GPS 12XL Personal Navigator Owner's Manual & Reference ® Software Version 3.0 or above © 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA Tel: 913-397-8200 or 800-800-1020 Fax: 913-397-8282 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire SO51 9AQ UK Tel: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 Web Site Address: www.garmin.com All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express written permission of GARMIN. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes. GARMIN, Personal Navigator, AutoLocate, TracBack, and PhaseTrac12 are all trademarks of GARMIN Corporation and may not be used without the expressed permission of GARMIN. June 1997 - Part Number 190-00134-00 Rev. C - Printed in Taiwan INTRODUCTION GPS 12XL Operator's Manual Packing List Thank you for choosing the GARMIN GPS 12XL --the smallest, easiest-to-use GPS navigator for outdoor use! The GPS 12XL represents GARMIN's continuing commitment to provide quality navigation information in a versatile and user-friendly flexible design you'll enjoy for years. To get the most from your new GPS, take the time to read through the owner's manual in order to understand the operating features of the GPS 12XL. This manual is organized into four sections for your convenience: Introduction gives a quick overview of the manual and contains the table of contents and the glossary of navigational terms. Getting Started introduces you to the basic features of the unit and provides a quick-start orientation to the GPS 12XL. Reference provides details about the advanced features and operations of the GPS 12XL by topic. The Appendix section contains initialization instructions and items with multiple listings, such as map datums, time offsets, and the index. Before getting started with your GPS, check to see that your GARMIN GPS 12XL package includes the following items. If you are missing any parts, please contact your dealer immediately. Standard Package: · GPS 12XL Unit · Wrist Strap · Carrying Case · Owner's Manual · Quick Reference Guide · 4 AA Batteries See your GARMIN dealer for accessories including our PC kit, swivel mounts, external antennas, and power/data cables. We at GARMIN hope the GPS 12XL will help you meet all of your navigation needs and know it will become a valuable piece of your outdoor gear. i INTRODUCTION Caution The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 12XL is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe. Use the GPS 12XL at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Operator's Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS 12XL to all available navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, maps, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation. NOTE: This device meets requirements for Part 15 of the FCC limits for Class B digital devices for home or office use. It has been tested for compliance with all necessary FCC standards. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to other equipment, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try and correct the interference by relocating the equipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuit than the affected equipment. Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified service technician for additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem. Operation is subject to the following conditions: (1) This device cannot cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. The GPS 12XL does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void your warranty and your authority to operate this device under Part 15 regulations. ii INTRODUCTION Table of Contents SECTION ONE Introduction Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3 SECTION TWO Getting Started Battery & Remote Antenna Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Keypad Usage & Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Primary Page Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7 Power On & Marking a Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Position Page, Map Basics, & Going To A Waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Compass Page & Cancelling A GOTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Clearing the Map Display, Screen Contrast, & Power Off . . . . . . . . . . .11 SECTION THREE Reference Satellite Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-13 Battery Level Indicator, Backlighting, and Emergency Erase . . . . . . . . .14 Position Page & User Selectable Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-16 Marking a Position & Position Averaging Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Waypoint Pages & Managing Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-23 TracBack Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24-25 Creating and Using Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26-30 Using the Compass & Highway Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31-34 Map Page, Zooming, & Panning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35-38 Map Page & Track Log Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38-40 Menu Page & Distance/Sun Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 System Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41-42 Navigation Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43-44 Interface Setup & DGPS Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-46 Navigation Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 SECTION FOUR Appendices Appendix A­­Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48-49 Appendix B--Specifications & Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50-51 Appendix C--Messages and Time Offsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52-53 Appendix D--Map Datums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54-55 Appendix E­­Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56-58 1 INTRODUCTION Glossary The GPS 12XL is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below. Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate reference sections of the manual. Almanac Data Satellite constellation information (including location and health of satellites) that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS satellite. Almanac data must be acquired before GPS navigation can begin. Bearing The compass direction from your position to a destination. Course Made Good (CMG) The bearing from the "active from" position (your starting point) to your present position. Crosstrack Error (XTK) The distance you are off a desired course in either direction. Desired Track (DTK) The compass course between the "from" and "to" waypoints. Differential GPS (DGPS) An extension of the GPS system that uses land-based radio beacons to transmit position corrections to GPS receivers. Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) The time of day of your arrival at a destination. Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) The time left to your destination at your present speed. 2 INTRODUCTION Glossary Grid Coordinate system that projects the earth on a flat surface, using square zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed The velocity you are traveling relative to a ground position. Latitude The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth's polar axis. Longitude An east/west measurement of position in relation to the Prime Meridian, an imaginary circle that passes through the north and south poles. Navigation The process of traveling from one place to another and knowing where you are in relation to your desired course. Position An exact, unique location based on a geographic coordinate system. Track (TRK) The direction of movement relative to a ground position. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) A grid coordinate system that projects global sections onto a flat surface to measure position in specific zones. Velocity Made Good (VMG) The speed you are traveling in the direction of the destination. Waypoint A specific location saved in the receiver's memory. 3 INTRODUCTION Battery Installation Battery Installation Remote Antenna Installation An optional remote antenna may be used with the GPS 12XL. The remote antenna will improve the receiving capabilities of the unit by magnifying weaker signals which the built-in antenna may not be able to use. The remote antenna is attached by plugging it into the connector on the back of the unit (see above). Contact your GARMIN dealer for remote antennas and accessories. The GPS 12XL operates on 4 AA batteries (included), which are installed at the base of the unit. These batteries provide up to 12 hours of use. To install the batteries: 1. Remove the battery cover by turning the thumb loop at the bottom of the unit 1/4 turn counterclockwise. 2. Insert the batteries into position. The battery pole you can still see should match the symbol (+ or ­) marked on the case. 3. Replace and secure the battery cover by turning the thumb loop 1/4 turn clockwise. Battery life varies due to a variety of factors, including temperature and backlighting. You may find that lithium batteries provide longer life in colder conditions. 4 INTRODUCTION Keypad Usage & Data Entry B P M G E Q U D LR Turns the unit on and off and activates screen backlighting. Scrolls through the main data pages in sequence and returns display from a submenu page to a primary page. Captures a position and displays the mark position page. Displays GOTO page with the waypoint highlighted for GOTO operation. Pressing GOTO twice activates MOB. Confirms data entry and activates highlighted fields to allow data entry. Returns display to a previous page, or restores a data field's previous value. Selects alphanumerical characters and menu choices and moves the field highlight from field to field. Moves the selected character field and moves the field highlight from field to field. DATA ENTRY The arrow keypad is used for all data entry. Use the U and D keys to select letters, numbers, and menu options; use the L and R keys to move the cursor forward or backward along the line. Press E to confirm your entry. 5 INTRODUCTION Primary Pages Before we start the tour, let's briefly look at the five primary information pages used for the GPS 12XL. Switch between pages by pressing either the Q or J keys. Primary Pages J Satellite Position Map Compass Menu Q Satellite Page The Satellite Page shows satellite positions and signal strength. Satellite positions are displayed using two circles and a center point. The outer circle shows satellites on level with the horizon; the inner circle is 45º above the horizon; and the center point represents satellites directly overhead. Knowing satellite positions will show you the direction of any blocked signals. The bottom of the page contains a row of signal strength bars corresponding to each satellite being used. Satellite Page The Satellite Page will allow you to monitor satellite signal reception and strength. Position Page The Position Page shows you where you are, what direction you're heading and how fast you're going. The top of the page contains a compass tape which is a graphic ...