GPS 120XL Marine Navigator ZOOM Owner's Manual & Reference ® Software Version 2.0 or above © 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS USA 66062 Tel: 913-397-8200 or 800-800-1020 Fax: 913-397-8282 Web Site Address: www.garmin.com GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey, SO51 9AQ, U.K. Tel: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 GARMIN (Asia) Corp. 4th Fl., No. 1., Lane 45, Pao-Hsing Road, Hsin Tein, Taiwan R.O.C. Phone: 886.02.917.3773 Fax: 886.02.917.1758 All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or manual, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express written permission of GARMIN. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements. GARMIN, Personal Navigator, AutoLocate,TracBack, and MultiTrac 8 are all trademarks of GARMIN Corporation and may not be used without the expressed permission of GARMIN. July 1997 - Part #190-00136-00 Rev. B - Printed in Taiwan. INTRODUCTION GPS 120XL OPERATOR'S MANUAL Overview Welcome to the easiest-to-use fixed-mount GPS on the water! The GPS 120XL represents GARMIN's continuing commitment to provide mariners with quality navigation information in a versatile, accurate and userfriendly design which will be useful for years to come. To get the most from your new GPS unit, it is important that you take the time to read through the operator's manual to understand the operating features of the GPS 120XL. The manual is organized into four sections for your convenience: Introduction gives a quick overview of the manual and contains the table of contents and glossary of navigation terms. Getting Started takes you through step-by-step instructions to initialize the receiver for first-time use and introduces you to the basic features of the unit with a quick-start orientation to the GPS 120XL. This section has been designed to acquaint you with the unit and provide a basic working knowledge necessary to use the unit in typical conditions. Reference provides detailed explanations of the advanced features and operations of the GPS 120XL in a topical format. This allows you to concentrate on a specific topic quickly, without reading through entire sections of text that you may not need. The Appendix section contains installation instructions and items with multiple listings, such as: map datams, time offsets, and the index. Packing List Before getting started with your GPS receiver, check to see that your GARMIN GPS 120XL package contains the following items. If you are missing any parts, please contact your dealer immediately. Standard Package: · GPS 120XL Unit · External Antenna with 30' cable · Power/Data Cable · Mounting Bracket with knobs · Owner's Manual · Quick Reference Card See your GARMIN dealer for accessories, including our PC kit. Thanks for choosing the GARMIN GPS 120XL. We hope it will help you meet all of your navigation needs. i INTRODUCTION Caution The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 120XL is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe. Use the GPS 120XL at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Operator's Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS 120XL to all available navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, maps, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation. NOTE: This device meets requirements for Part 15 of the FCC limits for Class B digital devices for home or office use. It has been tested for compliance with all necessary FCC standards. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to other equipment, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try and correct the interference by relocating the equipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuit than the affected equipment. Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified service technician for additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem. Operation is subject to the following conditions: (1) This device cannot cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. The GPS 120XL does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void your warranty and your authority to operate this device under Part 15 regulations. ii INTRODUCTION Table of Contents SECTION ONE Introduction Glossary/Navigation Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4 SECTION TWO Getting Started Turning On and Initializing the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7 Primary Page Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9 Marking a Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11 Position and Map Page Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-12 Going To a Waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Using the Highway Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Cancelling a GOTO and Clearing Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 SECTION THREE Reference Satellite Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-17 Position Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Marking, Saving, and Using Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-26 TracBack Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27-28 Creating and Using Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29-34 Using the Compass and Highway Navigation Pages . . . . . . . . . . . .35-37 Map Plotting, Zooming, and Cursor Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38-40 Menu Page and Distance/Sun Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Track Log Setup and TracBack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Interface Setup and DGPS Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43-45 System Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46-47 Navigation Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48-50 Map Page Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51-52 Alarms Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Navigation Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 Appendix A­­Unit and Antenna Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55-57 Appendix B--Specifications and Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58-59 Appendix C--Messages/Time Offsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60-61 Appendix D--Map Datums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62-64 Appendix E--Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65-66 1 INTRODUCTION Glossary The GPS 120XL is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below. Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate reference sections of the manual. Almanac Data Satellite constellation information (including location and health of satellites) that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS satellite. Almanac data must be acquired before GPS navigation can begin. Bearing The compass direction from your position to a destination. Course Made Good (CMG) The bearing from the "active from" position (your starting point) to your present position. Crosstrack Error (XTE) The distance you are off a desired course in either direction. Desired Track (DTK) The compass course between the "from" and "to" waypoints. Differential GPS (DGPS) An extension of the GPS system that uses land-based radio beacons to transmit position corrections to GPS receivers. Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) The time of day of your arrival at a destination. Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) The time left to your destination at your present speed. 2 INTRODUCTION Glossary Grid Coordinate system that projects the earth on a flat surface, using square zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed The velocity you are traveling relative to a ground position. Latitude The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth's polar axis. Longitude An east/west measurement of position in relation to the Prime Meridian, an imaginary circle that passes through the north and south poles. Navigation The process of traveling from one place to another and knowing where you are in relation to your desired course. Position An exact, unique location based on a geographic coordinate system. Track (TRK) The direction of movement relative to a ground position. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) A grid coordinate system that projects global sections onto a flat surface to measure position in specific zones. Velocity Made Good (VMG) The speed you are traveling in the direction of the destination. Waypoint A specific location saved in the receiver's memory. 3 INTRODUCTION Navigation Basics The GPS 120XL provides steering guidance and navigation information using degrees, a measurement measured in a clockwise direction from a north reference. North is described as 000º, east as 090º, south as 180º, and west as 270º. The diagram and compass rose below provide a graphic illustration of the navigation terms used by the GPS 120XL. More information on basic navigation and GPS are available at your local library or bookstore. "ACTIVE TO" WAYPOINT "A CT IV E NORTH NORTH BRG SP EE D TRK DTK "ACTIVE FROM" WAYPOINT 4 GR OU ND DIST LE G" ANC CK RA ST OS CR R RO ER E Getting Started with your GPS Welcome to the exciting world of GARMIN GPS! The GPS 120XL represents GARMIN's continuing commitment to provide marine users with quality navigation information in a versatile, user-friendly design they will enjoy for years to come. To get the most out of your GPS receiver, be sure to read through the initialization and Getting Started sections of this manual, and refer to the reference section for complete details on the GPS 120XL's advanced features. Initializing Your GPS for First-Time Use The first time you power up your new GPS 120XL is an important step in getting the best possible future GPS performance. Because a GPS receiver can only receive signals from satellites above the horizon, it needs to know what satellites to look for at any given time. By using an almanac (a timetable of satellite numbers and their orbits) stored in the receiver's memory, the GPS 120XL can determine the distance and position of any GPS satellite and then use this information to determine your position. To obtain this almanac data, your GPS receiver needs to be initialized -- or given the opportunity to "find itself"-- the very first time it is turned on. Once you have initialized the unit, the GPS 120XL will compute future fixes more rapidly, usually in a few minutes. Remember that initializing the unit is only necessary under the following conditions: · First-time use from the factory · If the receiver has been moved over 500 miles from the last calculated position with power off · If the receiver's memory has been cleared and all stored data has been lost GETTING STARTED Initialization Welcome Page The welcome page will appear as soon as the GPS 120XL is turned on and remain while the unit conducts a brief self-test. 5 GETTING STARTED Initializing the Receiver The receiver is shipped from the factory in AutoLocateTM mode, which enables the GPS 120XL to determine its location ...