Korg M1 Manual 2/01 Basic Operation............................Page 01 Program......................................Page 02 Edit Program............................... Page 02 Combination............................... Page 11 Edit Combination.........................Page 12 Sequencer....................................Page 17 Global........................................Page 24 MIDI Exclusive............................Page 27 Cards 1.......................................Page 35 Cards 2.......................................Page 40 Reference/FAQ.............................Page 45 Quick Reference........................... Page 51 Basic Operation The M1 has synthesizer sounds, sampled sounds, and drum sounds permanently stored as 144 multisound waveforms. Additional waveforms can temporarily be accessed from an MSC ROM card inserted in the rear slot. Multisound waveforms are passed through a variable digital filter (VDF) and a variable digital amplifier (VDA) to create up to 100 programs. Two or more programs are grouped together layered or split for simultaneous play to create up to 100 combinations. Programs and combinations can be temporarily or permanently edited, or completely new ones made. The internal sequencer can record up to eight programs for about 8.5 minutes of simultaneous playback in 100prog/100combi memory. Mode Keypad INT: use sound in M1 internal memory. CARD: use sound in RAM card (MCR-03) or ROM card in top Data slot. COMBI: play combinations. EDIT COMBI: edit combinations, made permanent only after selecting WRITE COMBINATION. PROGRAM: play programs. EDIT PROGRAM: edit programs, made permanent only after selecting WRITE PROGRAM. SEQ: use the internal 8-track sequencer. GLOBAL: edit the four drum kits, MIDI settings, and overall M1 parameters. Numeric Keypad 00 to 99: select a specific program or combination. BANK HOLD: hold the ten's digit of a program or combination for selection within that X0-X9 range. COMPARE: compare the original(hilited) to the edited(darkened) while in EDIT COMBI or EDIT PROG. COMPARE: also a MIDI panic button to turn off a stuck note in sequencer play or MIDI in. START/STOP: start or stop the sequencer playing. REC and START/STOP: start or stop recording music in sequencer mode. A-H, Value Slider, Up/Down, Page+/A-H keys: move a horizontal cursor to indicate the parameter being edited. Value Slider or Up/Down keys: adjust the selected parameter value. Page+/- keys: display M1 parameter pages in an edit mode. Use numeric keypad 0-9 for chapters. Korg M1, Page 1 Program Mode Eight program parameters can be temporarily edited on-the-spot during a live performance. The original parameter values will return when another program is selected. The A-H keys select the parameter. The Up/Down keys change the parameter value -10 to +10. To play an internal program: INT PROG 00-99. To temporarily edit an internal program: A-H Up/Down. To make the edit permanent: EDITPROG 9 F G. ---------------------------------------PROG I00 Universe OSC Balance 0+05 F+03 L-02 K+10 V-08 A+01 R-01 E+03 ---------------------------------------A B C D E F G H A-H A B C D E F G H Abb O F L K V A R E Parameter Oscillator Balance Variable Digital Filter Cutoff Variable Digital Amplifier Level Keyboard Track Velocity Sensitivity Attack Time Release Time Effect Balance Description Volume balance of OSC1 and OSC2 when set to double. Cutoff frequency of VDF1 and VDF2 tonal quality. Volume of OSC1 and OSC2. Sensitivity of sound/volume by the part of keyboard played. Sensitivity of sound/volume by how hard the keyboard is played. Attack time of VDF1, VDF2, VDA1, and VDA2. Release time of VDF1, VDF2, VDA1, and VDA2. Balance of direct sound/sound of Effects1 and Effects2. Edit Program Mode Edit the selected program temporarily, permanently, or create a new program. A single program can have 97 to164 parameter values. Display a program's parameter values one-at-a-time in the Edit Program mode with the numeric keypad, the Page+ key, and the A-H keys. WARNING!! Editing programs and editing combinations can result in loss of sound data. Backup sounds to a floppy or hard disk first with a MIDI librarian before editing M1 internal sounds or M1 card sounds! N 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 + +1 +2 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +1 +2 +3 +1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +1 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 ParamAbb OSC-BASIC OSC1 OSC2 OSC1 PITCH EG OSC2 PITCH EG VDF1 VDF1 EG VDF1 VEL SENS VDF1 KBD TRK VDF2 VDF2 EG VDF2 VEL SENS VDF2 KBD TRK VDA1 EG VDA1 VEL SENS VDA1 KBD TRK VDA2 EG VDA2 VEL SENS VDA2 KBD TRK PITCH MG VDF MG AFTER TOUCH JOY STICK EFFECT1 EFFECT1 PARAM EFFECT2 EFFECT2 PARAM EFFECT PLACE EFFECT COPY WRITE/RENAME Parameter Oscillator mode. Waveform and level of Oscillator1. Waveform and level and pitch of Oscillator2 in double mode. Pitch variation over time of Oscillator1. Pitch variation over time of Oscillator2 in double mode. Cutoff frequency and EG intensity of VDF1. Variation of VDF1's cutoff frequency over time. Degree of VDF1's response to key velocity. Degree of VDF1's track of keyboard. Cutoff frequency and EG intensity of VDF2 in double mode. Variation of VDF2's cutoff frequency over time in double mode. Degree of VDF2's response to key velocity in double mode. Degree of VDF2's track of keyboard in double mode. Volume variation of VDA1 over time. Degree of VDA1's response to key velocity. Degree of VDA1's track of keyboard. Volume variation of VDA2 over time in double mode. Degree of VDA2's response to key velocity in double mode. Degree of VDA2's track of keyboard in double mode. Pitch modulation (vibrato). VDF modulation (wah-wah). Degree of after touch's affect on tonal quality. Degree of joy stick's affect on tonal quality. Selection of Effect1. Parameters of Effect1. Selection of Effect2. Parameters of Effect2. Assignment of Effects1 and Effects2. Copying of Effect parameter values. Writes and renames program edit permanently to memory. Korg M1, Page 2 Edit Program Mode Parameter Values with the A-H keys and Up/Down keys. 0 OSC-BASIC Oscillator mode ---------------------------------A OSC Mode SINGLE oscillator mode, DOUBLE oscillator mode, DRUMS kit mode. B Assign POLYphonic play, MONOphonic play. C Hold sound ON/OFF after key release. When in DRUMS kit mode, reset 0:2+ OSC1 to Drum Kit on the next page. In SINGLE mode the maximum simultaneous voices are 16. In DOUBLE mode the maximum simultaneous voices are 8. Hold set to ON is mainly used for a drum kit. 0 +1 OSC1 Waveform and level of Oscillator1 ---------------------------------------------------A Multisound/Drum Kit Select a multisound waveform/Drum kit1-4 for OSC1. D OSC Level 0 to 99 volume. E Octave 16' one octave below, 8' standard pitch, 4' one octave above. Multisound Waveform List 00 A.Piano 20 Bell 40 BambooTrem 60 Hammer 80 DWGS Piano 01 E.Piano1 21 Tubular 41 Rhythm 61 MetalHit 81 DWGS Clav 02 E.Piano2 22 BellRing 42 Lore 62 MetalHitNT 82 DWGS Vibe1 03 Clav 23 Karimba 43 LoreNT 63 Pick 83 DWGS Bass1 04 Harpsichord 24 KarimbaNT 44 Flexatone 64 Distortion 84 DWGS Bass2 05 Organ1 25 SynMallet 45 WindBells 65 DistNT 85 DWGS Bell1 06 Organ2 26 Flute 46 Pole 66 BassThumb 86 DWGS Orgn1 07 MagicOrgan 27 PanFlute 47 PoleNT 67 BasThumNT1 87 DWGS Orgn2 08 Guitar1 28 Bottles 48 Block 68 BasThumNT1 88 DWGS Voice 09 Guitar2 29 Voices 49 BlockNT 69 Wire 89 SquareWave 10 E.Guitar 30 Choir 50 FingerSnap 70 PanWave 90 Digital1 11 Sitar1 31 Strings 51 Pop 71 PingWave 91 SawWave 12 Sitar2 32 Brass1 52 Drop 72 FvWave 92 Digital2 13 A.Bass 33 Brass2 53 DropNT 73 MvWave 93 25% Pulse 14 PickBass 34 TenorSax 54 Breath 74 VoiceWave 94 10% Pulse 15 E.Bass 35 MuteTP 55 BreathNT 75 VoiceWvNT1 95 Digital3 16 Fretless 36 Trumpet 56 Pluck 76 VoiceWvNt2 96 Digital4 17 SynthBass1 37 TubaFlugel 57 PluckNT 77 DWGS EP1 97 Digital5 18 SynthBass2 38 DoubleReed 58 VibeHit 78 DWGS EP2 98 DWGS Tri 19 Vibes 39 KotoTrem 59 VibeHitNT 79 DWGS EP3 99 DWGS Sine When SINGLE or DOUBLE is selected in OSC-BASIC (0 1+) on the previous page, the waveform of Oscillator1 is selected by Multisound. Since each multisound waveform has a limited pitch range, it may not sound when played in a high octave. Assignment of drum sounds to a drum kit is done in global mode. 0 +2 OSC2 Waveform and level and pitch of Oscillator2 in double mode ----------------------------------------------------------------------------A Multisound Select a multisound waveform for OSC2. D OSC Level 0 to 99 volume. E Octave 16' one octave below, 8' standard pitch, 4' one octave above. F Interval -12 to +12 pitch relative to OSC1. G Detune -50 to +50 detune relative to OSC1. H Delay Start 0 to 99 time delay before OSC2's sound begins. Interval adjusts pitch in semitones to create chords with OSC1 and OSC2. Detune adjusts pitch in cents between OSC1 and OSC2. Detune OSC2 slightly for a thicker sound. 1 OSC1 PITCH EG Pitch variation over time of Oscillator1 ----------------------------------------------------------A Start Level -99 to +99 pitch B Attack Time 0 to 99 C Attack Level -99 to +99 pitch D Decay Time 0 to 99 E Release Time 0 to 99 Korg M1, Page 3 F Release Level -99 G EG Level Vel Sens -99 H EG Time Vel Sens -99 The stronger the key is time becomes for a + EG to +99 pitch to +99 pitch response to key velocity. to +99 time response to key velocity. struck the greater the change of pitch for a + EG Level Vel Sens and the shorter the Time Vel Sens. The opposite when set to - values, both limited to +- one octave. 1 +1 OSC2 PITCH EG Pitch variation over time of Oscillator2 in double mode -------------------------------------------------------------------------Same as 1 1+ OSC1 PITCH EG on previous page but applied to oscillator2. 2 VDF1 Cutoff frequency and EG intensity of VDF1 -----------------------------------------------------------D Cutoff 0 to 99 cutoff frequency for sound brightness, smaller values for mellow tone. H EG Intensity 0 to 99 degree to which EG affects cutoff frequency, depth of cutoff greatest at 99. 2 +1 VDF1 EG Variation of VDF1's cutoff frequency over time ----------------------------------------------------------------A Attack Time 0 to 99 B Attack Level -99 to +99 C Decay Time 0 to 99 D Break Point -99 to +99 E Slope Time 0 to 99 F Sustain Level -99 to +99 G Release Time 0 to 99 H Release Level -99 to +99 Determines how the VDF1's cutoff frequency will vary over time. The time parameters set the time to reach the next level. The level parameters set the cutoff frequency for that segment of the EG. Each level can be individualy set to a +-value in relation to initial cutoff. The amount by which each level affects the cutoff frequency is globally controlled by VDF1 EG Intensity on the previous page. 2 +2 VDF1 VEL SENS Degree of VDF1's response to key velocity -----------------------------------------------------------B EG Int -99 to +99 EG's level affected by key velocity, harder hit = greater cutoff frequency when +. D EG Time 0 to 99 EG's time affected by key velocity, harder hit = shorter time when +. E Attack Time -,0,+ F Decay Time -,0,+ G Slope Time -,0,+ H Release Time -,0,+ The softer sounds of acoustic instruments have fewer high frequency components. When imitating this effect, set EG Int to +, then set VDF1 cutoff to low and EG intensity to +, and finally set all VDF1 EG levels like attack level to +. By setting Attack Time to + and Release Time to - the harder hit gives a shorter attack but a longer release. 2 +3 VDF1 KBD TRK Degree of VDF1's track of keyboard ----------------------------------------------------A CenterKey C1 to G9 The central key for effect of VDF1 keyboard tracking. B Cutoff -99 to +99 Change the VDF1 cutoff frequency, the brightness of tone, by key position. D EG Time 0 to 99 Change VDF1 EG speed by key position. E Attack Time -,0,+ F Decay Time -,0,+ G Slope Time -,0,+ H Release Time -,0,+ VDF Keyboard Tracking is an effect that changes the values of the VDF cutoff frequency and the time it takes the EG to cycle, in proportion to the note number played. The change of Cutoff and the change of pitch are equal when set to 0. 3 VDF2 3 +1 VDF2 EG Cutoff frequency and EG intensity of VDF2 in double mode Variation of VDF2's cutoff frequency over time in double mode Korg M1, Page 4 3 +2 VDF2 VEL SENS Degree of VDF2's response to key velocity in double mode 3 +3 VDF2 KBD TRK Degree of VDF2's track of keyboard in double mode -------------------------------------------------------------------All same as corresponding VDF1 parameters but applied to oscillator 2. 4 VDA1 EG Volume variation of VDA1 over time ----------------------------------------------------A Attack Time 0 to 99 B Attack Level 0 to 99 C Decay Time 0 to 99 D Break Point 0 to 99 E Slope Time 0 to 99 F Sustain Level 0 to 99 G Release Time 0 to 99 The variable digital amplifier (VDA) changes the volume of the sound origin waveform. how the volume will vary over time. The VDA EG determines 4 +1 VDA1 VEL SENS Degree of VDA1's response to ...