­1 ­1 before entering, for example, sin, cos, tan, sin , cos , tan , ­1 ­1 ­1 sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh , cosh , tanh , log, ln, FRAC, INT, , X X 3 , 10 , e , NOT, EXP, DATA in STAT mode. + / ­, NEG nPr, nCr x, 7) 8) 9) 10) +, ­ 11) AND, NAND ­-- only Base­n mode 12) OR, XOR, XNOR --- only Base­n mode Accuracy and Capacity Output digits : Up to 12 digits. Calculating digits : Up to 14 digits In general, every reasona ...