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D-Link DGS-1216T 16-Port 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Switch + 2-Port mini GBIC Web-Smart Switch Manual Second Edition Building Networks for People TABLE OF CONTENT About This Guide................................................................................. 1 Purpose ............................................................................................ 1 Terms/Usage .................................................................................... 1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 3 Gigabit Ethernet Technology ........................................................... 3 Fast Ethernet Technology ................................................................ 4 Switching Technology ..................................................................... 5 VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network).............................................. 6 Features............................................................................................ 6 Unpacking and Installation .................................................................. 9 Unpacking........................................................................................ 9 Installation ....................................................................................... 9 Rack Mounting .............................................................................. 10 Connecting Network Cable............................................................ 11 AC Power....................................................................................... 11 Identifying External Components ...................................................... 13 Front Panel..................................................................................... 13 Rear Panel ...................................................................................... 14 Understanding LED Indicators .......................................................... 15 Power and System LEDs ............................................................... 15 Ports 1~16 Status LEDs ................................................................. 16 Option Ports mini-GBIC 15 & mini-GBIC 16 mini-GBIC Status LEDs .............................................................................................. 17 Configuration ..................................................................................... 18 i Installing the Web Management Utility......................................... 18 Discovery List................................................................................ 19 Monitor List ................................................................................... 20 Device Setting................................................................................ 22 Toolbar........................................................................................... 23 Configuring the Switch .................................................................. 24 Login.............................................................................................. 25 Setup Menu .................................................................................... 26 Configuring Setup Setting.............................................................. 28 Port Settings............................................................................... 28 VLAN Settings (Virtual Local Area Network) .......................... 31 Trunk Setting ............................................................................. 32 Mirror Setting............................................................................. 32 IEEE 802.1P QoS Setting .......................................................... 33 Spanning Tree Setting................................................................ 33 SNMP Setting ............................................................................ 35 Jumbo Frame Setting ................................................................. 41 Device Status ............................................................................. 41 Statistic....................................................................................... 42 System Setting ........................................................................... 43 Trap Setting................................................................................ 44 Set Password .............................................................................. 45 Backup Setting ........................................................................... 46 Reset Setting .............................................................................. 46 Logout............................................................................................ 47 ii Technical Specifications .................................................................... 48 iii ABOUT THIS GUIDE Congratulations on your purchase of the DGS-1216T 16-Port 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet+2-Port Mini GBIC Web Smart Switch. This device integrates 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet, 100Mbps Fast Ethernet and 10Mbps Ethernet network capabilities in a highly flexible package. Purpose This guide discusses how to install and configure the DGS-1216T Web Smart Switch. Terms/Usage In this guide, the term "Switch" (first letter upper case) refers to your DGS-1216T Web Smart Switch, and "switch" (first letter lower case) refers to other Ethernet switches. 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the features of the DGS-1216T and some background information about Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet switching technology. Gigabit Ethernet Technology Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet utilizing the same packet structure, format, and support for CSMA/CD protocol, full duplex, flow control, and management objects, but with a tenfold increase in theoretical throughput over 100-Mbps Fast Ethernet and a hundredfold increase over 10-Mbps Ethernet. Since it is compatible with all 10-Mbps and 100-Mbps Ethernet environments, Gigabit Ethernet provides a straightforward upgrade without wasting a company's existing investment in hardware, software, and trained personnel. The increased speed and extra bandwidth offered by Gigabit Ethernet is essential to coping with the network bottlenecks that frequently develop as computers and their busses get faster and more users use applications that generate more traffic. Upgrading key components, such as your backbone and servers to Gigabit Ethernet can greatly improve network response times as well as significantly speed up the traffic between your subnets. Gigabit Ethernet enables fast optical fiber connections to support video conferencing, complex imaging, and similar data-intensive applications. Likewise, since data transfers occur 10 times faster than Fast Ethernet, servers outfitted with Gigabit Ethernet NIC's are able to perform 10 times the number of operations in the same amount of time. In addition, the phenomenal bandwidth delivered by Gigabit Ethernet is the most cost-effective method to take advantage of today and 3 tomorrow's rapidly improving switching and routing internetworking technologies. And with expected advances in the coming years in silicon technology and digital signal processing that will enable Gigabit Ethernet to eventually operate over unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cabling, outfitting your network with a powerful 1000-Mbpscapable backbone/server connection creates a flexible foundation for the next generation of network technology products. Fast Ethernet Technology The growing importance of LANs and the increasing complexity of desktop computing applications are fueling the need for high performance networks. A number of high-speed LAN technologies have been proposed to provide greater bandwidth and improve client/server response times. Among them, 100BASE-T (Fast Ethernet) provides a non-disruptive, smooth evolution from the current 10BASE-T technology. The non-disruptive and smooth evolution nature, and the dominating potential market base, virtually guarantees cost-effective and high performance Fast Ethernet solutions. 100Mbps Fast Ethernet is a standard specified by the IEEE 802.3 LAN committee. It is an extension of the 10Mbps Ethernet standard with the ability to transmit and receive data at 100Mbps, while maintaining the CSMA/CD Ethernet protocol. Since the 100Mbps Fast Ethernet is compatible with all other 10Mbps Ethernet environments, it provides a straightforward upgrade and takes advantage of the existing investment in hardware, software, and personnel training. 4 Switching Technology Another approach to pushing beyond the limits of Ethernet technology is the development of switching technology. A switch bridges Ethernet packets at the MAC address level of the Ethernet protocol transmitting among connected Ethernet or Fast Ethernet LAN segments. Switching is a cost-effective way of increasing the total network capacity available to users on a local area network. A switch increases capacity and decreases network loading by dividing a local area network into different segments, which don't compete with each other for network transmission capacity. The switch acts as a high-speed selective bridge between the individual segments. The switch, without interfering with any other segments, automatically forwards traffic that needs to go from one segment to another. By doing this the total network capacity is multiplied, while still maintaining the same network cabling and adapter cards. Switching LAN technology is a marked improvement over the previous generation of network bridges, which were characterized by higher latencies. Routers have also been used to segment local area networks, but the cost of a router, the setup and maintenance required make routers relatively impractical. Today switches are an ideal solution to most kinds of local area network congestion problems. 5 VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) A VLAN is a group of end-stations that are not constrained by their physical location and can communicate as if a common broadcast domain, a LAN. The primary utility of using VLAN is to reduce latency and need for routers, using faster switching instead. Other VLAN utility includes: Security, Security is increased with the reduction of opportunity in eavesdropping on a broadcast network because data will be switched to only those confidential users within the VLAN. Cost Reduction, VLANs can be used to create multiple broadcast domains, thus eliminating the need of expensive routers. Port-based (or port-group) VLAN is the common method of implementing a VLAN, and is the one supplied in the Switch. Features 16×10/100/1000Mbps Auto-negotiation Gigabit Ethernet ports All RJ45 ports support auto MDI/MDIX, so there is no need to use cross-over cables or an up-link port Half duplex transfer mode for connection speed 10Mbps and 100Mbps Full duplex transfer mode for connection speed of 10Mbps, 100Mbps and 1000Mbsps Wire speed reception and transmission Store-and-Forward switching scheme capability to support rate adaptation and ensure data integrity 6 Up to 8K unicast addresses entities per device, self-learning, and table aging 512KBytes packet buffer Supports IEEE 802.3x flow control for full-duplex mode ports Supports IEEE 802.1Q-based VLAN Supports IEEE 802.1P-based QoS Supports Port-trunking Supports Port-mirroring Supports Port-setting for Speed/Disable, Flow control and Port Priority Support Jumbo-frame setting Supports IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree protocol Support Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Supports MIB for: RFC1213 MIB II. Private MIB. Easy configuration via WEB Browser Easy setting via Web Management Utility Standard 19" Rack-mount size 7 UNPACKING AND INSTALLATION This chapter provides unpacking and installation information for the Switch. Unpacking Open the shipping cartons of the Switch and carefully unpacks its contents. The carton should contain the following items: One DGS-1216T Web Smart Switch One AC power cord, suitable for your area's electrical power connections Four rubber feet to be used for shock cushioning Screws and two mounting brackets CD-Rom with Web Management Utility and User's Guide Quick Installation Guide If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local reseller for replacement. Installation The site where you install the hub stack may greatly affect its performance. When installing, consider the following pointers: Install the Switch in a fairly cool and dry place. See Technical Specifications for the acceptable temperature and humidity operating ranges. Install the Switch in a site free from strong electromagnetic field generators (such as motors), vibration, dust, and direct exposure to sunlight. 9 Leave at least 10cm of space at the front and rear of the hub for ventilation. Install the Switch on a sturdy, level surface that can support its weight, or in an EIA standard-size equipment rack. For information on rack installation, see the next section, Rack Mounting. When installing the Switch on a level surface, attach the rubber feet to the bottom of each device. The rubber feet cushion the hub and protect the hub case from scratching. Figure 1. Attach the adhesive rubber pads to the bottom Rack Mounting The switch can be mounted in an EIA standard-size, 19-inch rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment. Attach the mounting brackets at the switch's front panel (one on each side), and secure them with the provided screws. Figure 2. Combine the Switch with the provided screws 10 Then, use screws provided with the equipment rack to mount each switch in the rack. Figure 3. Mount the Switch in the rack Connecting Network Cable The Switch supports 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet that runs in Autonegotiation mode and 10Mbps Ethernet or 100Mbps Fast Ethernet that runs both in half and full duplex mode and 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet runs in full duplex mode using four pair of Category 5 Cable. These RJ-45 ports are Auto-MDI type port. The Switch can auto transform to MDI-II or MDI-X type, so you can just make an easy connection that without worrying if you are using a standard or crossover RJ45 cable. AC Power The Switch used the AC power supply 100-240V AC, 50-60 Hz. The power switch is located at the rear of the unit adjacent to the AC power connector and the system fan. The switch's power supply will adjust to the local power source automatically and may be turned on without having any or all LAN segment cables connected. 11 IDENTIFYING EXTERNAL COMPONENTS This chapter describes the front panel, rear panel, and LED indicators of the Switch. Front Panel The figure below shows the front panels of the Switch. Figure 4. Front panel of 16-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch LED Indicator: Comprehensive LED indicators display the status of the switch and the network (see the LED Indicators chapter below). Gigabit Ethernet Ports (Port 1~16): The Switch sixteen Gigabit twisted pair ports, supported auto negotiable 10/100/1000Mbps and auto MDI/MDIX crossover detection function, this function gives true "plug and play" capability, just need to plug-in the network cable to the hub directly and don't care if the end node is NIC (Network Interface Card) or switch and hub. These ports can operate in half-duplex mode 10/100/1000Mbps. for 10/100Mbps and fullduplex mode for Mini GBIC Ports The Switch is equipped with two mini-GBIC ports, supported optional 1000BASE-SX/LX mini-GBIC module. Note: When the port was set to "Forced Mode", the Auto MDI/MDIX will be disabled. 13 Rear Panel Reset button Figure 5. Rear panel of the Switch AC Power Connector: This is a three-pronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug in the female connector of the provided power cord into this connector, and the male into a power outlet. Supported input voltages range from 100-240V AC at 50-60Hz. Reset: The Reset button is to reset all the setting back to the factory default. Note: Be sure that you recorded the setting of your device, else all the setting will be erased when pressing the "Reset" button. 14 UNDERSTANDING LED INDICATORS The front panel LEDs provides instant status feedback, and, helps monitor and troubleshoot when needed. Figure 6. LED indicators of the Switch Power and System LEDs POWER: Power Indicator On Off : When the Power LED lights on, the Switch is receiving power. : When the Power turns off or the power cord has improper connection. CPU: Management Indicator Blinking On/Off : When the CPU is working, the System LED is blinking. : The CPU is not working. 15 Ports 1~16 Status LEDs Link/ACT: Link/Activity On Blinking Off : : : When the Link/ACT LED lights on, the respective port is successfully connected to an Ethernet network. When the Link/ACT LED is blinking, the port is transmitting or receiving data on the Ethernet network. No link. 1000Mbps On Off : : When the 1000Mbps LED lights on, the respective port is connected to a 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet network. When the respective port is connected to a 10Mbps Ethernet or 100Mbps Fast Ethernet network 100Mbps On Off : : When the 100Mbps LED lights on, the respective port is connected to a 100Mbps Fast Ethernet network. When the respective port is connected to a 10Mbps Ethernet or 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet network. 16 Option Ports mini-GBIC 15 & mini-GBIC 16 mini-GBIC Status LEDs Link/ACT: Link/Activity On : When the mini-GBIC module is installed and connected to a network, the Link/ACT LED lights on. When the LED is blinking, the mini-GBIC module is receiving data on a network. No link. Blinking : Off : 1000Mbps On Off : When the 1000Mbps LED lights on, the respective port is connected to a 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet network. : When the respective port is disconnected to the network 17 CONFIGURATION Through the Web Browser you can configure the Switch such as VLAN, Trunking, QoS... etc. With the attached Web Management Utility, you can easily discover all the Web Management Switch, assign the IP Address, changing the password and upgrading the new firmware. Installing the Web Management Utility The following gives instructions guiding you through the installations of the Web Management utility. 1. 2. 3. Insert the Utility CD in the CD-Rom Drive. From the Start menu on the Windows desktop, choose Run. In the Run dialog box, type D:\Web Management Utility\setup.exe (D:\ depends where your CD-Rom drive is located) and click OK. Follow the on-screen instructions to install the utility. Upon completion, go to Program Files -> web_management_utility and execute the Web Management utility. (Figure 7) 4. 5. 18 Figure 7. Web Management Utility The Web Management Utility was divided into four parts, Discovery List, Monitor List, Device Setting and Toolbar function, for details instruction, follow the below section. Discovery List This is the list where you can discover all the Web management devices in the entire network. By pressing the "Discovery" button, you can list all the Web Management devices in the discovery list. Double click or press the "Add to monitor list" button to select a device from the Discovery List to the Monitor List. 19 System word definitions in the Discovery List: MAC Address: Shows the device MAC Address. IP Address: Shows the current IP address of the device. Protocol version: Shows the version of the Utility protocol. Product Name: Shows the device product name. System Name: Shows the appointed device system name. Location: Shows where the device is located. Trap IP: Shows the IP where the Trap to be sent. Subnet Mask: Shows the Subnet Mask set of the device. Gateway: Shows the Gateway set of the device. Monitor List All the Web Smart Device in the Monitor List can be monitored; you can also receive the trap and show the status of the device. System word definitions in the Monitor List: S: Shows the system symbol of the Web-Smart device, represent for device system is not alive. IP Address: Shows the current IP address of the device. MAC Address: Shows the device MAC Address. Protocol version: Shows the version of the Utility protocol. Product Name: Shows the device product name. System Name: Shows the appointed device system name. Location: Shows where the device is located. Trap IP: Shows the IP where the Trap to be sent. Subnet Mask: Shows the Subnet Mask set of the device. Gateway: Shows the Gateway set of the device. 20 View Trap: The Trap function can receive the events that happen from the Web Management Switch in the Monitor List. There is a light indicator behind the "View Trap" button, when the light indicates in green, it means that there is no trap transmitted, and else when it indicates in red, it means that there is new trap transmitted, this is to remind us to view the trap. (Figure 8) Figure 8. When the "View Trap" button is clicked, a Trap Information window will pop out, it will show the trap information including the Symbol, Time, Device IP and the Event occured. (Figure 9) The symbol " " represents the trap signal arise, this symbol will disappear after you review and click on the event record. Figure 9. Trap information Note: In order to receive Trap information, switch has to be configured with Trap IP and Trap Events in Web browser, which are available in the Trap Setting Menu (see Page 44 for detail). Add Item: To add a device to the Monitor List manually, enter the IP Address of the device that you want to monitor. Delete Item: To delete the device in the Monitor List. 21 Device Setting You can set the device by using the function key in the Device Setting Dialog box. Configuration Setting: In this Configuration Setting, you can set the IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, Set Trap to (Trap IP Address), System name and Location. Select the device in the Discovery list or Monitor List and press this button, then the Configuration Setting window will pop out as Figure 10, after filling up the data that you want to change, you must fill up the password and press the "Set" to process the data changed immediately. Figure 10. Configuration Setting Password Change: You can use this Password Change when you need to change the password, fill in the password needed in the dialog box and press "Set" button to proceed the password change immediately. Figure 11. Password Change 22 Firmware Upgrade: When the device has a new function, there will be a new firmware to update the device, use this function to update. Figure 12. Firmware upgrade Web Access: Double click the device in the Monitor List or select a device in the Monitor List and press this "Web Access" button to access the device in Web browser. Toolbar The toolbar in the Web Management Utility have four main tabs, File, View, Options and Help. In the "File TAB", there are Monitor Save, Monitor Save As, Monitor Load and Exit. Monitor Save: To record the setting of the Monitor List to the default, when you open the Web Management Utility next time, it will auto load the default recorded setting. Monitor Save As: To record the setting of the Monitor List in appointed filename and file path. Monitor Load: To manually load the setting file of the Monitor List. 23 Exit: To exit the Web Management Utility. In the "View TAB", there are view log and clear log function, this function will help you to show trap setting. View Log: To show the event of the Web Management Utility and the device. Clear Log: to clear the log. In the "Option TAB", there are Refresh Time function, this function helps you to refresh the time of monitoring the device. Choose 15 secs, 30 secs, 1 min, 2 min and 5 min to select the time of monitoring. In the "Help TAB", there is About function, it will show out the version of the Web Management Utility. Configuring the Switch The DGS-1216T Web Smart Switch has a Web GUI interface for smart switch configuration. The Switch can be configured through the Web Browser. A network administrator can manage, control and monitor the switch from the local LAN. This section indicates how to configure the Switch to enable its smart functions including: Port Setting (Speed/Disable, Duplex mode, Flow Control) Virtual LAN Group setting (VLAN) Port Trunking Port Mirroring QoS Jumbo frame Spanning Tree SNMP System Setting Device status and Statistic 24 Login Before you configure this device, note that when the Web Smart Switch is configured through an Ethernet connection, make sure the manager PC must be set on same the IP network. For example, when the default network address of the default IP address of the Web Smart Switch is 192.168.0.1, then the manager PC should be set at 192.168.0.x (where x is a number between 2 and 254), and the default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. Open Internet Explorer 5.0 or above Web browser. Enter IP address http://192.168.0.1 (the factory-default IP address setting) to the address location. Figure 13. Or through the Web Management Utility, you do not need to remember the IP Address, select the device shown in the Monitor List of the Web Management Utility to settle the device on the Web Browser. When the following dialog page appears, remain enter the default password "admin" and press Login to enter the main configuration window. Figure 14. 25 After entering the password, the main page comes up, the screen will display the device status. Figure 15. Device Status Setup Menu When the main page appears, find the Setup menu in the left side of the screen (Figure 16). Click on the setup item that you want to configure. There are fifteen options: Port Settings, VLAN Settings, Trunk Setting, Mirror Setting, QoS Setting, Spanning Tree Setting, SNMP Setting, Jumbo Frame Setting, Device Status, Statistic, System Settings, Trap Setting, Password Setting, Backup Setting and Reset Setting as shown in the Main Menu screen. 26 Figure 16. Setup menu 27 Configuring Setup Setting Find that there are eight items, including Port Settings, VLAN Settings, Trunk Settings, Mirror Settings, QoS Setting, Spanning Tree Setting, SNMP Setting and Jumbo Frame Setting in Setup menu. Port Settings In Port Settings menu (Figure 17), this page will show each port's status, press the ID parameter to set each port's Speed, Flow Control. When you need to renew the posted information, press the "Refresh" button. The Link Status in the screen will show the connection speed and duplex mode; else this dialog box will show down when the port is disconnected. Figure 17. Port Setting Note: 1. Be sure that you have to re-setting the Gigabit port when transferring the media type ( Fiber to Copper or Copper to Fiber ). 28 2. The priority of Gigabit Fiber port is higher than Copper. To change the port setting, click on the ID parameter to enter to the selected port to configure its Speed/Disable and Flow control setting. Figure 18. Speed/Disable: This setting has six modes--100M Full, 100M Half, 10M Full, 10M Half, Auto and Disable--for speed or port disable selections. Flow Control: This setting determines whether or not the Switch will be handling flow control. Set FlowCtrl to Enable for avoiding data transfer overflow. Or it sets to Disable; there is either no flow control or other hardware/software management. When the port is set to forced mode, then the flow control will automatically set to Disable. Default Priority: 29 The Default Priority is specific the 802.1P QoS priority level to related port, all of the received data packet will follow the Default Priority level forwarding data packet to other port. 30 VLAN Settings (Virtual Local Area Network) VID Table Setting: select the VID group that you set. When you select VID Table Setting, press "Add new VID" to create new VID group, from port 01 ~ port 16, select Untag Port, Tag Port or Not Member for each port. To save the VID group, press "Apply" button. To remove the selected VID group, select the VID group and press "Remove the VID" button. To modify the VID group setting, select the VID group and change the setting, and press "Apply" button to save the settings. Figure 19. 802.1Q VID Table Setting Port VID Setting: When you select Port VLAN setting, fill in each port's PVID value between 1 and 4094. Figure 20. 802.1Q Port VID Setting 31 Trunk Setting The Trunk function enables to cascade two or more devices with a larger bandwidths. There are two Trunk groups to be set; and there are default ports in each member. Checked "Enable" to use the trunk function, select the ports in each member to be trunk, and click "Apply" to activate the selected trunk group. Figure 21. Trunk Settings Be sure that the selected trunk setting port must connect to the device with a same VLAN group. Mirror Setting Port Mirroring is a method of monitoring network traffic that forwards a copy of each incoming and/or outgoing packet from one port of a network switch to another port where the packet can be studied. It enables the manager to keep close track of switch performance and alter it if necessary. Configuring the port mirroring by assigning a source port from which to copy all packets and a sniffer port where those packets will be sent. 32 The selection of the sniffer mode is as follow: TX (transmit) mode: this mode will duplicate the data transmit from the source port and forward to the sniffer port. RX (receive) mode: this mode will duplicate the data that send to the source and forward to the sniffer port. Both (transmit and receive) mode: this mode will duplicate both the data transmit from and data that send to the source port, then it will forward to the sniffer port. Figure 22. Mirror setting IEEE 802.1P QoS Setting To set the Switch QoS base on IEEE 802.1p, Figure 23. IEEE 802.1P-based QoS setting Spanning Tree Setting This Switch supports the 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol. Every segment will have a single path to the root bridge. All bridges listen for BPDU packets. However, BPDU packets are sent 33 more frequently - with every Hello packet. BPDU packets are sent even if a BPDU packet was not received. Therefore, each link between bridges is sensitive to the status of the link. Ultimately this difference results in faster detection of failed links, and thus faster topology adjustment. A draw-back of 802.1d is this absence of immediate feedback from adjacent bridges. Figure 24. Spanning Tree Setting STP Function: To selecting enable or disable STP function on the Switch. Bridge Priority: This value between 0 and 65535 to specify the priority for forwarding packets. The lower the value, the higher the priority. The default is 32768. Bridge Max Age: This value may be set to ensure that old information does not endlessly circulate through redundant paths in the network, preventing the effective propagation of the new information. Set by the Root Bridge, this value will aid in determining that the Switch has spanning tree configuration values consistent with other devices on the bridged LAN. If the value ages out and a BPDU has still not been received from the Root Bridge, the Switch will start sending its own BPDU to all other switches for permission to become the Root Bridge. If it turns out that your 34