User manual D-LINK DES-3828P

User Manual Product Model : DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Release 1 ©Copyright 2005. All rights reserved. xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch _____________________________________________________________________________ Information in this document is subject to change without notice. © 2005 D-Link Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of D-Link Computer Corporation is strictly forbidden. Trademarks used in this text: D-Link and the D-LINK logo are trademarks of D-Link Computer Corporation; Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. D-Link Computer Corporation disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own. August 2005 P/N 651ES3828015G ii Table of Contents Preface.............................................................................................................................................................................. vii Intended Readers ............................................................................................................................................................. viii Typographical Conventions............................................................................................................................................. viii Notes, Notices, and Cautions........................................................................................................................................... viii Safety Instructions..............................................................................................................................................................ix Safety Cautions................................................................................................................................................................................. ix General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products ........................................................................................................................... x Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge....................................................................................................................................... xi Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................................1 xStack DES-3800 Series.................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Gigabit Ethernet Technology............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Switch Description............................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Features.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Ports................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Front-Panel Components ................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Rear Panel Description ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Side Panel Description....................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Gigabit Ports ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Installation................................................................................................................................................................................8 Package Contents............................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Before You Connect to the Network.................................................................................................................................................. 8 Installing the Switch Without the Rack ............................................................................................................................................. 9 Installing the Switch in a Rack .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Mounting the Switch in a Standard 19" Rack .................................................................................................................................... 9 Connecting DC Power to DES-3828DC .......................................................................................................................................... 10 RPS Installation ............................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Connecting The Switch ..........................................................................................................................................................16 Switch To End Node........................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Switch to Hub or Switch.................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Connecting To Network Backbone or Server .................................................................................................................................. 17 Introduction To Switch Management.....................................................................................................................................18 Management Options ........................................................................................................................................................18 Web-based Management Interface................................................................................................................................................... 18 SNMP-Based Management.............................................................................................................................................................. 18 Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE)................................................................................................................................... 18 First Time Connecting to The Switch .............................................................................................................................................. 20 Password Protection......................................................................................................................................................................... 21 SNMP Settings ................................................................................................................................................................................ 22 IP Address Assignment.................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Web-based Switch Configuration ..........................................................................................................................................26 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................26 Login to Web Manager .................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Web-based User Interface................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Web Pages ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 Administration .......................................................................................................................................................................29 Device Information............................................................................................................................................................29 IP Address .........................................................................................................................................................................32 Setting the Switch's IP Address using the Console Interface ........................................................................................................... 34 Port Configuration.............................................................................................................................................................34 Port Settings..................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Port Description............................................................................................................................................................................... 36 PoE Configuration.............................................................................................................................................................38 User Accounts ...................................................................................................................................................................41 Port Mirroring ...................................................................................................................................................................42 System Log Host ...............................................................................................................................................................43 System Severity Settings ...................................................................................................................................................46 SNTP Settings ...................................................................................................................................................................47 Time Settings................................................................................................................................................................................... 47 Time Zone and DST ........................................................................................................................................................................ 48 MAC Notification Settings................................................................................................................................................50 TFTP Services ...................................................................................................................................................................52 Multiple Image Services....................................................................................................................................................53 Ping Test............................................................................................................................................................................55 SNMP Manager.................................................................................................................................................................55 SNMP User Table............................................................................................................................................................................ 56 SNMP View Table........................................................................................................................................................................... 59 SNMP Group Table ......................................................................................................................................................................... 60 SNMP Community Table Configuration ......................................................................................................................................... 62 SNMP Host Table............................................................................................................................................................................ 63 SNMP Engine ID............................................................................................................................................................................. 65 Single IP Management Settings.........................................................................................................................................65 Layer 2 Features.....................................................................................................................................................................67 VLANs ..............................................................................................................................................................................67 VLAN Description........................................................................................................................................................................... 68 IEEE 802.1Q VLANs ...................................................................................................................................................................... 68 Static VLAN Entry .......................................................................................................................................................................... 73 GVRP Setting .................................................................................................................................................................................. 76 Trunking ............................................................................................................................................................................78 Link Aggregation............................................................................................................................................................................. 80 LACP Port Setting ........................................................................................................................................................................... 82 IGMP.................................................................................................................................................................................84 IGMP Snooping ............................................................................................................................................................................... 84 Static Router Ports Entry ................................................................................................................................................................. 86 Spanning Tree ...................................................................................................................................................................87 STP Bridge Global Settings............................................................................................................................................................. 89 MST Configuration Identification ................................................................................................................................................... 92 MSTP Port Information ................................................................................................................................................................... 94 STP Instance Settings ...................................................................................................................................................................... 96 STP Port Settings............................................................................................................................................................................. 97 STP Port Instance Information......................................................................................................................................................... 99 Forwarding ......................................................................................................................................................................101 Unicast Forwarding ....................................................................................................................................................................... 101 Static Multicast Forwarding........................................................................................................................................................... 101 Layer 3 Features...................................................................................................................................................................103 IP Interface Settings ........................................................................................................................................................103 MD5 Key Table Configuration........................................................................................................................................106 Route Redistribution Settings..........................................................................................................................................106 Static/Default Route Settings ..........................................................................................................................................108 Static ARP Table .............................................................................................................................................................109 RIP...................................................................................................................................................................................110 RIP Global Settings ....................................................................................................................................................................... 112 RIP Interface Settings .................................................................................................................................................................... 113 OSPF ...............................................................................................................................................................................114 OSPF Global Settings .................................................................................................................................................................... 132 OSPF Area Setting......................................................................................................................................................................... 133 OSPF Interface Settings................................................................................................................................................................. 134 OSPF Virtual Link Settings ........................................................................................................................................................... 137 OSPF Area Aggregation Settings .................................................................................................................................................. 139 OSPF Host Route Settings............................................................................................................................................................. 140 DHCP/BOOTP Relay......................................................................................................................................................141 DHCP / BOOTP Relay Global Settings......................................................................................................................................... 141 DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings ....................................................................................................................................... 144 DNS Relay.......................................................................................................................................................................145 DNS Relay Global Settings ........................................................................................................................................................... 145 DNS Relay Static Settings ............................................................................................................................................................. 146 VRRP ..............................................................................................................................................................................147 VRRP Global Settings ................................................................................................................................................................... 147 VRRP Virtual Router Settings ....................................................................................................................................................... 148 VRRP Authentication Settings ...................................................................................................................................................... 151 IP Multicast Routing Protocol .........................................................................................................................................153 IGMP Interface Settings ................................................................................................................................................................ 154 DVMRP Interface Configuration................................................................................................................................................... 156 PIM-DM Interface Configuration .................................................................................................................................................. 158 QoS ......................................................................................................................................................................................161 Port Bandwidth................................................................................................................................................................163 QoS Scheduling Mechanism ...........................................................................................................................................164 802.1p Default Priority....................................................................................................................................................165 802.1p User Priority ........................................................................................................................................................167 ACL......................................................................................................................................................................................168 Access Profile Table........................................................................................................................................................168 CPU Interface Filtering ...................................................................................................................................................183 CPU Interface Filtering Profile Table............................................................................................................................................ 183 Security ................................................................................................................................................................................199 Traffic Control.................................................................................................................................................................199 Port Security....................................................................................................................................................................201 Port Lock Entries.............................................................................................................................................................203 Configure 802.1x Authenticator Parameter ................................................................................................................................... 208 Authentic RADIUS Server ..............................................................................................................................................211 Trusted Host ....................................................................................................................................................................212 Access Authentication Control........................................................................................................................................213 Authentication Policy & Parameter Settings.................................................................................................................................. 214 Application Authentication Settings .............................................................................................................................................. 215 Authentication Server Group ......................................................................................................................................................... 216 Authentication Server Host............................................................................................................................................................ 217 Login Method Lists........................................................................................................................................................................ 219 Enable Method Lists ...................................................................................................................................................................... 221 Configure Local Enable Password................................................................................................................................................. 223 Enable Admin ................................................................................................................................................................................ 224 Traffic Segmentation.......................................................................................................................................................225 Secure Socket Layer (SSL) .............................................................................................................................................226 Download Certificate..................................................................................................................................................................... 227 Ciphersuite..................................................................................................................................................................................... 227 SSH .................................................................................................................................................................................229 SSH Server Configuration ............................................................................................................................................................. 230 SSH Authentication Mode and Algorithm Settings ....................................................................................................................... 231 SSH User Authentication............................................................................................................................................................... 234 IP-MAC Binding .............................................................................................................................................................235 IP-MAC Binding Port.................................................................................................................................................................... 235 IP-MAC Binding Table ................................................................................................................................................................. 236 IP-MAC Binding Blocked ............................................................................................................................................................. 237 ARP Storm Control .........................................................................................................................................................238 Monitoring ...........................................................................................................................................................................239 Device Status...................................................................................................................................................................239 CPU Utilization ...............................................................................................................................................................240 Port Utilization ................................................................................................................................................................240 Packets.............................................................................................................................................................................241 Received (RX) ............................................................................................................................................................................... 242 UMB Cast (RX)............................................................................................................................................................................. 243 Transmitted (TX) ........................................................................................................................................................................... 245 Errors...............................................................................................................................................................................247 Received (RX) ............................................................................................................................................................................... 248 Transmitted (TX) ........................................................................................................................................................................... 250 Packet Size ......................................................................................................................................................................252 Browse Router Port .........................................................................................................................................................254 Port Access Control.........................................................................................................................................................254 RADIUS Authentication................................................................................................................................................................ 254 RADIUS Accounting..................................................................................................................................................................... 256 MAC Address..................................................................................................................................................................257 IP Address Table .............................................................................................................................................................259 Browse Routing Table.....................................................................................................................................................260 Browse ARP Table..........................................................................................................................................................261 Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Table...........................................................................................................................262 IGMP Snooping Group ...................................................................................................................................................263 IGMP Snooping Forwarding ...........................................................................................................................................264 Browse IGMP Group Table.............................................................................................................................................264 DVMRP Monitoring........................................................................................................................................................265 Browse DVMRP Routing Table .................................................................................................................................................... 265 Browse DVMRP Neighbor Table .................................................................................................................................................. 266 Browse DVMRP Routing Next Hop Table.................................................................................................................................... 266 Browse PIM Neighbor Table ......................................................................................................................................................... 267 OSPF Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................................267 Browse OSPF LSDB Table ........................................................................................................................................................... 267 Browse OSPF Neighbor Table....................................................................................................................................................... 269 OSPF Virtual Neighbor ................................................................................................................................................................. 269 Browse PoE Status (for DES-3828P only) ......................................................................................................................270 Switch History Log .........................................................................................................................................................271 Switch Maintanence .............................................................................................................................................................272 Reset ................................................................................................................................................................................272 Reset Config .................................................................................................................................................................................. 272 Reset System.................................................................................................................................................................................. 273 Reboot System.................................................................................................................................................................273 Save Changes ..................................................................................................................................................................274 Logout .............................................................................................................................................................................275 Technical Specifications ......................................................................................................................................................276 Cables and Connectors.........................................................................................................................................................279 Cable Lengths ......................................................................................................................................................................280 Glossary ...............................................................................................................................................................................281 Warranties/Registration........................................................................................................................................................285 Tech Support ........................................................................................................................................................................292 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Preface The xStack DES-3800 Series User Manual is divided into sections that describe the system installation and operating instructions with examples. Section 1, Introduction - Describes the Switch and its features. Section 2, Installation- Helps you get started with the basic installation of the Switch and also describes the front panel, rear panel, side panels, and LED indicators of the Switch. Included in this section is a description of how to hook up the DC power supply for the DES-3828DC. Section 3, Connecting the Switch - Tells how you can connect the Switch to your Ethernet/Fast Ethernet network. Section 4, Introduction to Switch Management - Introduces basic Switch management features, including password protection, SNMP settings, IP address assignment and connecting devices to the Switch. Section 5, Introduction to Web-based Switch Management - Talks about connecting to and using the Web-based switch management feature on the Switch. Section 6, Administration- A detailed discussion about configuring the basic functions of the Switch, including Device Information IP Address, Port Configuration, User Accounts, Port Mirroring, System Log Settings, System Severity Settings, SNTP Settings, MAC Notification Settings, TFTP Services, Mulitple Image Services, Ping Test, SNMP Manager, and Single IP Management Settings. Section 7, Layer 2 Features- A discussion of Layer 2 features of the Switch, including VLAN, Trunking, IGMP Snooping, Spanning Tree and Forwarding. Section 8, Layer 3 Features- A discussion of Layer 3 features of the Switch, including IP Interface Settings, MD5 Key Settings, Route Redistribution Settings, Static/Dynamic Route Setings, Route Preference Settings, Static ARP Settings, RIP, OSPF, DCHP/BOOTP Relay, DNS Relay, VRRP, and IP Multicast Routing Settings Section 9, QoS - Features information on QoS, including Bandwidth Control, QoS Scheduling Mechanism, QoS Output Scheduling, 802.1P Default Priority, and 802.1P User Priority. Section 10, ACL- Discussion on the ACL function of the Switch, including Access Profile Table and CPU Interface Filtering, and ARP Strom Control. Section 11, Security ­ A discussion on the Security functions on the Switch, including Traffic Control Port Security, Port Lock Entries, 802.1X, Trusted Host, Access Authentication Control, Traffic Segmentation, SSL, SSH, and IP MAC Binding. Section 12, Monitoring ­ Features information on Monitoring including Device Status, CPU Utilization, Port Utilization, Packets, Errors, Packet Size, Browse Router Port, Port Access Control, MAC Address, IP Address Table, Browse Routing Table, Browse ARP Table, Browse IP Multicast Forwarding, Switch History Log, IGMP Snooping Group, IGMP Snooping Forwarding, DVMRP Monitor, OSPF Monitor, Browse PoE Status, and Switch History Log. Appendix A, Technical Specifications - Technical specifications for DES-3828, DES-3828P and DES-3828DCDC. Appendix B, Cables and Connectors - Describes the RJ-45 receptacle/connector, straight through and crossover cables and standard pin assignments. Appendix C, Cable Lengths - Information on cable types and maximum distances. Glossary - Lists definitions for terms and acronyms used in this document. vii xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Intended Readers The xStack DES-3800 Series User Manual contains information for setup and management of the Switch. The term, "the Swich" will be used when referring to all three switches. This manual is intended for network managers familiar with network management concepts and terminology. Typographical Conventions Convention [] Description In a command line, square brackets indicate an optional entry. For example: [copy filename] means that optionally you can type copy followed by the name of the file. Do not type the brackets. Indicates a button, a toolbar icon, menu, or menu item. For example: Open the File menu and choose Cancel. Used for emphasis. May also indicate system messages or prompts appearing on your screen. For example: You have mail. Bold font is also used to represent filenames, program names and commands. For example: use the copy command. Indicates commands and responses to prompts that must be typed exactly as printed in the manual. Indicates a window name. Names of keys on the keyboard have initial capitals. For example: Click Enter. Indicates a window name or a field. Also can indicate a variables or parameter that is replaced with an appropriate word or string. For example: type filename means that you should type the actual filename instead of the word shown in italic. Menu Name > Menu Option Indicates the menu structure. Device > Port > Port Properties means the Port Properties menu option under the Port menu option that is located under the Device menu. Bold font Boldface Typewriter Font Initial capital letter Italics Menu Name > Menu Option Notes, Notices, and Cautions A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your device. A NOTICE indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem. A CAUTION indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death. viii xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Safety Instructions Use the following safety guidelines to ensure your own personal safety and to help protect your system from potential damage. Throughout this document, the caution icon ( ) is used to indicate cautions and precautions that you need to review and follow. Safety Cautions To reduce the risk of bodily injury, electrical shock, fire, and damage to the equipment, observe the following precautions. · Observe and follow service markings. · · Do not service any product except as explained in your system documentation. Opening or removing covers that are marked with the triangular symbol with a lightning bolt may expose you to electrical shock. Only a trained service technician should service components inside these compartments. · · If any of the following conditions occur, unplug the product from the electrical outlet and replace the part or contact your trained service provider: · · · · · The power cable, extension cable, or plug is damaged. An object has fallen into the product. The product has been exposed to water. The product has been dropped or damaged. The product does not operate correctly when you follow the operating instructions. · · Keep your system away from radiators and heat sources. Also, do not block cooling vents. Do not spill food or liquids on your system components, and never operate the product in a wet environment. If the system gets wet, see the appropriate section in your troubleshooting guide or contact your trained service provider. Do not push any objects into the openings of your system. Doing so can cause fire or electric shock by shorting out interior components. Use the product only with approved equipment. Allow the product to cool before removing covers or touching internal components. Operate the product only from the type of external power source indicated on the electrical ratings label. If you are not sure of the type of power source required, consult your service provider or local power company. To help avoid damaging your system, be sure the voltage on the power supply is set to match the power available at your location: · · · · · · 115 volts (V)/60 hertz (Hz) in most of North and South America and some Far Eastern countries such as South Korea and Taiwan ix xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch · · · 100 V/50 Hz in eastern Japan and 100 V/60 Hz in western Japan 230 V/50 Hz in most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East ­48 VDC for DC power supply unit on DES-3828DC DC only · · Also, be sure that attached devices are electrically rated to operate with the power available in your location. Use only approved power cable(s). If you have not been provided with a power cable for your system or for any AC-powered option intended for your system, purchase a power cable that is approved for use in your country. The power cable must be rated for the product and for the voltage and current marked on the product's electrical ratings label. The voltage and current rating of the cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the product. To help prevent electric shock, plug the system and peripheral power cables into properly grounded electrical outlets. These cables are equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure proper grounding. Do not use adapter plugs or remove the grounding prong from a cable. If you must use an extension cable, use a 3-wire cable with properly grounded plugs. Observe extension cable and power strip ratings. Make sure that the total ampere rating of all products plugged into the extension cable or power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the ampere ratings limit for the extension cable or power strip. To help protect your system from sudden, transient increases and decreases in electrical power, use a surge suppressor, line conditioner, or uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Position system cables and power cables carefully; route cables so that they cannot be stepped on or tripped over. Be sure that nothing rests on any cables. Do not modify power cables or plugs. Consult a licensed electrician or your power company for site modifications. Always follow your local/national wiring rules. When connecting or disconnecting power to hot-pluggable power supplies, if offered with your system, observe the following guidelines: · · · · · · · · · Install the power supply before connecting the power cable to the power supply. Unplug the power cable before removing the power supply. If the system has multiple sources of power, disconnect power from the system by unplugging all power cables from the power supplies. · Move products with care; ensure that all casters and/or stabilizers are firmly connected to the system. Avoid sudden stops and uneven surfaces. General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products Observe the following precautions for rack stability and safety. Also, refer to the rack installation documentation accompanying the system and the rack for specific caution statements and procedures. · Systems are considered to be components in a rack. Thus, "component" refers to any system as well as to various peripherals or supporting hardware. x xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch · Before working on the rack, make sure that the stabilizers are secured to the rack, extended to the floor, and that the full weight of the rack rests on the floor. Install front and side stabilizers on a single rack or front stabilizers for joined multiple racks before working on the rack. Always load the rack from the bottom up, and load the heaviest item in the rack first. Make sure that the rack is level and stable before extending a component from the rack. Use caution when pressing the component rail release latches and sliding a component into or out of a rack; the slide rails can pinch your fingers. After a component is inserted into the rack, carefully extend the rail into a locking position, and then slide the component into the rack. Do not overload the AC supply branch circuit that provides power to the rack. The total rack load should not exceed 80 percent of the branch circuit rating. Ensure that proper airflow is provided to components in the rack. Do not step on or stand on any component when servicing other components in a rack. · · · · · · · NOTE: A qualified electrician must perform all connections to DC power and to safety grounds. All electrical wiring must comply with applicable local, regional or national codes and practices. CAUTION: Never defeat the ground conductor or operate the equipment in the absence of a suitably installed ground conductor. Contact the appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if you are uncertain that suitable grounding is available. CAUTION: The system chassis must be positively grounded to the rack cabinet frame. Do not attempt to connect power to the system until grounding cables are connected. A qualified electrical inspector must inspect completed power and safety ground wiring. An energy hazard will exist if the safety ground cable is omitted or disconnected. CAUTION: Do not replace the battery with an incorrect type. The risk of explosion exists if the replacement battery is not the correct lithium battery type. Dispose of used batteries according to the instructions. Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge Static electricity can harm delicate components inside your system. To prevent static damage, discharge static electricity from your body before you touch any of the electronic components, such as the microprocessor. You can do so by periodically touching an unpainted metal surface on the chassis. You can also take the following steps to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD): 1. When unpacking a static-sensitive component from its shipping carton, do not remove the component from the antistatic packing material until you are ready to install the component in your system. Just before unwrapping the antistatic packaging, be sure to discharge static electricity from your body. xi xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 2. When transporting a sensitive component, first place it in an antistatic container or packaging. 3. Handle all sensitive components in a static-safe area. If possible, use antistatic floor pads, workbench pads and an antistatic grounding strap. xii xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 1 Introduction xStack DES-3800 Series Gigabit Ethernet Technology Switch Description Features Ports Front-Panel Components Side Panel Description Rear Panel Description Gigabit Combo Ports xStack DES-3800 Series The DES-3800 series is a member of the D-Link xStack switch family. xStack is a complete family of stackable devices that ranges from edge 10/100Mbps switches to core Gigabit switches. xStack provides unsurpassed performance, fault tolerance, scalable flexibility, robust security, standard-based interoperability and an impressive support for 10Gigabit technology to future-proof departmental and enterprise network deployments with an easy migration path. Gigabit Ethernet Technology Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet utilizing the same packet structure, format, and support for CSMA/CD protocol, full duplex, flow control, and management objects, but with a tenfold increase in theoretical throughput over 100Mbps Fast Ethernet and a one hundred-fold increase over 10Mbps Ethernet. Since it is compatible with all 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet environments, Gigabit Ethernet provides a straightforward upgrade without wasting a company's existing investment in hardware, software, and trained personnel. The increased speed and extra bandwidth offered by Gigabit Ethernet are essential to coping with the network bottlenecks that frequently develop as computers and their busses get faster and more users using applications that generate more traffic. Upgrading key components, such as your backbone and servers to Gigabit Ethernet can greatly improve network response times as well as significantly speed up the traffic between your sub networks. Gigabit Ethernet enables fast optical fiber connections to support video conferencing, complex imaging, and similar data-intensive applications. Likewise, since data transfers occur 10 times faster than Fast Ethernet, servers outfitted with Gigabit Ethernet NIC's are able to perform 10 times the number of operations in the same amount of time. In addition, the phenomenal bandwidth delivered by Gigabit Ethernet is the most cost-effective method to take advantage of today and tomorrow's rapidly improving switching and routing internetworking technologies. 1 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Switch Description The Switch is equipped with unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable ports providing dedicated 10 or 100 Mbps bandwidth. The Switch has 24 UTP ports and Auto MDI-X/MDI-II convertible ports that can be used for unlinking to another switch. These ports can be used for connecting PCs, printers, servers, hubs, routers, switches and other networking devices. The dual speed ports use standard twisted-pair cabling and are ideal for segmenting networks into small, connected sub networks for superior performance. Each 10/100 port can support up to 200 Mbps of throughput in full-duplex mode. In addition, the Switch has 2 combo 1000 Base-T/SFP ports on the front panel and two 1000 Base-T on the back. These gigabit combo ports are ideal for connecting to a server or network backbone. See the "Ports" section below for differences between the front and rear Gigabit combo ports. This Switch enables the network to use some of the most demanding multimedia and imaging applications concurrently with other user applications without creating bottlenecks. The built-in console interface can be used to configure the Switch's settings for priority queuing, VLANs, and port trunk groups, port monitoring, and port speed. Features · · · · IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol support. IEEE 802.1x Port-based and MAC-based Access Control IEEE 802.1Q VLAN IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree, IEEE 802.1W Rapid Spanning Tree and IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree support Access Control List (ACL) support Single IP Management support Access Authentication Control utilizing TACACS, XTACACS and TACACS+ Dual Image Firmware Simple Network Time Protocol support MAC Notification support System and Port Utilization support System Log Support Support port-based enable and disable Address table: Supports up to 16K MAC addresses per device Supports a packet buffer of up to 32M bytes Supports Port-based VLAN Groups Port Trunking with flexible load distribution and fail-over function IGMP Snooping support SNMP support Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Secure Shell (SSH) support Port Mirroring support 2 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · MIB support for: RFC1213 MIB II RFC1493 Bridge RFC2819 RMON RFC2665 Ether-like MIB RFC2863 Interface MIB Private MIB RFC2674 for 802.1p IEEE 802.1x MIB IEEE 802.3x flow control in full duplex mode IEEE 802.1p Priority Queues IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX compliant RS-232 DCE console port for Switch management Provides parallel LED display for port status such as link/act, speed, etc. IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T compliant High performance switching engine performs forwarding and filtering at full wire speed, maximum 14, 881 packets/sec on each 10Mbps Ethernet port, and maximum 148,810 packet/sec on 100Mbps Fast Ethernet port. Full- and half-duplex for both 10Mbps and 100Mbps connections. Full duplex allows the switch port to simultaneously transmit and receive data. It only works with connections to full-duplex-capable end stations and switches. Connections to a hub must take place at halfduplex Support broadcast storm filtering Non-blocking store and forward switching scheme capability to support rate adaptation and protocol conversion Supports by-port Egress/Ingress rate control. Efficient self-learning and address recognition mechanism enables forwarding rate at wire speed · · · · · Ports The Swich provides 24 10/100BASE-TX ports. All 24 ports comply with the following standards: · · · · · IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3u Support Half/Full-Duplex operations All ports support Auto MDI-X/MDI-II cross over Support back pressure for Half-duplex mode 3 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch · IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode. NOTE: On DES-3828P, all 24 10/100BASE-TX ports also comply with the IEEE 802.3af standard. The Switch provides 2 1000 Base-T/SFP combo ports on the front panel. Both 1000BASE-T ports comply with the following standards: · · · · · · IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3u IEEE 802.3ab Support Full-Duplex operations IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode IEEE 802.3z DEM-310GT (1000BASE-LX) DEM-311GT (1000BASE-SX) DEM-314GT (1000BASE-LH) DEM-315GT (1000BASE-ZX) Both SFP ports support the following transeivers: · · · · Th Switch provides 2 1000 Base-T ports on the rear panel. Both 1000BASE-T ports comply with the following standards: · · · · · IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3u IEEE 802.3ab Support Full-Duplex operations IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode NOTE: The SFP combo ports on the Switch cannot be used simultaneously with the corresponding 1000BASE-T ports. If both ports are in use at the same time (ex. port 25 of the SFP and port 25 of the 1000BASE-T), the SFP ports will take priority over the combo ports and render the 1000BASE-T ports inoperable. Front-Panel Components The front panel of the Switch provides 24 10/100BASE-TX ports, 2 1000 Base-T/SFP combo ports, and an RS-232 console port. DES-3828P also includes a Mode Select button for changing the mode Link/Act/State to PoE. 2 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch DES-3828P LEDs LED indicators display the status of the Switch and the network. The front panel of DES-3828P has LED indicators for power, console, RPS, 27GE (rear port), 28 GE (rear port), Link/Act/Speed, PoE, for each of the 24 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, and for the two 1000BASE-T/SFP ports. Figure 1- 1. Front Panel View of the DES-3828P DES-3828/DES-3828DC LEDs The front panel of DES-3828/DES-3828DC has LED indicators for power, console, RPS (DES-3828 only), 27GE (rear port), 28 GE (rear port), for each of the 24 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, and for the two 1000BASE-T/SFP ports. 3 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 1- 2. Front Panel View of the DES-3828DC The following table describes the LEDs for DES-3828/DES-3828P/DES-3828DC: LED Power Description Off ­ Power Off Solid Green ­ Power On Console Solid Green ­ Switch is being logged in to via the out-of-band/local console management through the RS-232 console port Blinking Green ­ POST is in progress RPS (excluding DES3828DC) Ports 27, 28 GE Off ­ RPS off Solid green ­ RPS in use Ports 27 and 28 represent the 1000BASE-T ports located on the rear panel of the Switch. These port LEDs will light two different colors for 100Mbps and 1000Mbps: · · · · · Solid Green ­ Link or 1000Mbps Blinking Green ­ Activity for 1000Mbps Solid Amber ­ Link or 100Mbps Blinking Amber ­ Activity for 100Mbps Off ­ Link down Link/Act/Speed and PoE (DES-3828P only) To change the LED mode from Link/Act/Speed to PoE and vice versa, press the LED Mode Select Button. The Link/Act/Speed LED will light solid green when selected and will shut off when PoE is selected. Likewise, when Link/Act/Speed is selected, the PoE LED shuts off and the Link/Act/Speed LED lights solid green. 4 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Ports 1-24 One row of LEDs for each port is located above the ports on the front panel. The first LED is for the top port and the second one is for the bottom ports. These port LEDs display the following information: For Link/Act/Speed Mode: · · · · · Solid Green ­ Link or 100Mbps Blinking Green ­ Activity for 100Mbps Solid Amber ­ Link or 10Mbps Blinking Amber ­ Activity for 10Mbps Off ­ Link down Solid Green ­ Power feeding (802.3af-compliant PD was detected, legacy PD detected) Blinking Amber - PoE port ERROR (non-standard PD connected, Under load state according to 802.3af (current is below I min), Overload state according to 802.3af (current is above Icut), hardware problems preventing port operation, power budget exceeded, short condition was detected at a port delivering power, temperature overload at the port, succession of Underload and Overload states caused port shutdown (may be caused by a PD's DC/DC fault)...etc.) Off ­ No power feeding (no PD detected, or no connection) For PoE Mode: (DES-3828P only) · · · Ports 25, 26 combo GE Ports 25 and 26 represent the 1000BASE-T/SFP ports located on the front panel of the Switch. These port LEDs will display the following information: · · · · · Solid Green ­ Link or 1000Mbps Blinking Green ­ Activity for 1000Mbps Solid Amber ­ Link or 100Mbps Blinking Amber ­ Activity for 100Mbps Off ­ Link down Rear Panel Description The rear panels of DES-3828, DES-3828DC and DES-3828P are described separately below: DES-3828 The rear panel of DES-3828 contains ports 27 and 28, (1000BASE-TX), an AC power connector, and an outlet for an optional external RPS. Figure 1- 3. Rear panel view of the DES-3828 For details on ports 27 and 28, see the "Ports" description above. The rear panel includes an outlet for an optional external redundant power supply. When power fails, the optional external RPS will take 5 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch over all the power immediately and automatically. The AC power connector is a standard threepronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug-in the female connector of the provided power cord into this socket, and the male side of the cord into a power outlet. The Switch automatically adjusts its power setting to any supply voltage in the range from 100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz. DES-3828P The rear panel of DES-3828P contains ports 27 and 28, (1000BASE-TX), a heat vent, an AC power connector, and an outlet for an optional external RPS. Figure 1- 4. Rear Panel view of DES-3828P For details on ports 27 and 28, see the "Ports" description above. The rear panel includes a heat vent for the system fan. The system fan is used to dissipate heat. Do not block this opening, and leave at least 6 inches of space at the rear of the Switch for proper ventilation. Be reminded that without proper heat dissipation and air circulation, system components might overheat, which could lead to system failure. The rear panel also includes an outlet for an optional external redundant power supply. When power fails, the optional external RPS will take over all the power immediately and automatically. The AC power connector is a standard three-pronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug-in the female connector of the provided power cord into this socket, and the male side of the cord into a power outlet. The Switch automatically adjusts its power setting to any supply voltage in the range from 100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz. The maximum output capacity for PoE is 370W. The default power feeding for PoE is set at 15.4W per port, but can be set from 1-16.8W per port. See PoE Configuration in Section 6 for instructions on how to change this setting. DES-3828DC Figure 1- 5. Rear panel view of DES-3828DC The rear panel of the DC power version of the Switch includes ports 27 and 28, (1000BASE-TX), and an opening designed to accommodate the DC power wiring assembly. See the installation instructions in Section 2 for details. Side Panel Description The right-hand side panel of the Switch contains a system fan and ventilation along the entire right side. The left hand panel includes a system fan and a heat vent. The system fans are used to dissipate heat. Do not block these openings on either side of the Switch. Leave at least 6 inches of space at the rear and sides of the Switch for proper ventilation. Be reminded that without proper heat dissipation and air circulation, system components might overheat, which could lead to system failure. 6 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 1- 6. Side Panels Gigabit Ports In addition to the 24 10/100 Mbps ports, the Switch features two 1000BASE-T/SFP Gigabit Ethernet Combo ports on the front panel, and two 1000BASE-T copper ports on the rear panel. The diagrams below show Gigabit ports 25 and 26 on the far right of the front panel. Gigabit ports 27 and 28 are on the far left of the rear panel. Please note that PoE is not supported on either the front or rear Gigabit Ethernet ports. Figure 1- 7. Front Panel Mini-GBIC modules plug-in to the Switch Figure 1- 8. Rear Panel Mini-GBIC modules plug-in to the Switch 7 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch SECTION 2 Installation Package Contents Before You Connect to the Network Installing the Switch Without the Rack Rack Installation Power On Connecting DC Power to DES-3828DC RPS Installation Package Contents Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents. The carton should contain the following items: · · · · · · One Stand-alone Switch One AC power cord (excluding DES-3828DC) This Manual on CD Mounting kit (two brackets and screws) Four rubber feet with adhesive backing RS-232 console cable If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local D-Link Reseller for replacement. Before You Connect to the Network The site where you install the Switch may greatly affect its performance. Please follow these guidelines for setting up the Switch. · Install the Switch on a sturdy, level surface that can support at least 4.24kg (9.35lbs) of weight for DES-3828/DES-3828DC, or 6.02kg (13.27lbs) for DES-3828P. Do not place heavy objects on the Switch. The power outlet should be within 1.82 meters (6 feet) of the Switch. Visually inspect the power cord and see that it is fully secured to the AC/DC power port. Make sure that there is proper heat dissipation from and adequate ventilation around the Switch. Leave at least 10 cm (4 inches) of space at the front and rear of the Switch for ventilation. Install the Switch in a fairly cool and dry place for the acceptable temperature and humidity operating ranges. 8 · · · · xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch · Install the Switch in a site free from strong electromagnetic field generators (such as motors), vibration, dust, and direct exposure to sunlight. When installing the Switch on a level surface, attach the rubber feet to the bottom of the device. The rubber feet cushion the Switch, protect the casing from scratches and prevent it from scratching other surfaces. · Installing the Switch Without the Rack When installing the Switch on a desktop or shelf, the rubber feet included with the Switch should first be attached. Attach these cushioning feet on the bottom at each corner of the device. Allow enough ventilation space between the Switch and any other objects in the vicinity. Rubber Feet Figure 2 - 1. Prepare Switch for installation on a desktop or shelf Installing the Switch in a Rack The Switch can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagrams to guide you. Figure 2 - 2. Fasten mounting brackets to Switch Fasten the mounting brackets to the Switch using the screws provided. With the brackets attached securely, you can mount the Switch in a standard rack as shown in Figure 2-3 below. Mounting the Switch in a Standard 19" Rack CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and side stabilizers installed could cause the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain circumstances. Therefore, always install the stabilizers before installing components in the rack. After installing components in a rack, do not pull more than one component 9 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch out of the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in injury. Figure 2 - 3. Installing Switch in a rack Power On AC Power Plug one end of the AC power cord into the power connector of the Switch and the other end into the local power source outlet. After the Switch is powered on, the LED indicators will momentarily blink. This blinking of the LED indicators represents a reset of the system. Power Failure For AC power supply units, as a precaution, in the event of a power failure, unplug the Switch. When power is resumed, plug the Switch back in. Connecting DC Power to DES-3828DC Follow the instructions below to connect the DC power supply of the DES-3828DC to the DC power source. 10 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 4. Power connections attached to contacts on assembly 1. Firmly attach the DC power to the negative and positive contacts on the wiring assembly. · The negative pole (-) connects to the -48V contact. · The positive pole (+) connects to the -48V Return contact. · If available, earth ground may be connected to center contact post. 2. Tighten the contact screws so the connection is secure. RPS Installation Follow the instructions below to connect the RPS power supply to the switch (DPS-200 to DES-3828 or DPS-600 to DES-3828P). The DPS-200 is a redundant power-supply unit designed to conform to the voltage requirements of the switches being supported. DPS-200 can be installed into DPS-900, or DPS-800. CAUTION: The AC power cord for the switch should be disconnected before proceeding with installation of the DPS-200. DPS-900 The DPS-900 is a standard-size rack mount (5 standard unit in height) designed to hold up to 8 DPS200 redundant power supplies. 11 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 5. Install DPS-200 in DPS-900 The RPS can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagram to guide you. Figure 2 - 6. Install DPS-900 in equipment rack CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and side stabilizers installed could cause the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain circumstances. Therefore, always install the stabilizers before installing components in the rack. After installing components in a rack, do not pull more than one component out of the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in injury. DPS-800 The DPS-800 is a standard-size rack mount (1 standard unit in height) designed to hold up to 2 DPS200 redundant power supplies. 12 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 7. Install DPS-200 in DPS-800 The RPS can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagram to guide you. Figure 2 - 8. Install DPS-800 in an Equipment Rack Connect to RPS The DPS-200 is connected to the Master Switch using a 14-pin DC power cable. A standard, threepronged AC power cable connects the redundant power supply to the main power source. 13 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 9. The DES-3828 with the DPS-200 chassis RPS 1. Insert one end of the 14-pin DC power cable into the receptacle on the switch and the other end into the redundant power supply. 2. Using a standard AC power cable, connect the redundant power supply to the main AC power source. A green LED on the front of the DPS-200 will glow to indicate a successful connection. 3. Re-connect the switch to the AC power source. On certain switches, such as the DES-3828, an LED indicator will show that a redundant power supply is now in operation. 4. No change in switch configuration is necessary for this installation. NOTE: See the DPS-200 documentation for more information. CAUTION: Do not use the Switch with any redundant power system other than the DPS-200 or DPS 600. DPS-600 DES-3828P also supports the DPS-600 external redundant power supply. 14 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch DES-3828P DPS-600 Figure 2 - 10. DES-3828P with the DPS-600 External Redundant Rower Supply 15 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 3 Connecting The Switch Switch To End Node Switch To Hub or Switch Connecting To Network Backbone or Server NOTE: All 24 high-performance NWay Ethernet ports can support both MDI-II and MDI-X connections. Switch To End Node End nodes include PCs outfitted with a 10, 100 or 1000 Mbps RJ 45 Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) and most routers. An end node can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair Category 3, 4, or 5 UTP/STP cable. The end node should be connected to any of the ports of the Switch. Figure 3- 1. Switch connected to an end node The Link/Act LEDs for each UTP port will light green or amber when the link is valid. A blinking LED indicates packet activity on that port. Switch to Hub or Switch These connections can be accomplished in a number of ways using a normal cable. · A 10BASE-T hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair Category 3, 4 or 5 UTP/STP cable. A 100BASE-TX hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair Category 5 UTP/STP cable. A 1000BASE-T switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted pair Category 5e UTP/STP cable. A switch supporting a fiber-optic uplink can be connected to the Switch's SFP ports via fiberoptic cabling. 16 · · · xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch · The Switch can be changed to PoE mode with the Mode Select button. When the Switch is in PoE Mode, DES-3828P works with all D-Link 802.3af capable devices. The Switch also works in PoE mode with all non-802.3af capable D-Link AP, IP Cam and IP phone equipment via DWL-P50. CROSSOVER CABLE Switch or Hub 1 3x 5x 7x STRAIGHT CABLE 2x 4x 6x 8x Figure 3- 2. Switch connected to a normal (non-Uplink) port on a hub or switch using a straight or crossover cable NOTICE: When the SFP transceiver acquires a link, the associated integrated 10/100/1000BASE-T port is disabled. Connecting To Network Backbone or Server The two Mini-GBIC combo ports are ideal for unlinking to a network backbone or server. The copper ports operate at a speed of 1000, 100 or 10Mbps in full duplex mode. The fiber optic ports can operate at 1000Mbps in full duplex mode. Connections to the Gigabit Ethernet ports are made using fiber optic cable or Category 5 copper cable, depending on the type of port. A valid connection is indicated when the Link LED is lit. 17 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 4 Introduction To Switch Management Management Options Web-based Management Interface SNMP-Based Management Managing User Accounts Command Line Console Interface Through The Serial Port Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE) First Time Connecting to The Switch Password Protection SNMP Settings IP Address Assignment Management Options This system may be managed out-of-band through the console port on the front panel or in-band using Telnet. The user may also choose the web-based management, accessible through a web browser. Web-based Management Interface After you have successfully installed the Switch, you can configure the Switch, monitor the LED panel, and display statistics graphically using a web browser, such as Netscape Navigator (version 6.2 and higher) or Microsoft® Internet Explorer (version 5.0). SNMP-Based Management You can manage the Switch with an SNMP-compatible console program. The Switch supports SNMP version 1.0, version 2.0 and version 3.0. The SNMP agent decodes the incoming SNMP messages and responds to requests with MIB objects stored in the database. The SNMP agent updates the MIB objects to generate statistics and counters. Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE) The Switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a connection to a computer or terminal for monitoring and configuring the Switch. This port is a female DB-9 connector, implemented as a data terminal equipment (DTE) connection. To use the console port, you need the following equipment: · · A terminal or a computer with both a serial port and the ability to emulate a terminal. A null modem or crossover RS-232 cable with a female DB-9 connector for the console port on the Switch. To connect a terminal to the console port: 18 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 1. Connect the female connector of the RS-232 cable directly to the console port on the Switch, and tighten the captive retaining screws. 2. Connect the other end of the cable to a terminal or to the serial connector of a computer running terminal emulation software. Set the terminal emulation software as follows: 3. Select the appropriate serial port (COM port 1 or COM port 2). 4. Set the data rate to 9600 baud. 5. Set the data format to 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity. 6. Set flow control to none. 7. Under Properties, select VT100 for Emulation mode. 8. Select Terminal keys for Function, Arrow, and Ctrl keys. Ensure that you select Terminal keys (not Windows keys). NOTE: When you use HyperTerminal with the Microsoft® Windows® 2000 operating system, ensure that you have Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or later installed. Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 allows you to use arrow keys in HyperTerminal's VT100 emulation. See www.microsoft.com for information on Windows 2000 service packs. 9. After you have correctly set up the terminal, plug the power cable into the power receptacle on the back of the Switch. The boot sequence appears in the terminal. 10. After the boot sequence completes, the console login screen displays. 11. If you have not logged into the command line interface (CLI) program, press the Enter key at the User name and password prompts. There is no default user name and password for the Switch. The administrator must first create user names and passwords. If you have previously set up user accounts, log in and continue to configure the Switch. 12. Enter the commands to complete your desired tasks. Many commands require administratorlevel access privileges. Read the next section for more information on setting up user accounts. See the xStatck DES-3800 Series CLI Manual on the documentation CD for a list of all commands and additional information on using the CLI. 13. When you have completed your tasks, exit the session with the logout command or close the emulator program. 14. Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match these settings. If you are having problems making this connection on a PC, make sure the emulation is set to VT-100. You will be able to set the emulation by clicking on the File menu in you HyperTerminal window, clicking on Properties in the drop-down menu, and then clicking the Settings tab. This is where you will find the Emulation options. If you still do not see anything, try rebooting the Switch by disconnecting its power supply. Once connected to the console, the screen below will appear on your console screen. This is where the user will enter commands to perform all the available management functions. The Switch will prompt the user to enter a user name and a password. Upon the initial connection, there is no user name or password and therefore just press enter twice to access the command line interface. 19 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 1. Initial screen after first connection First Time Connecting to The Switch The Switch supports user-based security that can allow you to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the Switch or changing its settings. This section tells how to log onto the Switch. NOTE: The passwords used to access the Switch are case-sensitive; therefore, "S" is not the same as "s." When you first connect to the Switch, you will be presented with the first login screen. NOTE: Press Ctrl+R to refresh the screen. This command can be used at any time to force the console program in the Switch to refresh the console screen. Press Enter in both the Username and Password fields. You will be given access to the command prompt DES-3828:4# shown below: There is no initial username or password. Leave the Username and Password fields blank. 20 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 2. Command Prompt NOTE: The first user automatically gets Administrator level privileges. It is recommended to create at least one Admin-level user account for the Switch. Password Protection The Switch does not have a default user name and password. One of the first tasks when settings up the Switch is to create user accounts. If you log in using a predefined administrator-level user name, you have privileged access to the Switch's management software. After your initial login, define new passwords for both default user names to prevent unauthorized access to the Switch, and record the passwords for future reference. To create an administrator-level account for the Switch, do the following: · At the CLI login prompt, enter create account admin followed by the and press the Enter key. You will be asked to provide a password. Type the used for the administrator account being created and press the Enter key. You will be prompted to enter the same password again to verify it. Type the same password and press the Enter key. Successful creation of the new administrator account will be verified by a Success message. · · · NOTE: Passwords are case sensitive. User names and passwords can be up to 15 characters in length. 21 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The sample below illustrates a successful creation of a new administrator-level account with the user name "newmanager". DES-3828:4#create account admin newmanager Command: create account admin newmanager Enter a case-sensitive new password:******** Enter the new password again for confirmation:******** Success. DES-3828:4# NOTICE: CLI configuration commands only modify the running configuration file and are not saved when the Switch is rebooted. To save all your configuration changes in nonvolatile storage, you must use the save command to copy the running configuration file to the startup configuration. SNMP Settings Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an OSI Layer 7 (Application Layer) designed specifically for managing and monitoring network devices. SNMP enables network management stations to read and modify the settings of gateways, routers, switches, and other network devices. Use SNMP to configure system features for proper operation, monitor performance and detect potential problems in the Switch, switch group or network. Managed devices that support SNMP include software (referred to as an agent), which runs locally on the device. A defined set of variables (managed objects) is maintained by the SNMP agent and used to manage the device. These objects are defined in a Management Information Base (MIB), which provides a standard presentation of the information controlled by the on-board SNMP agent. SNMP defines both the format of the MIB specifications and the protocol used to access this information over the network. The DES-3800 Series supports SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3. You can specify which version of SNMP you want to use to monitor and control the Switch. The three versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided between the management station and the network device. In SNMP v.1 and v.2, user authentication is accomplished using 'community strings', which function like passwords. The remote user SNMP application and the Switch SNMP must use the same community string. SNMP packets from any station that has not been authenticated are ignored (dropped). The default community strings for the Switch used for SNMP v.1 and v.2 management access are: · · public - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve MIB objects. private - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve and modify MIB objects. SNMP v.3 uses a more sophisticated authentication process that is separated into two parts. The first part is to maintain a list of users and their attributes that are allowed to act as SNMP managers. The second part describes what each user on that list can do as an SNMP manager. 22 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The Switch allows groups of users to be listed and configured with a shared set of privileges. The SNMP version may also be set for a listed group of SNMP managers. Thus, you may create a group of SNMP managers that are allowed to view read-only information or receive traps using SNMP v.1 while assigning a higher level of security to another group, granting read/write privileges using SNMP v.3. Using SNMP v.3 individual users or groups of SNMP managers can be allowed to perform or be restricted from performing specific SNMP management functions. The functions allowed or restricted are defined using the Object Identifier (OID) associated with a specific MIB. An additional layer of security is available for SNMP v.3 in that SNMP messages may be encrypted. To read more about how to configure SNMP v.3 settings for the Switch read the section entitled Management. Traps Traps are messages that alert network personnel of events that occur on the Switch. The events can be as serious as a reboot (someone accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status change. The Switch generates traps and sends them to the trap recipient (or network manager). Typical traps include trap messages for Authentication Failure, Topology Change and Broadcast\Multicast Storm. MIBs The Switch in the Management Information Base (MIB) stores management and counter information. The Switch uses the standard MIB-II Management Information Base module. Consequently, values for MIB objects can be retrieved from any SNMP-based network management software. In addition to the standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended Management Information Base. Specifying the MIB Object Identifier may also retrieve the proprietary MIB. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write. IP Address Assignment Each Switch must be assigned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The Switch's default IP address is 10.90.90.90. You can change the default Switch IP address to meet the specification of your networking address scheme. The Switch is also assigned a unique MAC address by the factory. This MAC address cannot be changed, and can be found by entering the command "show switch" into the command line interface, as shown below. 23 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 3. Show switch command The Switch's MAC address can also be found from the Web management program on the Switch Information (Basic Settings) window on the Configuration menu. The IP address for the Switch must be set before it can be managed with the Web-based manager. The Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual address assigned to the Switch must be known. The IP address may be set using the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as follows: Starting at the command line prompt, enter the commands config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy Where the x's represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the y's represent the corresponding subnet mask. Alternatively, you can enter config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/z. Where the x's represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the z represents the corresponding number of subnets in CIDR notation. The IP interface named System on the Switch can be assigned an IP address and subnet mask, and then be used to connect a management station to the Switch's Telnet or Web-based management agent. 24 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 4. Assigning the Switch an IP Address In the above example, the Switch was assigned an IP address of 10.58.44.6 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0. The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully. The Switch can now be configured and managed via Telnet and the CLI or via the Web-based management. 25 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 5 Web-based Switch Configuration Introduction Login To Web manager Web-Based User Interface Basic Setup Reboot Basic Switch Setup Network Management Switch Utilities Network Monitoring IGMP Snooping Status Introduction All software functions of the Switch can be managed, configured and monitored via the embedded web-based (HTML) interface. The Switch can be managed from remote stations anywhere on the network through a standard browser such as Opera, Netscape Navigator/Communicator, or Microsoft Internet Explorer. The browser acts as a universal access tool and can communicate directly with the Switch using the HTTP protocol. The Web-based management module and the Console program (and Telnet) are different ways to access the same internal switching software and configure it. Thus, all settings encountered in webbased management are the same as those found in the console program. Login to Web Manager To begin managing your Switch, simply run the browser you have installed on your computer and point it to the IP address you have defined for the device. The URL in the address bar should read something like: http://123.123.123.123, where the numbers 123 represent the IP address of the Switch. NOTE: The Factory default IP address for the Switch is 10.90.90.90. This opens the management module's user authentication window, as seen below. 26 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 5- 1. Enter Network Password window Leave both the User Name field and the Password field blank and click OK. This will open the Webbased user interface. The Switch management features available in the web-based manager are explained below. Web-based User Interface The user interface provides access to various Switch configuration and management screens, allows you to view performance statistics, and permits you to graphically monitor the system status. Areas of the User Interface The figure below shows the user interface. The user interface is divided into three distinct areas as described in the table. Area 2 Area 1 Area 3 Figure 5- 2. Main Web-Manager page Area Area 1 Function Select the menu or window to be displayed. The folder icons can be opened to display the hyperlinked menu buttons and subfolders contained within them. Click 27 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch the D-Link logo to go to the D-Link website. Area 2 Presents a graphical near real-time image of the front panel of the Switch. This area displays the Switch's ports and expansion modules, showing port activity, duplex mode, or flow control, depending on the specified mode. Various areas of the graphic can be selected for performing management functions, including port configuration. Area 3 Presents switch information based on your selection and the entry of configuration data. NOTICE: Any changes made to the Switch configuration during the current session must be saved in the Save Changes web menu (explained below) or use the command line interface (CLI) command save. Web Pages When you connect to the management mode of the Switch with a web browser, a login window is displayed. Enter a user name and password to access the Switch's management mode. Below is a list and description of the main folders available in the web interface: Administration ­ Contains windows concerning Device Information, IP Address, Port Configuration, User Accounts, Port Mirroring, System Log Settings, System Severity Settings, SNTP Settings, MAC Notification Settings, TFTP Services, Mulitple Image Services, Ping Test, SNMP Manager, and Single IP Management Settings Layer 2 Features ­ Contains windows concerning VLAN, Trunking, IGMP Snooping, Spanning Tree, and Forwarding. Layer 3 Features ­ Contains windows concerning IP Interface Settings, MD5 Key Settings, Route Redistribution Settings, Static/Dynamic Route Setings, Route Preference Settings, Static ARP Settings, RIP, OSPF, DHCP/BOOTP Relay, DNS Relay, VRRP, and IP Multicast Routing Settings. QoS ­ Contains windows concerning Bandwidth Control, QoS Scheduling Mechanism, QoS Output Scheduling, 802.1P Default Priority and 802.1P User Priority. ACL ­ Contains the window for Access Profile Table. Security ­ Contains windows for Traffic Control, Port Security, Port Lock Entries, 802.1x, Trusted Host, Access Authentication Control, Traffic Segmentation, SSL, SSH, and IP-MAC Binding. Monitoring ­ Contains the window for Device Status, CPU Utilization, Port Utilization, Packet Errors, Packet Size, Browse Router Port, Port Access Control, MAC Address Table, IP Address Table, Browse Routing Table, Browse ARP Table, Browse IP Mulitcast Forwarding Table, IGMP Snooping Group, IGMP Snooping Forwarding, Browse IGMP Group Table, DVMRP Monitor, OSPF Monitor and Switch Log. Monitoring ­ Contains windows concerning monitoring the Switch, pertaining to Port Utilization, CPU Utilization, Packets, Errors Size, MAC Address, IGMP Snooping Group, IGMP Snooping Forwarding, VLAN Status, Router Port, Port Access Control and Layer 3 Feature. NOTE: Be sure to configure the user name and password in the User Accounts menu before connecting the Switch to the greater network. 28 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 6 Administration Device Information IP Address PoE Port Configuration User Accounts Port Mirroring System Log Settings System Severity Settings SNTP Settings MAC Notification Settings TFTP Services Mulitple Image Services Ping Test SNMP Manager Single IP Management Settings Device Information The Device Information window contains the main settings for all major functions for the Switch. It appears automatically when you log on to the Switch. To return to the Device Information window after viewing other windows, click the DES-3828 Web Management Tool folder. The Device Information window shows the Switch's MAC Address (assigned by the factory and unchangeable), the Boot PROM, Firmware Version, and Hardware Version. This information is helpful to keep track of PROM and firmware updates and to obtain the Switch's MAC address for entry into another network device's address table, if necessary. The user may also enter a System Name, System Location and System Contact to aid in defining the Switch, to the user's preference. In addition, this screen displays the status of functions on the Switch to quickly assess their current global status. Some Functions are hyper-linked for easy access from the Device Information window. 29 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 1. Device Information window 30 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The fields that can be configured are described below: Parameter Serial Port Auto Logout Time Description Select the logout time used for the console interface. This automatically logs the user out after an idle period of time, as defined. Choose from the following options: 2 Minutes, 5 Minutes, 10 Minutes, 15 Minutes or Never. The default setting is 10 minutes. This field specifies the baud rate for the serial port on the Switch. This fields menu is set at 115200 and cannot be changed. This field specifies the length of time a learned MAC Address will remain in the forwarding table without being accessed (that is, how long a learned MAC Address is allowed to remain idle). To change this, type in a different value representing the MAC address age-out time in seconds. The MAC Address Aging Time can be set to any value between 10 and 1,000,000 seconds. The default setting is 300 seconds. To enable system-wide IGMP Snooping capability select Enabled. IGMP snooping is Disabled by default. Enabling IGMP snooping allows you to specify use of a multicast router only (see below). To configure IGMP Snooping for individual VLANs, use the IGMP Snooping window under the IGMP folder. This field specifies that the Switch should only forward all multicast traffic to a multicast-enabled router, if enabled. Otherwise, the Switch will forward all multicast traffic to any IP router. The default is Disabled. Use this pull-down menu to enable or disable GVRP on the Switch. Telnet configuration is Enabled by default. If you do not want to allow configuration of the system through Telnet choose Disabled. The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The "wellknown" TCP port for the Telnet protocol is 23. Web-based management is Enabled by default. If you choose to disable this by selecting Disabled, you will lose the ability to configure the system through the web interface as soon as these settings are applied. Remote monitoring (RMON) of the Switch is Enabled or Disabled here. Simple Network Monitoring Protocol (SNMP) of the Switch is Enabled or Disabled here. The Default is Disabled. The algorithm that the Switch uses to balance the load across the ports that make up the port trunk group is defined by this definition. Choose MAC Source, MAC Destination, MAC Src & Dest, IP Source, IP Destination or IP Src & Dest (See the Link Aggregation section of this manual). MAC Address may enable by port or the Switch's 802.1x function; the default is Disabled. This field must be enabled to view and configure certain windows for 802.1x. More information regarding 802.1x, its functions and implementation can be found later in this section, under the Port Access Entity folder. Port-Based 802.1x specifies that ports configured for 802.1x are initialized based on the port number only and are subject to any authorization parameters configured. MAC-based Authorization specifies that ports configured for 802.1x are initialized based on the port number and the MAC address of the computer being authorized and are then subject to any authorization parameters configured. The user may use the pull-down menu to choose between radius eap and radius pap for the 802.1x authentication protocol on the Switch. The default setting is radius eap. If this option is enabled it prevents the forwarding of data to a port that is blocked. Traffic that would normally be sent to the buffer memory of the Switch's TX queue is dropped so that memory usage is conserved and performance across all ports remains high. 31 Serial Baud Rate MAC Address Aging Time IGMP Snooping Multicast Router Only GVRP Status Telnet Status Telnet TCP Port Number (1-65535) Web Status RMON Status SNMP Status Link Aggregation Algorithm 802.1x Status 802.1x Authentication Protocol HOL Prevention xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Jumbo Frame Syslog Global State DVMRP State PIM DM State RIP State OSPF State ARP Aging Time (065535) This field will enable or disable the Jumbo Frame function on the Switch. The default is Disabled. Enables or disables Syslog State; default is Disabled. The user may globally enable or disable the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) function by using the pull down menu. The user may globally enable or disable the Protocol Independent Multicast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM) function by using the pull down menu. The user may globally enable or disable the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) function by using the pull down menu. The user may globally enable or disable the Open Shortest Path first (OSPF) function by using the pull down menu. The user may globally set the maximum amount of time, in minutes, that an Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) entry can remain in the Switch's ARP table, without being accessed, before it is dropped from the table. The value may be set in the range of 065535 minutes with a default setting of 20 minutes. The user may globally enable or disable the CPU Interface Filtering function by using the pull down menu. CPU Interface Filtering Click Apply to implement changes made. IP Address The IP Address may initially be set using the console interface prior to connecting to it through the Ethernet. If the Switch IP address has not yet been changed, read the introduction of the xStack DES3800 Series CLI Manual or return to Section 4 of this manual for more information. To change IP settings using the web manager you must access the IP Address menu located in the Administration folder. To configure the Switch's IP address: Open the Administration folder and click the IP Address menu link. The web manager will display the Switch's current IP settings in the IP configuration menu, as seen below. Figure 6- 2. IP Address Settings window To manually assign the Switch's IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: 1. Select Manual from the Get IP From drop-down menu. 2. Enter the appropriate IP Address and Subnet Mask. 32 xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 3. If you want to access the Switch from a different subnet from the one it is installed on, enter the IP address of the Default Gateway. If you will manage the Switch from the subnet on which it is installed, you can leave the default address (0.0.0.0) in this field. 4. If no VLANs have been previously configured on the Switch, you can use the default VLAN Name. The default VLAN contains all of the Switch ports as members. If VLANs have been previously configured on the Switch, you will need to enter the VLAN ID of the VLAN that contains the port connected to the management station that will access the Switch. The Switch will allow management access from stations with the same VID listed here. NOTE: The Switch's factory default IP address is 10.90.90.90 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 and a default gateway of 0.0.0.0. To use the BOOTP or DHCP protocols to assign the Switch an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: Use the Get IP From pull-down menu to choose from BOOTP or DHCP. This selects how the Switch will be assigned an IP address on the next reboot. NOTE: If you enable the AutoConfig, the Get IP From setting will automatically become DHCP. The IP Address Settings options are: Parameter BOOTP Description The Switch will send out a BOOTP broadcast request when it is powered up. The BOOTP protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by a central BOOTP server. If this option is set, the Switch will first look for a BOOTP server to provide it with this information before using the default or previously entered settings. The Switch will send out a DHCP broadcast request when it is powered up. The DHCP protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by a DHCP server. If this option is set, the Switch will first look for a DHCP server to provide it with this information before using the default or previously entered settings. Allows the entry of an IP address, Subnet Mask, and a Default Gateway for the Switch. These fields should be of the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number (represented in decimal form) between 0 and 255. This address should be a unique address on the network assigned for use by the network administrator. A Bitmask that determines the extent of the subnet that the Switch is on. Should be of the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number (represented in decimal) between 0 and 255. The value should be 255.0.0.0 for a Class A network, 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, and 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network, but custom subnet masks are allowed. IP address that determines where packets with a destination address outside the current subnet should be sent. This is usually the address of a router or a host acting as an IP gateway. If your network is not part of an intranet, or you do not want the Switch to be accessible outside your local network, you can leave this field unchanged. This allows the entry of a VLAN Name from which a management station will be allowed to manage the Switch using TCP/IP (in-band via web manager or Telnet). Management stations that are on VLANs other than the one entered here will not be 33 DHCP