P4000 Installation & Operation ® ® ran t va no s U D AS ESIG SEM NE BLE D A D I ND NT HE SA PROFESSIONAL POWER AMPLIFIER AMPL NOTICE - IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION CAUTION RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT OPEN ! The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated "dangerous voltage" within the product's enclosure, that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons. The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user of the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance. the same three wire grounded connection. It is important that the blades of the equipment's plug be able to fully insert into the mating receptacle. Never remove the round grounding pin on the plug in an attempt to mate to a two wire ungrounded receptacle: use a grounding adaptor with the grounding tab or wire suitably connected to earth ground. 11. NON-USE PERIODS During periods of extended non-use, the power cord should be unplugged from the power source. 12. CLEANING The equipment should be cleaned only as detailed in the operating instructions. 13. OBJECT AND LIQUID ENTRY Care should be taken so that objects and/or liquids, such as cleaning fluids or beverages, are not spilled into the enclosure of the equipment. 14. DAMAGE REQUIRING SERVICE Hafler equipment should be serviced by qualified service personnel when: A. The power supply cord or plug has been damaged, or B. Objects have fallen onto, or liquid has been spilled into the equipment, or C. The equipment has been exposed to rain, or D. The equipment does not appear to operate normally or exhibits a marked change in performance, or E. The equipment has been dropped, or the enclosure has been damaged. 15. SERVICING The user should not attempt to service the equipment beyond that which is described in the operating instructions. All other service should be referred to qualified service personnel. 16. CARTS AND STANDS The equipment should be used with carts or stands only of sufficient strength and stability for the use intended. An equipment and cart combination should be moved with care. Quick stops and starts, excessive force, and uneven surfaces may cause the equipment and cart combination to topple. WARNING: TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE. 1. READ INSTRUCTIONS All the safety and operating instructions of your Hafler equipment should be read before power is applied to the equipment. RETAIN OWNER'S MANUAL These safety and operating instructions should be retained for future reference. HEED WARNINGS All warnings on the equipment and in the operating instructions are important and should be followed. FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS All operating and use instructions are important and should be followed. HEAT The equipment should be kept away from areas of high temperature, i.e., heater vents, radiators, stoves/ovens, fireplaces, etc. VENTILATION The equipment should be used in an area suitable for proper ventilation. Care should be taken not to impede airflow in and around the cabinet. WATER AND MOISTURE The equipment should not be used in or around water, such as a bathtub, sink, or swimming area. Also, the equipment should not be used in areas prone to flooding, such as a basement. POWER SOURCES The equipment should be connected only to a power source of the same voltage and frequency as that listed on the rear panel above the power cord entry point. POWER CORD PROTECTION Power cords should be arranged so they do not interfere with the movement of objects in the room: people, fan blades, utility carts, etc. Also, care should be taken that the cord is not pinched or cut, and placed so it is not in danger of being pinched or cut, as in under a rug, around a tight corner, etc. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. POWER CORD GROUNDING The power supply cord is of a three wire grounded type, designed to reduce the risk of electric shock sustained from a live cabinet. It is assumed to be of suitable length for most uses of the equipment. The use of extension cords and power strips is discouraged unless they are of suitable rating to deliver the required total current for safe operation of all connected equipment. Furthermore, extension cords or power strips must provide ­i­ PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS P4000 Power Rating: FTC (20Hz-20kHz, 0.2% THD) 200 wpc into 8 275 wpc into 4 550 wpc into 8 (bridged mono) Signal-to-Noise Ratio: Frequency Response: Bandwidth: Slew Rate: CMRR: Input Impedance: 100dB below rated output from 20Hz-20kHz "A" Weighted 20Hz-20kHz, ±0.1dB 0.2Hz-200kHz, +0/­3dB 100 V/µs >75dB at 1kHz 47,000 per phase balanced Input Sensitivity Range: 710mV to 4V (@ 8) per phase balanced 592mV to 4V (@ 4) per phase balanced In/Out Gain: Gain Control Range: Damping Factor: Power Consumption: (Both Channels Driven) +29dB maximum, ­29dB minimum 58dB 500 (to 1kHz); 150 (to 10kHz); 18 (to 100kHz) 120W / 1A @ 120VAC (Idle Power) 250W / 2.1A @ 120 VAC (1/8 Power ­ 8) 720W / 6A @ 120 VAC (Max. Power ­ 8) Controls & Switches: Indicators: Connectors: Front Panel Gain Control, Power Switch Signal LED, Clip LED, Thermal LED, Short LED, Line Power LED XLR & 1/4" combo input 5-way Binding Post output IEC Standard Line input Dimensions: 19"W x 11"D x 5-1/4"H (3-rack spaces) (48.26cm x 27.94cm x 13.34cm) Net Weight: 34 lbs. (15.42kg) 10.97 17.00 19.00 .724 UL ® C UL ® sh ort th er m al cl ip pin sign g al 4 6 4 6 Bridged Mono Normal ® 2 8 2 8 5.20 sign al cl ip pin th g er m al sh ort 0 10 P4000 trans·nova 0 10 channel 1 channel 2 ­ ii ­ TABLE OF CONTENTS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ........................................................................................................................................... i PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................................... ii INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 1 FRONT & REAR PANEL VIEW ................................................................................................................................ 2 INSTALLATION Location ........................................................................................................................................................... AC Line ............................................................................................................................................................ Input ................................................................................................................................................................. Output Connections ......................................................................................................................................... Monophonic Use .............................................................................................................................................. OPERATION Power Switch ................................................................................................................................................... Level Controls .................................................................................................................................................. Input Configuration Switch ............................................................................................................................... Ground Switch ................................................................................................................................................. Short Circuit Protection .................................................................................................................................... LED Indicators .................................................................................................................................................. Warm Up ......................................................................................................................................................... Cleaning and Maintenance ............................................................................................................................... 3 3 4 4 4 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 TECHNICAL REFERENCE Field Service Considerations ............................................................................................................................. 8 Theory and Operation of trans·nova ................................................................................................................ 8 P4000 Functional Block Diagram ..................................................................................................................... 9 Schematic Diagram ........................................................................................................................................ 10 PC Board Layout ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Parts List ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Circuit Operation ........................................................................................................................................... 15 Amplifier Module Replacement ...................................................................................................................... 18 WARRANTY ......................................................................................................................................................... 19 INTRODUCTION The Hafler P4000 is a three rack height, two channel professional power amplifier suitable for use in any situation where a moderately powered compact amplifier is required. The P4000 is particularly attractive for use in monitoring situations. Our trans·nova circuit topology and MOSFET output stage ensures trouble-free, long term operation and is backed by our five year warranty. This manual contains information on using the P4000 amplifier. It is organized into three main sections. "Installation" covers the location and connection of the amplifier in the system. Like many precision components, careful attention to the initial setup can yield dividends in higher performance and trouble-free use. "Operation" covers the controls and features of the amplifiers and how to use them to get the best effect. The "Technical Reference" section contains field service information; in addition to the schematic and parts list there are block diagrams and circuit operation explanations useful for technicians. We strongly urge reading over the Installation and Operation portions of this manual before putting the amplifier into service. The circuitry used in the Hafler Professional power amplifiers is our trans·nova (TRANSconductance Nodal Voltage Amplifier, U.S. Patent 4,467,288) circuit. The P4000 also utilizes our proprietary DIAMOND (Dynamically Invariant AMplification Optimized Nodal Drive, patent pending) transconductance driver stage which combines the linearity of Class A operation with the current headroom of a Class B system. When combined with the robust output stage used in the P4000, DIAMOND yields lower high frequency distortion without the sonic degradations associated with increasing the negative feedback. We have been using MOSFETs in our power amplifiers since the 1970's. During this time they have proven to be extremely fault tolerant, even in abusive situations. This ruggedness enables the amplifier to drive reactive speaker loads without the performance and sound degradations imposed by elaborate Safe Operating Area protection schemes. Other specialized circuits which prevent damage to the amplifier and speakers have been carefully implemented. A soft start circuit prevents sending potentially destructive turn-on and turn-off transients to the speakers. A thermal sensing network continuously monitors the heatsink temperature and shuts down the amplifier to protect it from excessive operating heat. The need for internal fuses has been eliminated; a sensing circuit monitors the output and shuts down operation when it detects a short at the output. Each channel of the amplifier has been built as a self-contained module. This modular arrangement simplifies construction and improves service accessibility. The circuit board assembly makes extensive use of surface mount components in the low power portion of the audio circuitry. Automated equipment is used to place and solder the components which yields greater uniformity and reliabili ...