® True RMS Multimeter 87 Users Manual PN 834192 August 1988 Rev.8, 4/97 © 1988, 1989, 1990, 1992,1993, 1994, 1997 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies. Interference Information This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception. It has been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device in accordance with the specifications of Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: · This device may not cause harmful interference. · This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. There is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of more of the following measures: · Reorient the receiving antenna · Relocate the equipment with respect to the receiver · Move the equipment away from the receiver · Plug the equipment into a different outlet so that the computer and receiver are on different branch circuits If necessary, the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions. The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful: How to Identify and Resolve Radio-TV Interference Problems. This booklet is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Stock No. 004-000-00345-4. Fluke Coporation P.O. Box 9090 Everett, WA 98206-9090 U.S.A. Fluke Europe B.V. P.O. Box 1186 5602 BD Eindhoven The Netherlands Table of Contents Title Introduction .................................................................................................................... Multimeter Safety ........................................................................................................... Getting Started Quickly .................................................................................................. How to Use the Meter..................................................................................................... Input Terminals and Input Alert ................................................................................. Pushbuttons............................................................................................................... Summary of Power-On Options................................................................................. Digital and Analog Displays....................................................................................... Holster and Flex-Stand.............................................................................................. Applications .................................................................................................................... Measuring Voltage (AC/DC) ...................................................................................... Measuring Current..................................................................................................... Continuity Testing...................................................................................................... Measuring Resistance ............................................................................................... Using Conductance for High Resistance or Leakage Tests ...................................... Page 1 2 3 6 6 8 13 13 17 17 19 19 20 20 21 i 87 Users Manual Noisy Resistance Measurements.............................................................................. Measuring Capacitance ............................................................................................ Diode Testing............................................................................................................ Using the Analog Display.......................................................................................... Using the MIN MAX Recording Mode ....................................................................... Measuring Frequency ............................................................................................... Measuring Duty Cycle ............................................................................................... Pulse Width Measurements ...................................................................................... Maintenance .................................................................................................................. General Maintenance................................................................................................ Calibration................................................................................................................. Battery Replacement ................................................................................................ Fuse Test W............................................................................................................. Fuse Replacement W............................................................................................... Service W................................................................................................................. Replaceable Parts ......................................................................................................... Specifications................................................................................................................. 22 22 23 24 24 26 27 29 29 29 30 30 30 32 32 33 36 ii List of Tables Table 1. 2 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Title Page International Electrical Symbols.......................................................................................... 3 Input Terminals and Limits.................................................................................................. 4 Beeper Response in Continuity Test .................................................................................. 7 Options Available at Power-on ......................................................................................... 14 Approximate Charge Rate for Capacitors......................................................................... 23 Frequency Counter Operation With Current Inputs .......................................................... 27 Replaceable Parts ............................................................................................................ 34 iii 87 Users Manual iv List of Figures Figure 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Title Page Summary of Pushbutton Operation .................................................................................... 9 Holster and Flex-Stand ..................................................................................................... 18 Duty Cycle Measurement of Typical Logic Signal............................................................. 28 Battery and Fuse Replacement ........................................................................................ 31 Replaceable Parts ............................................................................................................ 35 v 87 Users Manual vi Introduction Note This meter has been designed and tested according to IEC 1010-1, Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurements, Control, and Laboratory Use. This manual contains information and warnings which must be followed to ensure safe operation and retain the meter in safe condition. If the meter is not used as described in this manual, the safety features of the meter might be impaired. flexible stand (Flex-StandTM), protects the meter from rough handling. The flexible stand allows the meter to be stood or hung. The meter also provides: · A MIN MAX Recording mode, in which the meter "remembers" the lowest and highest readings, calculates the true average of all readings taken over a period as long as thirty-six hours, and displays these values. The beeper emits a Min Max AlertTM when a new minimum or maximum reading is recorded. A Peak MIN MAX mode that captures changes as short as 1 millisecond. An alternate Frequency Counter mode that measures duty cycle and displays it as a value between 0.1 and 99.9%. An Input AlertTM that causes the beeper to sound if the test leads are plugged into the wrong input terminals for the function being performed. A REL mode that allows you to store a reading in memory, and display the difference between the stored value and subsequent readings. Warning Read "Multimeter Safety" before using the meter. The Fluke 87 True RMS Multimeter (also referred to as "the meter") is a handheld, 4000-count instrument that is designed for use in the field, laboratory, and at home. The meter combines the precision of a digital meter with the speed and versatility of a high resolution analog display. Frequencies between 0.5 Hz and 200 kHz can be measured with up to 0.01 Hz resolution. The meter is powered by a 9V battery and has a rugged case sealed against dirt, dust, and moisture. A snap-on holster, with · · · · 1 87 Users Manual · A Touch Hold® mode that allows you to keep your eyes fixed on the probes when taking measurements in difficult or hazardous circumstances, then read the display when it is convenient and safe. A display back-light that makes the meter useable in dark areas. A 4 ½-digit display mode for a ten times increase in resolution. A Capacitance mode that measures capacitors from 0.01 nF to 5 µF. · · · · · Avoid working alone. Do not allow the meter to be used if it is damaged, or it's safety is impaired. Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation or exposed metal. Check test lead continuity. Damaged leads should be replaced. Be sure the meter is in good operating condition. During a continuity test, a meter reading that goes from overload (OL) to 0 generally means the meter is working properly. Select the proper function and range for your measurement. In order to maintain the safety protection of this meter, use only parts listed in the Service Manual. Refer to Table 7 for the Service Manual part number. CAT III: For making measurements on equipment in fixed installations (industrial). · · · · After unpacking the meter, if you notice that the meter is damaged or something is missing, contact the place of purchase immediately. Save the shipping container and packing material in case you have to reship the meter. Multimeter Safety Before using the meter, read the following safety information carefully. In this manual the word, "Warning," is reserved for conditions and actions that pose hazard(s) to the user; the word, "Caution," is reserved for conditions and actions that may damage your meter. The symbols shown in Table 1 are used internationally to denote the electrical functions and conditions indicated. If the meter is not used as described in this manual, the safety features of the meter might be impaired. · Warning To avoid electrical shock, use caution when working above 60V dc or 30V ac rms. Such voltages pose a shock hazard. 2 Getting Started Quickly Table 1. International Electrical Symbols Getting Started Quickly Examine the meter carefully, familiarizing yourself with the layout of the input terminals, rotary switch, pushbuttons and display. Notice the Warning information and summary of power-on options engraved into the rear panel. If you have used a multimeter before, simply examining your meter will probably give you a good idea how to use it. The following procedure is an overview of how to take basic measurements. B F C J · · AC-Alternating Current DC-Direct Current Either DC or AC Ground W T I See Explanation in Manual Double insulation (Protection Class II Fuse Disconnect the live test lead before disconnecting the common test lead. Follow all safety procedures for equipment being tested. Disconnect the input power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors through a protective impedance before testing in the and L functions. When making a current measurement, turn the power off before connecting the meter in the circuit. Check meter fuses before measuring current transformer secondary or motor winding current. (See "Fuse Test" in the "Maintenance" Section.) An open fuse may allow high voltage build-up, which is potentially hazardous. Warning To avoid electrical shock or damage to the meter, do not apply more than 1000V between any terminal and earth ground. 1. Insert the test leads in the appropriate input terminals (see Table 2). If the test leads are in the wrong input terminals w ...