User manual NETGEAR READYNAS

NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide NETGEAR, Inc. 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA 202-10320-01 v1.0 October 2007 © 2007 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. Technical Support Registration on the website or over the phone is required before you can use our telephone support service. The phone numbers for worldwide regional customer support centers are on the Warranty and Support Information card that came with your product. Go to http://kbserver.netgear.com for product updates and Web support. Trademarks NETGEAR, the NETGEAR logo, ReadyNAS, X-RAID, FrontView, RAIDar, RAIDiator, Network Storage Processor, and NSP are trademarks or registered trademarks of NETGEAR, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT and Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice. NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein. Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer It is hereby certified that the ReadyNAS Network Attached Storage has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions. The Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations. Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß dasReadyNAS Network Attached Storage gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung. Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen. Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement This equipment is in the Class B category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas. When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference. Read instructions for correct handling. ii v1.0, October 2007 Product and Publication Details Model Number: Publication Date: Product Family: Product Name: Home or Business Product: Language: Publication Part Number: Publication Version Number: October 2007 Network Storage ReadyNAS Network Attached Storage Business English 202-10320-01 1.0 iii v1.0, October 2007 iv v1.0, October 2007 Contents NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide About This Manual Conventions, Formats, and Scope .................................................................................... x How to Use This Manual .................................................................................................. xi How to Print This Manual ................................................................................................. xi Revision History ................................................................................................................xii Chapter 1 Configuring Your ReadyNAS Specifying Your Ethernet Connection Settings ...............................................................1-2 Global Network Settings ...........................................................................................1-5 WINS ........................................................................................................................1-6 DHCP .......................................................................................................................1-7 Setting Up Security .........................................................................................................1-7 Admin Password ......................................................................................................1-7 Security Mode ..........................................................................................................1-8 Setting Up User and Group Accounts ....................................................................1-13 Selecting Services for Share Access ............................................................................1-17 Standard File Protocols ..........................................................................................1-18 Streaming Services ................................................................................................1-19 Discovery Services .................................................................................................1-21 Understanding Volume Management ...........................................................................1-21 Volume Management for Flex-RAID ......................................................................1-22 Volume Management for X-RAID ...........................................................................1-26 Changing between X-RAID and Flex-RAID Modes ................................................1-28 Snapshots ..............................................................................................................1-28 USB Storage ..........................................................................................................1-31 Managing Your Shares .................................................................................................1-33 Adding Shares ........................................................................................................1-34 Managing Shares ...................................................................................................1-35 v v1.0, October 2007 USB Shares ...........................................................................................................1-41 Configuring Backup Jobs ..............................................................................................1-42 Adding a New Backup Job .....................................................................................1-43 Viewing the Backup Schedule ................................................................................1-48 Programming the Backup Button ...........................................................................1-49 Viewing the Backup Log .........................................................................................1-49 Editing a Backup Job .............................................................................................1-50 Setting Up Printers .......................................................................................................1-50 Print Shares over CIFS/SMB .................................................................................1-50 IPP Printing ............................................................................................................1-51 Managing Print Queues .........................................................................................1-51 Managing Your ReadyNAS System ..............................................................................1-52 Clock ......................................................................................................................1-52 Alerts ......................................................................................................................1-53 Performance ...........................................................................................................1-56 Language ...............................................................................................................1-59 Updating ReadyNAS ..............................................................................................1-60 Power Management ...............................................................................................1-62 Shutdown ...............................................................................................................1-64 Chapter 2 Accessing Shares from Your Operating System Windows .........................................................................................................................2-1 MAC OS X ......................................................................................................................2-2 AFP over Bonjour .....................................................................................................2-3 AFP over AppleTalk ..................................................................................................2-4 MAC OS 9 ......................................................................................................................2-6 Linux/Unix .......................................................................................................................2-7 Web Browser ..................................................................................................................2-8 FTP/FTPS ..................................................................................................................... 2-11 Rsync ............................................................................................................................2-12 Networked DVD Players and UPnP AV Media Adapters ..............................................2-13 Chapter 3 Maintenance and Administration Viewing System Status ...................................................................................................3-1 Health .......................................................................................................................3-1 vi v1.0, October 2007 Contents Logs .........................................................................................................................3-2 Replacing a Failed Disk ..................................................................................................3-3 Ordering a Replacement Disk ..................................................................................3-3 Replacing a Failed Disk on the ReadyNAS NV+ .....................................................3-3 Replacing the Failed Disk on the ReadyNAS 1100 ..................................................3-4 Replacing the Failed Disk on the ReadyNAS 600/X6 ..............................................3-5 Resynchronizing the Volume ..........................................................................................3-6 Resetting Your System (System Switch) ........................................................................3-6 Configuring RAID on the ReadyNAS 1100 and NV+ ......................................................3-7 Backing Up the ReadyNAS to a USB Drive ....................................................................3-9 ReadyNAS1100 Backup .........................................................................................3-10 ReadyNAS NV+ Backup ........................................................................................3-10 Removing the System Module from the ReadyNAS 1100 ............................................ 3-11 Changing User Passwords ........................................................................................... 3-11 Appendix A RAID Levels Simplified RAID Level 0 ................................................................................................................. A-1 RAID Level 1 ................................................................................................................. A-1 RAID Level 5 ................................................................................................................. A-2 RAID Level X (X-RAID) ................................................................................................. A-2 Appendix B Input Field Format Appendix C Glossary Index Contents v1.0, October 2007 vii viii v1.0, October 2007 Contents About This Manual Congratulations on your purchase of a ReadyNAS Network Attached Storage system from NETGEAR, Inc. If you have not already done so, please read the printed Installation Guide provided with your product and the ReadyNAS Setup Manual on the Installation CD. The ReadyNAS Setup Manual takes you step-by-step through the FrontView Setup Wizard and quickly prepares the ReadyNAS for your network. The NETGEAR® ReadyNAS User Guide explains each of the available options in detail, including many of the advanced options not described during the Setup Wizard process. The manual includes: Chapter 1, "Configuring Your ReadyNAS," describes all the menus and tabs available in the FrontView Advanced Control mode. Chapter 2, "Accessing Shares from Your Operating System." If you have already configured the ReadyNAS and you need help in accessing the shares on the ReadyNAS, skip to this chapter. Chapter 3, "Maintenance and Administration": · · · If a disk fails, learn about the proper procedure for replacing the failed disk in "Replacing a Failed Disk." If you need to reinstall the firmware or reset the system back to the factory default configuration, see "Resetting Your System (System Switch)" for an explanation of both. "Changing User Passwords" covers users other than administrators can access FrontView to change their password. Appendix A, "RAID Levels Simplified," explains the RAID levels that the ReadyNAS supports. Appendix B, "Input Field Format," covers questions on what constitutes a valid input for hostname, workgroup, or password. Appendix C, "Glossary," provides definitions for some of the technical terminologies used in this document. ix v1.0, October 2007 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Conventions, Formats, and Scope The conventions, formats, and scope of this manual are described in the following paragraphs: · Typographical Conventions. This manual uses the following typographical conventions: Italic Bold Fixed italic Emphasis, books, CDs, file and server names, extensions User input, IP addresses, GUI screen text Command prompts, CLI text, code URL links · Formats. This manual uses the following formats to highlight special messages: Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest. Tip: This format is used to highlight a procedure that will save time or resources. Warning: Ignoring this type of note might result in a malfunction or damage to the equipment. Danger: This is a safety warning. Failure to take heed of this notice might result in personal injury or death. · Scope. This manual is written for the ReadyNAS according to these specifications: Product Version Manual Publication Date 1.0 October 2007 x v1.0, October 2007 About This Manual NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide How to Use This Manual The HTML version of this manual includes the following: · · Buttons, at a time. and , for browsing forward or backward through the manual one page A button that displays the table of contents and a button that displays an index. Double-click on a link in the table of contents or index to navigate directly to where the topic is described in the manual. A model. button to access the full NETGEAR, Inc. online knowledge base for the product · · Links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters. How to Print This Manual To print this manual, you can choose one of the following options, according to your needs. · · Printing a page from HTML. Each page in the HTML version of the manual is dedicated to a major topic. Select File > Print from the browser menu to print the page contents. Printing from PDF. Your computer must have the free Adobe Acrobat Reader installed for you to view and print PDF files. The Acrobat Reader is available on the Adobe website at http://www.adobe.com. ­ Printing a PDF chapter. Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page. · Click the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page in the chapter you want to print. The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window. Click the print icon in the upper left corner of your browser window. · ­ Printing a PDF version of the complete manual. Use the Complete PDF Manual link at the top left of any page. · Click the Complete PDF Manual link at the top left of any page in the manual. The PDF version of the complete manual opens in a browser window. About This Manual v1.0, October 2007 xi NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide · Click the print icon in the upper left corner of your browser window. Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save paper and printer ink by selecting this feature. Revision History Part Number 202-10320-01 Version Date Number 1.0 Description Oct. 2007 First publication xii v1.0, October 2007 About This Manual Chapter 1 Configuring Your ReadyNAS The FrontView Advanced Control mode shows all of the settings available in the Setup Wizard plus some more advanced features. The basic network settings and other, optional, more advanced features are included in this chapter. NETGEAR ReadyNAS NV+ [X-RAID] Figure 1-1 When you first switch to this mode, you see the menus on the left that allow you to quickly jump to the screen you want. As you click the menu buttons, you notice a similar theme across all screens. At the top right corner is the command bar that typically provides options to return to the Home screen, refresh the browser window, display Help where available, or to log out of this session. For security reasons, Logout acts only as a reminder to close the current browser session, which is necessary to securely log out. ,. Figure 1-2 1-1 v1.0, October 2007 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Toward the bottom left, there are two buttons that allow you to switch back and forth between the Setup Wizard mode and the Advanced Control mode. At the bottom of the screen is the status bar including the date button on the left which, which clicked, links you to the Clock screen. The status lights to the right give a quick glimpse of the system device status. Figure 1-3 Move the mouse pointer over the status light to display device information, or click a status light to display the status in more detail. Above the Status Lights is the Apply button. Use this to save any changes on the current screen. You can access your Network settings by selecting Network from the main menu. From the Network menu, you can then navigate to your basic network settings screens such as Interfaces, Global Settings, WINS and DHCP. Specifying Your Ethernet Connection Settings Select Network > Interfaces, and then select the Ethernet tab to specify network interface-specific settings for Standard Settings, VLAN Settings and Performance Settings. In the Standard Setting section, you can specify the IP address, network mask, speed/duplex mode, and MTU settings. In most networks where a DHCP server is enabled, you can simply specify the Use values from a DHCP server option to automatically set the IP address and network mask. Figure 1-4 1-2 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide · IP Assignment. Select either Use values from a DHCP server or Use values below. ­ If you elect to assign the IP address using Use values from a DHCP server, NETGEAR advises that you set the lease time on the DHCP server/router to a value of at least a day. Otherwise, you might notice that the ReadyNAS IP address changes even when ReadyNAS has been powered down for only a few minutes. Most DHCP servers allow you to assign a static IP address for specified MAC addresses. If you have this option, this would be a good way to ensure your ReadyNAS maintains the same IP address even in DHCP mode. If you assign a static IP address by selecting Use values below, be aware that the browser will lose connection to the ReadyNAS device after the IP address has been changed. To reconnect after assigning a static IP address, open RAIDar and click Rescan to locate the device, and then reconnect. ­ · Speed/Duplex Mode. If you have a managed switch that works best if the devices are forced to a particular speed or duplex mode, you can select the setting you want. NETGEAR advises that you keep the setting in an Auto-negotiation mode otherwise. Figure 1-5 · MTU. In some network environments, changing the default MTU value can fix throughput problems. NETGEAR advises that you leave the default setting otherwise. Figure 1-6 In the VLAN Settings (Virtual Local Area Network) area, you can specify whether to allow devices residing on different segments of a LAN to appear in the same segment or, conversely, to allow devices on the same switch to behave as through they belong to a different LAN. Figure 1-7 Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-3 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide If you wish to use the ReadyNAS in a VLAN environment, select the Enable VLAN support check box, and enter a numeric VLAN tag. You need to reboot the ReadyNAS for the VLAN function to take effect. Warning: Do not enable VLAN support unless you are sure that your clients also support VLAN. Otherwise, you can lose network access to the ReadyNAS, and you might need to reinstall the firmware to disable the VLAN setting. In the Performance Setting area, the Enable jumbo frames option allows you to optimize the ReadyNAS for large data transfers such as multiple streams of video playback. Select this option if your NIC and your gigabit switch support jumbo frames. Note: The ReadyNAS supports a 7936 byte frame size, so for optimal performance, a switch capable of this frame size or larger should also be used. Figure 1-8 If your ReadyNAS device comes with multiple Ethernet interfaces, you will see a separate configuration tab for each interface. 1-4 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Global Network Settings Figure 1-9 Hostname The Hostname you specify is used to advertise the ReadyNAS on your network. You can use the hostname to address the ReadyNAS in place of the IP address when accessing the ReadyNAS from Windows, or over OS X using SMB. This is also the name that appears in the RAIDar scan list. The default hostname is nas- followed by the last three bytes of your primary MAC address. Default Gateway The Default Gateway specifies the IP address of the system where your network traffic is routed if the destination is outside your subnet. In most homes and smaller offices, this is the IP address of the router connected to the cable modem or your DSL service. If you selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet or Wireless tab, the Default Gateway field is automatically populated with the setting from your DHCP server. If you selected the Static option, you can manually specify the IP addresses of the default gateway server here. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-5 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide DNS Settings The DNS area allows you to specify up to three Domain Name Service servers for hostname resolution. The DNS service translates host names into IP addresses. If you selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet or Wireless tab, the Domain Name Server fields are automatically populated with the DNS settings from your DHCP server. If you selected the Static option, you can manually specify the IP addresses of the DNS servers and the domain name here. WINS The WINS option allows you to specify the IP address of the WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service) server. A WINS server is typically a Windows server on the network that allows the ReadyNAS or other devices on the network to be browsed from other subnets. Figure 1-10 If you do not have an existing WINS server, you can designate the ReadyNAS to be one. Simply select the Become a WINS server check box, and configure your Windows PC to specify the ReadyNAS IP address as the WINS server. This can be useful if you wish to browse by hostname across multiple subnets (for example, over VPN). 1-6 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide DHCP The DHCP tab allows you to specify this device as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server. DHCP service simplifies management of a network by dynamically assigning IP addresses to new clients on the network. Figure 1-11 Select the Enable DHCP service check box if you want the ReadyNAS device to act as a DHCP server. This is convenient in networks where DHCP service is not already available. Note: These options are available only if this device is not already using a DHCP address. Enabling DHCP service on a network already utilizing another DHCP server will result in conflicts. If you wish to use this device as a DHCP server, make sure to specify static addresses in the Ethernet and DNS tabs. Setting Up Security The Security tab allows you to set the administrator password, administer security, and set up the password recovery feature on the ReadyNAS. Admin Password The Admin Password tab allows you to change the administrator user password. The administrator user is the only user that can access FrontView, and this user has administrative privileges when accessing shares. Be sure to set a password different from the default password, and make sure that Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-7 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide this password is kept in a safe place. Anyone who obtains this password can effectively change or erase the data on the ReadyNAS. Figure 1-12 Note: In User or Domain security mode, you can use the admin account to log in to a Windows share, and perform maintenance on any file or folder in that share. The admin user also has permission to access all user private home shares to perform backups. As a safeguard, you are requested to enter a password recovery question, the expected answer, and an e-mail address. If, in the future, you forget the password, you can go to https:///password_recovery. Successfully answering the questions there resets the Admin Password, and that new password is sent to the e-mail address you enter on this screen. Figure 1-13 Security Mode The ReadyNAS device offers three security options for your network environment. Select the most appropriate option based on the required level of security and your current network authentication scheme. 1-8 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide · Share. The Share security mode is suitable for most home and small office environments, providing a simple way for people in a trusted environment to share files without the necessity of setting up separate user and group accounts. Shares that you create in this environment can be password protected if you want. User. A more appropriate selection for the medium-size office or workgroup environment is the User security mode. This mode allows you to set up user and group accounts to allow for more specific share access restrictions. Access to shares requires proper login authentication, and you can specify which users and/or groups you wish to offer access. As an example, you might want to restrict company financial data to just users belonging to one particular group. In this security mode, the administrator need to set up and maintain user and group accounts on the ReadyNAS device itself. In addition, each user account is automatically set up with a private home share on the ReadyNAS. Domain. The Domain security mode is most appropriate for larger department or corporate environments, where a centralized Windows-based domain controller or active directory server is present. The ReadyNAS device integrates in this environment by creating a trusted relationship with the domain/ADS authentication server and allowing all user authentications to occur there, eliminating the need for separate account administration on the device itself. Also, in this security mode, each domain/ADS user is automatically set up with a private home share on the ReadyNAS. Note: The FrontView management system slows down in proportion to the number of users in the domain. NETGEAR advises that you do not use the ReadyNAS in a domain environment with more than 1000 users. · · Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-9 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Figure 1-14 Share Security Mode The Share Security Mode is the easiest security option to set up and is adequate for home or small offices. Select this option if you want to restrict share access with the use of an optional share password. Each user accesses the shares on the device as a common guest user and has the same read/write privilege as other users. This option supports setting disk quotas on a per-share basis. 1-10 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide You need to specify a workgroup only if you wish to change it from the default. A valid workgroup name must conform to the following restrictions: · · · The name must consist of characters a­z, A­Z, 0­9, and the symbols _ (underscore), ­ (dash), and. (period). The name must start with a letter. The name length mst be 15 characters or less. User Security Mode This option is ideal for medium-size offices or workgroups. Select this option if you would like to control access to shares based on user or group accounts and if your network does not utilize a domain controller for authentication. If you select this option, you will need to create a user account for anyone accessing this device. This option supports setting disk quotas on a per-user or per-group basis. In User security mode, you specify a workgroup name, and create user and group accounts. You have control over how much disk space is allocated for each user or group. Each user is given a home share on the ReadyNAS device that the user can use to keep private data such as backups of the user's PC. This home share is accessible only by that user and the administrator in order to perform backups of the private shares. The option to automatically generate the private home share is controlled in the Accounts/Preferences tab, and you can disable it if you wish. Note: Private user shares are accessible only by users using CIFS (Windows) or AppleTalk file protocols. To set up the ReadyNAS for this security mode, you need the following information: · · · · Workgroup name Group names you wish to create (for example, Marketing, Sales, Engineering) User names you wish to create (plus e-mail addresses if you will be setting disk quotas) Amount of disk space you want to allocate to users and groups (optional) To change or set a workgroup name: 1. Select the User radio button. 2. Enter the name you want to use in the Workgroup field in the User section. The name can be the workgroup name that is already used on your Windows network. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-11 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide 3. Click Apply to save your changes. Domain Security Mode If you choose the Domain security mode option, you need to create a trusted relationship with the domain controller or the active directory server (ADS) that will act as the authentication server for the ReadyNAS device. You need the following information: · · · · Domain name Domain administrator login Domain administrator password If using ADS: ­ ­ DNS name of the ADS realm OU (Organization Unit). You can specify nested OUs by separating OU entries with commas. The lowest level OU must be specified first. Figure 1-15 You can elect to have the ReadyNAS automatically auto-detect the domain controller, or you can specify the IP address. Sometimes auto-detect fails, and you need to supply the IP address of the domain controller to join the domain. 1-12 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide If you have a large number of users in your domain, you may want to clear the Display users from trusted domains... check box. The FrontView management system might slow down to an unusable state. Note: NETGEAR does not recommend the use of the ReadyNAS in a domain environment with more than 1000 users at this time. Click Apply to join the domain. If Auto-detection is successful, users and groups from the domain now have login access to the shares on this device. Accounts are managed on the domain controller. The ReadyNAS simply pulls the account information from the controller and displays it in the Accounts tab screen if you have the Display users from trusted domains... option enabled. If you wish, you can assign a disk quota to the domain users and groups. If e-mail addresses are specified, users are automatically notified when approaching and reaching their quotas. Setting Up User and Group Accounts In the User & Group Accounts security mode, the Accounts tab screen allows you to manage user and group accounts on the ReadyNAS. Managing Groups To add a new group: 1. Select Manage Groups from the drop-down menu in the upper right corner. 2. Select the Add Group tab if it is not already selected. You can add up to five groups at a time. If you expect to have just one big set of users for one group, you can forego adding a new group and accept the default users group. 3. Click Apply to save your settings. If you want, a user can belong to multiple groups. Once you have created user accounts, you can specify secondary groups that the user can belong to. This allows for finer-grain settings for share access. For instance, you can have user Joe in the Marketing group also belong to the Sales group so Joe can access shares restricted to only the Marketing and Sales groups. While adding a new group, you can specify the amount of disk space you wish to allocate that group by setting a disk quota. A value of 0 denotes no limit. You can also set the Group ID, or GID, of the group that you are adding. You can leave this field blank and let the system automatically assign this value unless you wish to match your GID to your NFS clients. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-13 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Figure 1-16 After adding your groups, you can view or change your groups by clicking the alphabetical index tab, or click All to list all groups. Figure 1-17 If you wish to add a large number of groups, select Import group list from the pull-down menu. Figure 1-18 You can upload a CSV (Comma Separated Value) formatted file containing the group account information. The format of the file is: name1,gid1,quota1,member11:member12:member13 name2,gid2,quota2,member21:member22:member23 1-14 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide name3,gid3,quota3,member31:member32:member33 : Please note the following: · · · · · · Spaces around commas are ignored. The name field is required. Quota is set to default if not specified. GID is automatically generated if not specified. Empty fields are replaced with account defaults. Group members are optional. Examples of acceptable formats are as follows (note that you can omit follow-on commas and fields if you wish to accept the system defaults for those fields, or you can leave the fields empty): flintstones In this example, the group flintstones is created with an automatically assigned GID and default quota. rubble,1007,5000,barney:betty In this example, the group rubble has a GID of 1007, a quota of 5000 MB, with members barney and betty. Managing Users To manage user accounts: 1. Select Manage Users from the drop-down menu. 2. Click the Add User tab to add a new user. You can add up to five users at a time. For each user, add the following information: · User name, · E-mail address · User ID · Select a group from the Group pull-down menu. · Password · Disk quota. 3. Click Apply to save your settings. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-15 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Figure 1-19 Only the user name and password fields are required; however, you should specify a user e-mail address if you intend to set up disk quotas. Without an e-mail address, the user will not be warned when disk usage approaches the specified disk quota limit. If you do not wish to assign a disk quota, enter 0. If you wish to add a large number of users, select Import user list from the pull-down menu. Figure 1-20 Here, you can upload a CSV (Comma Separated Value) formatted file containing the user account information. The format of the file is: name1,password1,group1,email1,uid1,quota1 name2,password2,group2,email2,uid2,quota2 name3,password3,group3,email3,uid3,quota3 : Please note the following: · · · · · Spaces around commas are ignored. The name and password fields are required. If a listed group account does not exist, it is automatically created. Group and quota are set to the defaults if not specified. E-mail notification is not sent to the user if the field is omitted or left blank. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-16 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide · · UID is automatically generated if not specified. Empty fields are replaced with account defaults. Examples of acceptable formats are as follows (note that you can omit follow-on commas and fields if you wish to accept the system defaults for those fields, or you can leave the fields empty): fred,hello123 In this example, user fred has a password set to hello123, belongs to the default group, receives no e-mail notification, has a UID assigned automatically, and has a default quota. barney,23stone,,barney@bedrock.com In this example, user barney has a password set to 23stone, belongs to the default group, receives e-mail notification sent to barney@bedrock.com, has a UID assigned automatically, and has a default quota. wilma,imhiswif,ourgroup,wilma@bedrock.com,225,50 In this example, user wilma has a password imhiswif, belongs to the group ourgroup, receives email notification sent to wilma@bedrock.com, has a UID set to 225, and a quota set to 50 MB. Setting Accounts Preferences You can set various account defaults by selecting Preferences option from the pull-down menu. Figure 1-21 Selecting Services for Share Access The Services screen allows you to manage various services for share access. This in effect controls the type of clients you wish to allow access to the ReadyNAS. Three types of services are available: Standard File Protocols, Streaming Services, and Discovery Services. These different services are explained in the following sections. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-17 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Standard File Protocols The standard file protocols are common file-sharing services that allow your workstation clients to transfer files to and from the ReadyNAS using built-in file manager-over-network file protocols supported by the client operating system. The available services are: · CIFS (Common Internet File Service). Sometimes referred to as SMB. This protocol is used mainly by Microsoft Windows clients, and sometimes by Mac OS X clients. Under Windows, when you click on My Network Places Network Neighborhood, you are going across CIFS. This service is enabled by default and cannot be disabled. NFS (Network File Service). NFS is used by Linux and Unix clients. Mac OS 9/X users can access NFS shares as well through console shell access. The ReadyNAS supports NFS v3 over UDP and TCP. AFP (Apple File Protocol). Mac OS 9 and OS X works best using this protocol as it handles an extensive character set. However, in mixed PC and Mac environments, it is advisable to use CIFS/SMB, unless enhanced character set support is necessary on the Mac.The ReadyNAS supports AFP 3.1. FTP (File Transfer Protocol). Widely used in public file upload and download sites. ReadyNAS supports anonymous or user access for FTP clients, regardless of the security mode selected. If you wish, you can elect to set up port forwarding to nonstandard ports for better security when accessing files over the Internet. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). Used by Web browsers. ReadyNAS supports HTTP file manager, allowing Web browsers to read and write to shares using the Web browser. This service can be disabled in lieu of HTTPS to allow for a more secure transmission of passwords and data. With the option to redirect default Web access to a specified share, you can transparently force access to http://readynas_ip to http://readynas_ip/share. This is useful if you do not want to expose your default share listing page to outsiders. All you need in the target share is an index file such as index.htm or index.html. You have the option of enabling or disabling login authentication to this share. HTTPS (HTTP with SSL encryption). This service is enabled by default and cannot be disabled. Access to FrontView is strictly through HTTPS for this reason. If you want remote Web access to FrontView or your HTTPS shares, you can specify a nonstandard port (default is 443) that you can forward on your router for better security. You can also regenerate the SSL key based on the hostname or IP address that users will use to address the ReadyNAS. This allows you to bypass the default dummy certificate warnings whenever users access the ReadyNAS over HTTPS. Rsync. An extremely popular and efficient form of incremental backup made popular in the Linux platform but now available for various other Unix systems as well as Windows and Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 · · · · · · 1-18 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Mac. Enabling rsync service on the ReadyNAS allows clients to use rsync to initiate backups to and from the ReadyNAS. Figure 1-22 Streaming Services The built-in streaming services on the ReadyNAS allow you to stream multi-media content directly from the ReadyNAS, without the need to have your PC or Mac powered on. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-19 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Figure 1-23 · · · SlimServer provides music streaming to the popular Squeezebox music players from Slim Devices. You can click the http setup link for more detailed configuration options. iTunes Streaming Server enables iTunes clients to stream media files straight from the ReadyNAS. You can click the http setup link for more detailed configuration options. UPnP AV provides media streaming service to stand-alone networked home media adapters and networked DVD players that support the UPnP AV protocol or are Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) standard compliant. The ReadyNAS comes with a reserved media share that is advertised and recognized by the players. Simply copy your media files to the Videos, Music, and Pictures folders in that share to display them on your player. If you wish, you can specify a different media path where your files reside. 1-20 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide · Home Media Streaming Server provides streaming of videos, music, and pictures to popular networked DVD players. The streaming players often utilize the streaming client developed by Syabas. Similar to UPnP AV, this service is used to stream videos, music, and pictures from the reserved media share to these adapters. If you wish to change the location where the media files are stored, you can specify a different share and folder path. Note that this path is shared between the UPnP AV and this service. Discovery Services · Bonjour service provides a simple way of discovering various services on the ReadyNAS. Bonjour currently provides an easy way to connect to FrontView, IPP printing, and AFP services. OS X has built-in Bonjour support, and you can download Bonjour for Windows from Apple's website. UPnP provides a means for UPnP-enabled clients to discover the ReadyNAS on your LAN. · Figure 1-24 Understanding Volume Management The ReadyNAS family consists of two RAID volume technologies: Flex-RAID, utilizing the industry-standard RAID levels 0, 1, and 5; and X-RAID, NETGEAR-patented expandable RAID technology. Your system defaults to one or the other; however, you can switch between the two modes through a factory default reset process described in "Resetting Your System (System Switch)" on page 3-6." Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-21 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide There are advantages to both technologies. · Flex-RAID: ­ ­ ­ The default volume can be deleted and re-created, with or without the snapshot reserved space. Hot spare disk is supported. Full volume management is available--you can create a volume utilizing RAID level 0, 1, or 5, specify the size of the volume, delete a disk from a volume, assign a hot spare, and so on. Multiple volumes are supported, each with a different RAID level, snapshot schedule and disk quota definition. Each disk can be replaced, one by one, then rebuilt; after the last disk is replaced, another data volume utilizing the newly added capacity can be configured. ­ ­ · X-RAID: ­ ­ ­ One-volume technology, but supports volume expansion, either by with the addition of more disks or the replacement of an existing disk with larger capacity disks. You can start out with one disk, and add up to three more disks when you need them or can afford them. Volume management is automatic. Add a second disk, and it becomes a mirror to the first. Add a third disk and your capacity doubles; add a fourth, and your capacity triples--the expansion occurring while redundancy is maintained. In the future, you will be able to replace disks, one at a time, have each one finish rebuilding and, after the last disk is replaced, your volume will automatically expand to utilize the new capacity. ­ Volume Management for Flex-RAID If you want to reconfigure the default volume C, split it into multiple volumes, specify a different RAID level, or specify a larger reserved space for snapshots, you need to reconfigure your volume. The first step is to delete the existing volume you want to replace. 1-22 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Deleting a Volume To delete a volume, select the Volume tab of the volume you wish to delete (if there are multiple volumes) and click Delete Volume (in this case only Volume C is configured). Warning: Make sure that you back up the files you wish to keep before deleting a volume. All shares, files, and snapshots residing on that volume will be deleted are non-recoverable! Figure 1-25 You are asked to confirm your intention by typing DELETE VOLUME. Figure 1-26 Adding a Volume After deleting the volume, Add Volume tab displays listing the available configurable space on the hard disks. All the disks are selected by default. You can elect to specify a hot spare disk if you wish. A hot spare remains in standby mode and automatically regenerates the data from a failed disk from the volume. A hot spare disk is available for RAID level 1 and RAID level 5 only if there are enough disks to fulfill the required minimum plus one. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-23 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide . Figure 1-27 To add a volume: 1. Select the hard disks. In this example, we select the first three disks and elect not to specify any of them as a hot spare. 2. Select the RAID level. RAID level determines how the redundancy, capacity utilization, and performance are implemented for the volume. See Appendix A, "RAID Levels Simplified," for more information. Typically in a configuration of three or more disks, RAID level 5 is recommended. In our example, we selected RAID level 5 for the three selected disks. 3. Specify the reserve space for a snapshot. Next, select the percentage of the volume you wish to allocate for snapshots. You can specify 0 if you wish to disable snapshot capability, or you can specify a percentage in 5 percent increments from 5 to 50 percent. The percentage represents the amount of data you think changes while the snapshot is active. This typically depends on how often you schedule your snapshot to occur (see "Taking and Scheduling Snapshots" on page 1-28), and the maximum amount of data (plus padding) you think changes during that time. Make sure to allocate enough space for a worst case as the snapshot becomes unusable when its reserved space runs out. In our example, we selected 10 percent of the volume to be reserved for snapshots. Note: If you do not reserve any space for snapshots, the snapshot tab is not displayed in the Volume tab. 4. Specify the desired volume size. After you specify the volume parameters, enter the appropriate volume size--if you wish to configure a smaller volume size than the maximum displayed. The resulting volume will be approximately the size that is specified. 1-24 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide In our example, we kept the maximum size that was calculated. 5. Click Apply, and wait for the instruction to reboot the system. It typically takes about 1 minute before you are notified to reboot. After rebooting, you are notified by e-mail when the volume has been added. Use RAIDar to reconnect to the NAS device. RAID Settings After you have added a volume, you can return to the Volume tab and click the RAID Settings tab to display the current RAID information and configuration options for the volume. Notice that the disk on Channel 4 that we did not configure is listed in the Available Disks section. We can add this disk as a hot spare by clicking Make hot spare. Figure 1-28 We can also remove a disk from the volume by clicking Remove. The volume will still be available but in a non-redundant state. An additional disk failure would render this volume unusable. Note: The Remove operation is a maintenance feature. NETGEAR recommends that you do not use it in a live environment. Its function is equivalent to hot-removing the disk or simulating a disk failure. The Locate option is a way to verify that a disk is correctly situated in the expected disk slot. Clicking Locate causes disk LED to blink for 15 seconds. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-25 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Volume Management for X-RAID The X-RAID technology offers a simplified approach to volume management. X-RAID works on the premise that what most people want to do with their data volume over time is either adding redundancy or expanding it without the headaches usually associated with doing that. By using simple rules, X-RAID is able to hide all the complexities yet provide volume management features previously available only in enterprise-level storage solutions. · X-RAID Redundancy Overhead. To maintain redundancy from disk failure, X-RAID requires a one-disk overhead. In a two-disk X-RAID volume, the usable capacity is one disk. In a three-disk X-RAID volume, the usable capacity is two disks. In a four-disk X-RAID volume, the usable capacity is three disks. X-RAID has One Data Volume. X-RAID devices have only one data volume. This volume encompasses one to four disks, utilizing the capacity of the smallest disk from each disk. For instance, if you had one 80 GB disk and two 250 GB disks, only 80 GB from each disk is used in the volume. (The leftover space on the 250 GB disks is reclaimed only when the 80 GB disk is replaced with a 250 GB or greater capacity disk. See "Replacing All Your Disks for More Capacity" on page 1-27.") · Figure 1-29 Adding a Second Disk for Redundancy A one-disk X-RAID device has no redundancy and provides no protection from a disk failure. However, if and when you feel the need for redundancy, simply power down the device, add a new disk with at least the capacity of the first disk, and power on. Depending on the size of the disk, 1-26 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide within a few hours, your data volume will be fully redundant. The process occurs in the background, so access to the ReadyNAS is not interrupted. Adding a Third and Fourth Disk for More Capacity At a certain point, you will want more capacity. With typical RAID volumes, you have to back up your data to another system (with enough space), add a new disk, reformat your RAID volume, and restore your data back to the new RAID volume. Not so with X-RAID. Simply add the third disk using the ReadyNAS hot-swap trays. If you are adding multiple disks at the same time, or if your ReadyNAS is not hot-swap capable, power down the ReadyNAS, add the disk(s), and power back on. The X-RAID device initializes and scans the newly added disk(s) for bad sectors in the background. You can continue working normally without any lag in performance. When the process finishes, you will be alerted by e-mail to reboot the device. During the boot process, your data volume will be expanded. This process typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes per disk to several hours or longer, depending on the size of your disks, or the quantity of data on your volume. A 250 GB disk takes approximately 30 minutes. Access to the ReadyNAS is not permitted during this time. You will be notified by e-mail when the process is complete. After you receive your e-mail, the ReadyNAS will have been expanded with the capacity from your new disk(s). Replacing All Your Disks for More Capacity A year or so down the line when you find the need more disk space, and 600 GB disks are available at an attractive price, you can expand your volume capacity by replacing the existing disks. Keep in mind that you must power down several times to replace out your old disks. First, power down the ReadyNAS, replace the first disk with the large-capacity disk, and then reboot. If your ReadyNAS supports hot-swapping, you can hot-swap the disk without powering down. The ReadyNAS will detect that a new disk was put in place and resynchronizes the disk with data from the removed disk. This process takes several hours, depending on disk capacity. The disk is initialized and scanned for bad sectors first before the rsync process is started. The total time from the start of initialization to the end of resynchronization can be around 5 hours or more, depending on disk capacity. You will be notified by e-mail upon completion. Upon completion, power down, replace the second disk with another large-capacity disk, and reboot. This process is the same as for the first disk; repeat this process for the third and fourth disks, as well. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-27 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide When you receive a completion notification for the fourth disk, reboot the ReadyNAS. During reboot, volume capacity is expanded with the additional capacity from each disk. For instance, if you replaced four 250GB disks with four 600GB disks, the capacity of the volume increases by approximately 350GB x 3 (the fourth disk is reserved for parity). The expansion process takes several hours depending on the expanded capacity, and you will be notified by e-mail when the process is complete. There is no access to the ReadyNAS during this time. Changing between X-RAID and Flex-RAID Modes You can switch between X-RAID and Flex-X-RAID modes. The process involves setting the ReadyNAS to the factory default and using RAIDar to configure the volume during a 10-minute delay window during boot. See Chapter 3, "Resetting Your System (System Switch) for more information. Snapshots The Volume screen allows you to schedule and take snapshots. You can visualize a snapshot as a frozen image of a volume at the time you take the snapshot. Snapshots are typically used for backups, during which time the original volume can continue to operate normally. As primary storage becomes larger, offline backups tend to become increasingly difficult as backup time increases beyond offline hours. Snapshots allow backups to occur without the need to take your systems offline. Snapshots also can be used as temporary backups. For example, if a file on the NAS device becomes infected with a virus, the uninfected file can be restored from a prior snapshot taken before the attack. Taking and Scheduling Snapshots To take or schedule a snapshot: 1. Click the Snapshot tab The Snapshot screen will display. You can specify how often a snapshot should be taken. Snapshots can be scheduled in intervals from once every 4 hours to once a week. Note: If you do not see a Snapshot tab within your volume tab, you did not reserve any space for snapshots when you added the volume. The ReadyNAS ships with a snapshot reserved space of 5 GB. 2. Specify the frequency and the days that you wish to schedule a snapshot: 1-28 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide · If you specify a start and end time of 00:00, ReadyNAS will take one snapshot at midnight. A start time of 00:00 and an end time of 23:00 will set snapshots to be taken between midnight and 11 pm the next day at the interval you specify. Once you save the snapshot schedule, the time of the next snapshot is displayed. When the next snapshot is taken, the previous one is replaced. Figure 1-30 · If you prefer, you can manually take a snapshot by clicking Take Snapshot Now. Figure 1-31 Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-29 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide You can also specify how long a snapshot should last. If you will be using snapshots for backups, you can schedule the snapshot to last slightly longer than the expected duration of the backup. Having an active snapshot can affect the write performance to the ReadyNAS, so deactivating it when it is not needed might be advantageous in write-intensive environments. When a snapshot is taken, snapshots of shares appear in your browse list alongside the original shares, except the snapshot share names have -snap appended to the original share names. For example, a snapshot taken of a share backup is available as backup-snap. Figure 1-32 You can traverse a snapshot share just as you would a normal share except that the snapshot share is read-only. If you wish, you can select a detailed listing to show the snapshot time in the Description field. Snapshots can expire when the reserved snapshot space is filled. The snapshot mechanism keeps track of data that has been changed from the original volume starting at the point when the snapshot is taken. All these changes are kept in the reserved snapshot space on the volume. The Disk space utilization field on the Volume screen shows how much space has been reserved for snapshots. Figure 1-33 1-30 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide After the snapshot is taken, if changes on the volume exceed this reserved space, the snapshot is invalidated and can no longer be used. Note: Changes that occupy space in the reserved snapshot space include new file creation, modifications, and deletions; for instance, any time you delete a 1MB file, the change caused by the deletion uses up 1MB of reserved space. When the snapshot does become invalidated, an e-mail alert is sent and the status reflected on the Snapshot screen. The snapshot is no longer usable at this stage. Resizing Snapshot Space If you are constantly getting snapshot invalidation alerts, you might want to either increase the frequency of the snapshot or consider increasing the reserved snapshot space. To do this, or to eliminate your existing snapshot space (thus increasing your usable volume space), you can specify the snapshot space you want in the Snapshot Space section. Simply select a value from the pull-down menu and click Save. Your snapshot space will be limited to approximately 100GB. Figure 1-34 Resizing the snapshot space will occur offline and can take a while depending on your data volume size and the number of files in your volume. Expanding the snapshot space reduces your data volume size, and reducing the snapshot space expands it. Note: Because of the way snapshots work, you will encounter a drop in write performance when a snapshot is active. If your environment requires the highest throughput in performance, the active snapshot should be deleted, or you should set a limit on how long the snapshot should be live. USB Storage The USB tab displays the USB disk and flash devices connected to the ReadyNAS, and offers various options for these devices. A flash device appears as USB_FLASH_1 and a disk device appears as USB_HDD_1. If you have multiple devices, they appear appended by an increasing Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-31 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide device number; for example, USB_HDD_2. If the device contains multiple partitions, the partitions are listed beneath the main device entry. Figure 1-35 Partitions on the storage devices must be one of the following file system formats: · · · · FAT32 NTFS Ext2 Ext3 To the right of the access icons are command options for the device. The following commands are available: Disconnect This option prepares the USB partition for disconnection by correctly unmounting the file system. In most cases, you can safely disconnect the device without first unmounting; however, the Disconnect command ensures that any data still in the write cache is written out to the disks and that the file system is properly closed. The Disconnect option unmounts all partitions on the device. Once disconnected, physically remove and reconnect to the ReadyNAS to regain access the USB device,. In cases where you attach multiple storage devices and wish to determine which device corresponds to the device listing, the Locate command causes the device LED to blink, if present. Locate 1-32 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Format FAT32 Format EXT3 This option formats the device as a FAT32 file system. FAT32 format is easily recognizable by most newer Windows, Linux, and Unix operating systems. This option formats the device as an EXT3 file system. Select this option if you will be accessing the USB device mainly from Linux systems or ReadyNAS devices. The advantage of EXT3 over FAT32 is that file ownership and mode information can be retained using this format, whereas this capability is not there with FAT32. Although not natively present in the base operating system, Ext3 support for Windows and OS X can be added. The installation images can be downloaded from the Web. When the USB device is unmounted, you have the option of renaming it. The next time the same device is connected, it will use the new name rather than the default USB_FLASH_n or USB_HDD_n naming scheme. The USB storage shares are listed in the Share screen, and access restrictions can be specified there. The share names reflect the USB device names. USB Flash Device Option Toward the lower portion of the USB Storage screen is the USB Flash Device Option section (see Figure 1-35 on page 1-32). There, you can elect to copy the content of a USB flash device automatically on connection to a specified share. Files are copied into a unique timestamp folder to prevent overwriting previous contents. This is useful for uploading pictures from digital cameras and music from MP3 players without needing to power on a PC. In User security mode, an additional option to set the ownership of the copied files is available. Managing Your Shares The Shares menu provides all the options pertaining to share services for the ReadyNAS device. This entails share management (including data and print shares), volume management, and share service management. Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-33 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide Figure 1-36 Adding Shares To add a share: 1. From the main menu, select Volumes > Volume Settings. If more than one volume is configured, click on the volume you wish to add the share. 2. Select Add Shares. Add Shares has two views, depending on the security mode. In the Add Shares screen, enter the share name, description and, optionally, the password and disk quota. (The share password and share disk quota are available only in the security mode). Figure 1-37 1-34 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide In the User or Domain security modes, the Add Share tab consists only of fields for the share name and description. Password and disk quotas are account-specific. In either case, you can add up to five shares at a time. Once you finish adding the shares, refer to Chapter 2, "Accessing Shares from Your Operating System for instructions on how to access them from different client interfaces. Managing Shares Once you have added shares, you can manually fine-tune share access by selecting Share List. This screen has two views, one for Share Security mode and one for User and Domain mode. They are similar except for the password and disk quota prompts which appear only in Share mode. Figure 1-38 If you want to delete a share, select the check box on the far right of the share listing and click Delete. The columns to the left of the Delete check box represent the services that are currently available. The access icons in those columns summarize the status of the service and the access rights to the share for each of the services. Move the mouse pointer over the access icons to view the access settings. Figure 1-39 Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-35 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide The settings are as follows: · · · · Disabled. Access to this share is disabled. Read-only Access. Access to this share is read-only. Read/Write Access. Access to this share is read/write. Read Access with exceptions. Either (1) access to this share is read-only and allowed only for specified hosts, (2) access is read-only except for one or more users or groups that are granted read/write permission, or (3) access is disabled except for one or more users or groups that are granted read-only privilege. Write Access with exceptions ­ Either (1) access to this share is read/write and allowed only for specified hosts, (2) access is read/write except for one or more users or groups that are restricted to read-only access, or (3) access is disabled except for one or more users or groups that are granted read/write privilege. · You can click on the access icons to display the Share Options screen, where you can set the access rules for each file protocol. Keep in mind that access options differ between protocols. Setting Share Access in Share Mode In Share mode, the CIFS (Windows) share options screen looks like the following: Figure 1-40 To set share access: 1. Select the Default Access from the pull-down menu at the top. 2. Select the Hosts allowed access check box and specify one or more hosts that you wish to restrict access to in the adjacent field. 1-36 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide For example, select read-only for Default Access and list the hosts you wish to allow access to. Access from all other hosts will be denied. To allow only host 192.168.2.101 read-only access to the share, specify the following: · · Default: Read-only Hosts allowed access: 192.168.2.101 Multiple hosts can be separated with commas (see Appendix B, "Input Field Format" for information about valid host formats.) For example, if you wish to limit share access to particular hosts, you can enter host IP addresses or valid DNS hostnames in the Host allowed access field. In addition, you can enter a range of hosts using common IP range expressions such as: 192.168.2., 192.168.2.0/255.255.255.0, 192.168.2.0/24 These designations all allow hosts with IP addresses 192.168.2.1 through 192.168.2.254. Toward the bottom of the CIFS screen are the Share Display Option, Recycle Bin, and Advanced CIFS Permissions. Refer to the descriptions for these options in the sections that follow. Setting Share Access in User and Domain Modes In User or Domain modes, the CIFS screen looks like the following (note the addition of Readonly and Write-enabled user and group fields) Figure 1-41 Share Access Restriction. If you wish to limit share access to particular users and/or groups, you can enter their names in the Read-only users, Read-only groups, Write-enabled users, and Write-enabled group fields. The names must be valid accounts, either on the ReadyNAS or on the domain controller. For instance, if you wish to allow read-only access to all and read/write access only user fred and group engr, you would set the following: Configuring Your ReadyNAS v1.0, October 2007 1-37 NETGEAR ReadyNAS User Guide · · · Default: Read-only Write-enabled users: fred Write-enabled groups: engr If you wish to limit this access only to hosts 192.168.2.101 and 192.168.2.102, set the following: · · · · Default: Read-only Hosts allowed access: 192.168.2.101, 192.168.2.102 Write-enabled users: fred Write-enabled groups: engr If you wish to specify some users and groups for read-only access and some for read/write access, and disallow all other users and groups, enter the following: · · · · · · Default: Disabled Hosts allowed access: 192.168.2.101, 192.168.2.102 Read-only users: mary, joe Read-only groups: marketing, finance Write-enabled users: fred Write-enabled groups: engr Note that access control differs slightly from service to service. Share Display Option. Restricting access to a share does not prevent users from seeing the share in the browse list. In certain instances, you might not want this, such as for backup shares that you might want to prevent users from seeing. To hide a share, select the Hide this share... check box. Users who have access to this share must specify the path explicitly. For example, to access a hidden share, enter \\host\share in the Windows Explorer address bar. 1-38 v1.0, October 2007 Configuring Your ReadyNAS