Instant Broadband® Series EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch Use this guide to install: BEFSR81 ver. 2 User Guide COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Copyright © 2003 Linksys, All Rights Reserved. Linksys is a trademark of Linksys. Instant Broadband and EtherFast are a registered trademarks of Linksys. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and brand names are the property of their respective proprietors. LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys guarantees that every Instant Broadband® EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch will be free from physical defects in material and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase, when used within the limits set forth in the Specifications section of this User Guide. If the product proves defective during this warranty period, call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. When returning a product, mark the Return Authorization number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS'S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS OFFERS NO REFUNDS FOR ITS PRODUCTS. Linksys makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accompanying software, and specifically disclaims its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Linksys reserves the right to revise or update its products, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623. FCC STATEMENT The Instant Broadband® EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: · · · · Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment or devices Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance UG-BEFSR81 ver. 2-010803H-KL Instant Broadband® Series EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction The EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch Features An Introduction to LANs and WANs IP Addresses Network Setup Overview Chapter 2: Getting to Know the EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch The Router's Back Panel The Router's Front Panel LEDs Chapter 3: Connect the Router Overview Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up Chapter 4: Configure the PCs Overview Configuring Windows 95, 98, and Millennium PCs Configuring Windows 2000 PCs Configuring Windows XP PCs Chapter 5: Configure the Router Chapter 6: The Router's Web-based Utility Overview Logging Onto the Web-based Utility Setup Password Status DHCP Log Security Help Advanced IP Filtering Port Range Forwarding Dynamic Routing Static Routing 1 1 1 2 2 4 DMZ Host QoS (Quality of Service) MAC Address Clone Appendix A: Troubleshooting Common Problems and Solutions Frequently Asked Questions Appendix B: Glossary Appendix C: How to Ping Your ISP's E-mail & Web Addresses Appendix D: Installing the TCP/IP Protocol Appendix E: Twisted-Pair Cabling Crimping Your Own Network Cables Appendix F: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter Appendix G: SNMP Functions Appendix H: Specifications Environmental Appendix I: Warranty Information Appendix J: Contact Information 52 53 54 55 55 68 72 5 5 6 8 8 9 11 11 12 14 16 18 24 24 24 25 32 33 35 37 38 39 40 41 44 49 50 84 87 89 90 91 95 96 96 97 98 Instant Broadband® Series EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch An Introduction to LANs and WANs Simply put, a router is a network device that connects two networks together. In this instance, the Router connects your Local Area Network (LAN), or the group of PCs in your home or office, to the Wide Area Network (WAN), which is the Internet. The Router processes and regulates the data that travels between these two networks. Think of the Router as a network device with two sides: the first side interacts with your private Local Area Network (LAN) of PCs. The other, public side interacts with the Internet, or the Wide Area Network (WAN), outside of your home or office. The Router's firewall (NAT) protects your network of PCs so users on the public, Internet side cannot "see" your PCs. This is how your network remains private. The Router protects your network by inspecting every data packet coming in through the WAN port before delivery to the final destination on the LAN port. The Router inspects Internet port services like the web server, ftp server, or other Internet applications, and, if allowed, it will forward the packet to the appropriate PC on the LAN side. Remember that the Router's ports connect to two sides. Your 10/100 LAN port(s) connect to the LAN, and the Internet WAN port connects to the WAN. The LAN port(s) transmit data at 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, whereas the broadband port, or WAN port, transmits data at 10 Mbps. IP Addresses What's an IP Address? IP stands for Internet Protocol. Every device on an IP-based network, including PCs, print servers, and routers, requires an IP address to identify its "location," or address, on the network. This applies to both the WAN and LAN connections. There are two ways of assigning an IP address to your network devices. You can assign static IP addresses or use the Router to assign IP addresses dynamically. Static IP Addresses A static IP address is a fixed IP address that you assign manually to a PC or other device on the network. Since a static IP address remains valid until you disable it, static IP addressing ensures that the device assigned it will always have that same IP address until you change it. Static IP addresses are commonly used with network devices such as server PCs or print servers. Chapter 1: Introduction The EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port The Linksys EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router Switch The EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch is the perfect solution for connecting multiple PCs (up to 253) to a high-speed Broadband Internet connection on an Ethernet network. Configurable as a DHCP server for your network, it acts as the only externally recognized Internet gateway on your local area network (LAN). The Router features such advanced functions as dynamic and static port routing, DMZ hosting, port filtering and forwarding, and Quality of Service capabilities. And all of these functions can be easily configured through any networked computer's web browser. Features Supports QoS for Data Prioritization Based on Ports and Internet Services Supports VPN Pass-Through Using IPSec and PPTP Connections Set up Your Computers and Router Easily Using Linksys Setup Wizard Supports UPnP for Easy Network Configuration Configure the Router through a Web Browser--Locally and over the Internet Advanced Management Functions for Port Filtering, MAC Address Filtering, and DMZ Hosting · 8-Port Switch with Auto-Sense, Uplink Capabilities on Each LAN Port · Automatically Assigns IP Addresses to All Computers on Your Network (DHCP Server) · · · · · · ® 1 2 Instant Broadband® Series If you use the Router to share your cable or DSL Internet connection, contact your ISP to find out if they have assigned a static IP address to your account. If so, you will need that static IP address when configuring the Router. You can get that information from your ISP. Note: Since the Router is a device that connects two networks, it needs two IP addresses--one for the LAN, and one for the WAN. In this User Guide, you'll see references to the "WAN IP address" and the "LAN IP address." Since the Router has firewall security (NAT), the only IP address that can be seen from the Internet for your network is the Router's WAN IP address. However, even this WAN IP address can be blocked, so that the Router and network seem invisible to the Internet--see the Blocking WAN Requests description under IP Filtering in "Chapter 6: The Router's Web-based Utility." Dynamic IP Addresses A dynamic IP address is automatically assigned to a device on the network, such as PCs and print servers. These IP addresses are called "dynamic" because they are only temporarily assigned to the PC or device. After a certain time period, they expire and may change. If a PC logs onto the network (or the Internet) and its dynamic IP address has expired, the DHCP server will assign it a new dynamic IP address. For DSL users, many ISPs may require you to log on with a user name and password to gain access to the Internet. This is a dedicated, high-speed connection type called Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE). PPPoE is similar to a dial-up connection, but PPPoE does not dial a phone number when establishing a connection. PPPoE also will provide the Router with a dynamic IP address to establish a connection to the Internet. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Servers PCs and other network devices using dynamic IP addressing are assigned a new IP address by a DHCP server. The PC or network device obtaining an IP address is called the DHCP client. DHCP frees you from having to assign IP addresses manually every time a new user is added to your network. A DHCP server can either be a designated PC on the network or another network device, such as the Router. By default, the Router's WAN setting is DHCP client. 3 EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch By default, the Router can act as a DHCP server for your LAN. If you already have a DHCP server running on your network, you must disable one of the two DHCP servers. If you run more than one DHCP server on your network, you will experience network errors, such as conflicting IP addresses. To disable DHCP on the Router, see the DHCP section in "Chapter 6: The Router's Webbased Utility." Note: Even if you assign a static IP address to a PC, other PCs can still use DHCP's dynamic IP addressing, as long as the static IP address is not within the DHCP range of the LAN IP Addresses. If the dynamic IP addressing fails to provide a dynamic IP address, refer to "Appendix A: Troubleshooting." Network Setup Overview This user guide covers the basic steps for setting up a network with the Router. After going through "Chapter 2: Getting to Know the EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch," most users will only need to use the following chapters: · Chapter 3: Connect the Router This chapter instructs you on how to connect a cable or DSL modem to the Router and connect your PC(s) to the Router. · Chapter 4: Configure the PCs This chapter instructs you on how to configure your PC(s) for a DHCP connection, if the network settings are not already set to DHCP. · Chapter 5: Configure the Router This chapter explains how to configure the Router using your web browser and the Router's web-based utility. You will configure the Router using the settings provided by your ISP. When you're finished with the basic steps, then you are ready to connect to the Internet. After the PC(s) can access the Internet through the Router, you can alter the Router's settings further; for example, you can adjust security features and other settings to enable online gaming. 4 Instant Broadband® Series EtherFast® Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch The Reset Button The Reset button can be used in one of two ways: 1. If the Router is having problems connecting to the Internet, press the Reset button for just a moment with a paper clip or a pencil tip. This clears up any jammed connections, and is similar to pressing the Reset button on your PC to reboot it. This will reboot the Router while keeping a ...