GPS 48 Personal NavigatorTM Owner's Manual & Reference Software Version 4.55 or above © 1998-1999 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA Tel: 913-397-8200 Fax: 913-397-8282 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire SO51 9AQ UK Tel: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 GARMIN (Asia) Corp. No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Rd., Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan Tel: 011-886-2-2642-9199 Web Site Address: www.garmin.com All rights reserved. Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without prior written consent of GARMIN Corporation. GARMIN Corporation hereby grants permission to download a single copy of this manual onto a hard drive or other eletronic storage medium to be viewed for personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual contains the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual is strictly prohibited. Information in this manual is subject to change without notice. GARMIN Corporation reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes. Visit the GARMIN website (www.garmin.com) for current updates and supplemental information concerning the use and operation of this and other GARMIN products. GARMIN, Personal Navigator, AutoLocate, TracBack, and PhaseTrac12 are all trademarks of GARMIN Corporation and may not be used without the express permission of GARMIN Corporation. December 1999 - Part Number 190-00141-00 Rev. B - Printed in Taiwan Fax: 011-886-2-2642-9099 INTRODUCTION GPS 48 Owner's Manual Packing List Thank you for choosing the GARMIN GPS 48 --the smallest, easiestto-use GPS navigator for outdoor use! The GPS 48 represents GARMIN's continuing commitment to provide quality navigation information in a versatile and user-friendly flexible design you'll enjoy for years. To get the most from your new GPS, take the time to read through the owner's manual in order to understand the operating features of the GPS 48. This manual is organized into four sections for your convenience: Introduction gives a quick overview of the manual and contains the table of contents and the glossary of navigational terms. Getting Started introduces you to the basic features of the unit and provides a quick-start orientation to the GPS 48. Reference provides details about the advanced features and operations of the GPS 48 by topic. The Appendix section contains initialization instructions and items with multiple listings, such as map datums, time offsets, and the index. Before getting started with your GPS, check to see that your GARMIN GPS 48 package includes the following items. If you are missing any parts, please contact your dealer immediately. Standard Package: · GPS 48 Unit · Wrist Strap · Carrying Case · Owner's Manual · Quick Reference Guide · 4 AA Batteries See your GARMIN dealer for accessories including our PC kit, swivel mounts, external antennas, and power/data cables. We hope the GPS 48 will meet all of your navigation needs and know it will become a valuable part of your outdoor gear. i INTRODUCTION Caution The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 48 is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe. Use the GPS 48 at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Operator's Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS 48 to all available navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, maps, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation. NOTE: This device meets requirements for Part 15 of the FCC limits for Class B digital devices for home or office use. It has been tested for compliance with all necessary FCC standards. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to other equipment, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by relocating the equipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuit than the affected equipment. Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified service technician for additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem. Operation is subject to the following conditions: (1) This device cannot cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. The GPS 48 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void your warranty and your authority to operate this device under Part 15 regulations. ii INTRODUCTION Table of Contents SECTION ONE Introduction Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3 Navigation Basics & Key Pad Usage & Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5 SECTION TWO Getting Started Initializing for First Time Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7 Primary Page Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9 Power On & Marking a Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Position Page, Map Basics, & Going To A Waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Compass Page & Cancelling A GOTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Clearing the Map Display, Screen Contrast, & Power Off . . . . . . . . . . .13 SECTION THREE Reference Satellite Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-15 Battery Level Indicator, Backlighting, and Emergency Erase . . . . . . . . .16 Position Page & User Selectable Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-18 Map Page & Marine Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-21 Map Page, Zooming, Panning & Configuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22-23 Map Page, Track Log, City, & Navaid Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24-27 Using the Highway & Compass Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28-31 Marking a Position & Position Averaging Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Waypoint Pages & Managing Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33-37 Selecting a GOTO Destination & Man Overboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 TrackBack Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39-40 Creating & Using Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41-45 Menu Page & Distance/Sun Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 System Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46-48 Navigation Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49-51 Interface Setup & DGPS Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52-53 Alarms Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 Find City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Navigation Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 SECTION FOUR Appendices Appendix A­­Specifications & Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57-60 Appendix B--Messages and Time Offsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61-62 Appendix C--Map Datums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63-64 Appendix D--Navaid Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 Appendix E--Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66-68 1 INTRODUCTION Glossary The GPS 48 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below. Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate reference sections of the manual. Almanac Data Satellite constellation information (including location and health of satellites) that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS satellite. Almanac data must be acquired before GPS navigation can begin. Bearing The compass direction from your position to a destination. Course Made Good (CMG) The bearing from the "active from" position (your starting point) to your present position. Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) The sca;e on the highway page indicating amount of off corse deviation. Course To Steer (CTS) The bearing giving the most efficient direction to your destination. Crosstrack Error (XTK) The distance you are off a desired course in either direction. Desired Track (DTK) The compass course between the "from" and "to" waypoints. Differential GPS (DGPS) An extension of the GPS system that uses land-based radio beacons to transmit position corrections to GPS receivers. Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) The time of day of your arrival at a destination. 2 INTRODUCTION Glossary Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) The time left to your destination at your present speed. Grid Coordinate system that projects the earth on a flat surface, using square zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed (SPD) The velocity you are traveling relative to a ground position. Latitude The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth's polar axis. Longitude An east/west measurement of position in relation to the Prime Meridian, an imaginary circle that passes through the north and south poles. Navigation The process of traveling from one place to another and knowing where you are in relation to your desired course. Position An exact, unique location based on a geographic coordinate system. Track (TRK) The direction of movement relative to a ground position. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) A grid coordinate system that projects global sections onto a flat surface to measure position in specific zones. Velocity Made Good (VMG) The speed you are traveling in the direction of the destination. Waypoint A specific location saved in the receiver's memory. 3 INTRODUCTION Navigation Basics The GPS 48 provides steering guidance and navigation information using degrees, a measurement measured in a clockwise direction from a north reference. North is described as 000º, east as 090º, south as 180º, and west as 270º. The diagram and compass rose below provide a graphic illustration of the navigation terms used by the GPS 48. More information on basic navigation and GPS are available at your local library or bookstore. "ACTIVE TO" WAYPOINT "A CT IV NORTH NORTH EL BRG SP EE D DIST EG " TRK RA CK ER DTK "ACTIVE FROM" WAYPOINT 4 GR OU ND CR OS ST RO R ANC E INTRODUCTION Keypad Usage & Data Entry B P M G E Q U D LR Turns the unit on and off and activates screen backlighting. Scrolls through the main data pages in sequence and returns display from a submenu page to a primary page. Captures a position and displays the mark position page. Displays GOTO page with the waypoint highlighted for GOTO operation. Pressing GOTO twice activates MOB. Confirms data entry and activates highlighted fields to allow data entry. Returns display to a previous page, or restores a data field's previous value. Selects alphanumerical characters and menu choices and moves the field highlight from field to field. Moves the selected character field and moves the field highlight from field to field. DATA ENTRY The arrow keypad is used for all data entry. Use the U and D keys to select letters, numbers, and menu options; use the L and R keys to move the cursor forward or backward along the line. Press E to begin entering data, and to confirm your entry. 5 GETTING STARTED Initializing Your GPS 48 for First-Time Use The GPS 48 does not require initialization under normal day-to-day use. However, initialization may reduce the time it takes to compute a position fix after one of the following events: · After memory loss · When the receiver has been m ...