User manual NORTHSTAR 951X

951X/XD AND 952X/XD GPS CHART NAVIGATORS INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Part Number GM1505C Northstar Technologies 30 Sudbury Road Acton, Massachusetts 01720 www.northstarcmc.com Service: 978/897-0770 Sales: 978/897-6600 Limited warranty policy Northstar Technologies, a division of BSC, Inc., warrants the Northstar 951/952 to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two (2) years. This warranty applies to the original purchaser and to any subsequent owner during the warranty period, which begins on the date of shipment of the unit, F.O.B. Acton, Massachusetts, to an authorized Northstar dealer. Systems may not be returned to Northstar without a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA) number. Call the Northstar dealer or Northstar for instructions. During the unit's warranty period, Northstar will repair or replace, at its option, any part of the unit it finds to be defective due to faulty material(s) or workmanship. All such repairs and/or replacements will be promptly performed by Northstar free-of-charge to the owner, excluding freight costs incurred in shipping to the factory. Return shipments from Northstar to points within the United States are made via ground transportation, freight prepaid. Special shipping charges (overnight, two-day, and so on) are the responsibility of the owner. To be covered by this warranty, the Northstar equipment must have been in normal use. This warranty does not apply to units with defects caused by improper installation, physical damage, abuse, tampering, lightning or other abnormal electrical discharge, or to units with defaced or altered serial numbers, or to units repaired by unauthorized persons or repaired in a manner that violates Northstar's recommended service procedures. All repairs and/or replacements made under this warranty must be performed at Northstar's facilities in Acton, Massachusetts. Performance of warranty work elsewhere will not be authorized, and Northstar will not pay for any charges for such work. Northstar will not be responsible for payment of any charges imposed by a Northstar dealer or other party for services requested by and/or performed for a unit's owner in connection with this warranty. Such services might include removal of the unit from a vessel, inspection, packaging, handling, reinstallation, and the like. Northstar Technologies assumes no responsibility for any consequential losses of any nature with respect to any of its products or services sold, rendered, or delivered. The foregoing is the only warranty expressed or implied. No other warranty exists. Contents SECTION ONE - Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Welcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Who should read this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Scope of this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Getting technical support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Servicing the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Returning a unit for service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Safety considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 System overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Installation considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Choosing a system location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Wiring the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Installing the antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Turning the unit on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Testing and troubleshooting the 951/952 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 SECTION THREE - Interfacing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Interfacing the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Configuring the NMEA output ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Connecting to other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Setting the anchor-watch alarm honk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Configuring the RS-232 port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Ordering 951/952 software updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 APPENDIX A - Technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 951/952 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 IEC compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 Internal DGPS receiver specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 AN150 Active GPS Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 8410 Antenna Coupling Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Combination GPS/DGPS antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page i Page ii 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Figures Figure 1: 951/952 dimensions (side) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Figure 2: 951/952 dimensions (front) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Figure 3: Yoke mount drilling dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Figure 4: Flush mount drilling dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Figure 5: Rear connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Figure 6: Separation distances between antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Figure 7: GPS-only antenna (AN150) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Figure 8: Stripping the coax cable jacket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Figure 9: Flared cable braid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Figure 10: Completed BNC connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Figure 11: Combo GPS/DGPS antenna (AN205-P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Figure 12: Correct AN205-P (combo antenna) splitter wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Figure 13: Stripping the coax cable jacket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Figure 14: Flared cable braid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Figure 15: Completed TNC connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Figure 16: ACU assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Figure 17: Correct AN150 and 8410 wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Figure 18: PL 259 (UHF) connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Figure 19: Proper insertion of a chart cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Figure 20: Interface connector (as viewed from back of unit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Figure 21: 200 PPNM output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Figure 22: Aux port interface diagram (wiring side view, solder cup) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Figure 23: Pin 14 honk alarm interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page iii Page iv 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Tables Table 1: Contacting Northstar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Table 2: Troubleshooting the installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Table 3: Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Table 4: Interface connector pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Table 5: Port setup options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Table 6: 0183 sentence identifiers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Table 7: Connecting to an external Northstar beacon receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Table 8: Connection to Northstar 800 port A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 9: Connection to Northstar 800 port B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 10: Northstar 800 series output port setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 11: Yeoman plotter setup with the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Table 12: Beep and honk settings for all alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Table 13: Standards for IEC compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page v Page vi 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION ONE - Introduction SECTION ONE - Introduction Welcome The Northstar 951/952 Installation Manual describes how to install, interface, and troubleshoot the Northstar 951 and 952 GPS chart navigators. Also described are the physical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics of each unit. For complete details about operating the unit, see the Northstar 951/952 Operator's Manual (part number GM1500C). The terms "unit" and "951/952" are used throughout this manual to refer to both the 951 and 952 GPS chart navigators. The 952 features a color display, but is otherwise identical to the 951, except where noted. The 951X and 952X are both differential-ready so you can interface them to an external differential receiver. The 951XD and 952XD have built-in differential receivers. Unless specifically indicated, all information in this manual refers to both the X (non-differential) and XD (differential) versions of the unit. Who should read this manual The Northstar 951/952 Installation Manual is intended for marine technicians who are configuring and installing either 951 or 952 GPS chart navigators. Scope of this manual In this manual, you'll find information about the following: · · · · · · · mounting and wiring the unit installing the antenna testing and troubleshooting the unit configuring the NMEA output ports configuring the RS-232 port connecting two units to share waypoints and routes technical specifications The rest of this particular chapter explains how to obtain technical support and how to return a unit for factory service. Getting technical support After you've followed the instructions in this installation guide, if you need additional technical support or have any other service-related questions, you can contact either your dealer or the Northstar Service Department. Northstar's Service Department can be reached by email, fax, U.S. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 1 SECTION ONE - Introduction You can email the Northstar Service Department directly from Northstar's website. The address is www.northstarcmc.com. Here, you also can access additional technical information under either the Manuals or Support links. mail, or phone as described in the table below. Whether you send an email or fax, or write or phone, please have the unit's serial number available, and be as complete and accurate as possible when describing the problem so that a service technician can research the problem and provide the quickest possible response. Northstar's Service Department is available between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM Eastern Time, Monday through Friday, excluding major holidays. Table 1: Contacting Northstar Email: Service: service@northstarcmc.com Sales: sales@northstarcmc.com Fax: Service: 978/897-1595 Sales: 978/897-7241 Telephone: Main number: 978/897-6600 or 800/628-4487 Sales: 978/897-0770 Service: 978/897-6600 U.S. mail: 30 Sudbury Road Acton, MA 01720 Website: www.northstarcmc.com (you can send email to Northstar directly from this site) Hearing from you Your feedback is important and helps Northstar ensure that this manual is a valuable resource for all marine technicians. Send your questions, comments, or suggestions about this manual to: service@northstarcmc.com Servicing the unit Repair of the unit is performed only at the Northstar factory. Service includes a complete hardware and software check-out. NOTE: Field repairs are not authorized and will void the warranty! For a system under warranty, shipping charges to the factory are the only cost for factory repair. Repaired units will be returned via prepaid economy ground freight (units returned overseas are chargeable). Units and accessories returned for warranty repair that are determined to be without fault are subject to a handling charge. Page 2 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION ONE - Introduction Returning a unit for service Before returning the unit to the Northstar factory, to prevent delays it is critical that you first obtain a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number from the Northstar Service Department. If you purchased your unit through a dealer, call the dealer with your serial number so they can give you an RMA number. Shipments without a proper RMA number will not be accepted! CAUTION! You may want to back-up any user-defined waypoints and routes before returning the unit for repair; see the Northstar 951/952 Operator's Manual for information on customizing the unit. The unit is covered by a two-year hardware-only warranty, which, in summary, states that if the unit is returned to the factory by the owner or dealer during the warranty period, Northstar will repair or replace, free of charge, any part found to be defective due to faulty materials or workmanship if the system has been properly installed and hasn't been abused. See the Limited Warranty Policy at the front of this manual for further details. The only cost to the owner will be the one-way shipping charges and any associated charges that may be imposed by the dealer. If you have overnight or second-day shipping requirements, before shipping the unit, please call the factory for turnaround time, freight charges, and payment arrangements. The unit should be shipped only in a properly designed carton with packing material. Shipments to the Northstar factory should be made to the following address: Northstar Technologies Service Department 30 Sudbury Road Acton, MA 01720 USA 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 3 SECTION ONE - Introduction Page 4 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit SECTION TWO - Installing the unit This chapter includes all the information needed to install the unit. It begins with a review of the system components and then provides information on basic installation and powering on the unit. The rest of this chapter describes how to wire the unit, install the antenna, and troubleshoot. Proper installation of the Northstar 951/952 is of utmost importance to accurately receive and effectively use GPS signals under a wide variety of weather conditions. Safety considerations WARNING! Be sure to turn the power off at the main switchboard before starting the installation. Further, it is highly recommended that you post a notice by this switch telling others to keep power off while you're performing the installation. If power is left on or turned on during the installation, then fire, electrical shock, or other serious injury may occur. CAUTION! Be sure to ground the equipment in order to prevent electrical shock and mutual interference. Be sure that the voltage of the power supply is compatible with the unit's voltage rating, which can be found on the label at the rear of the unit. Connecting to the wrong power supply can result in fire or damage to the equipment. Be sure to use the proper fuse. Using the incorrect fuse can result in fire or damage to the unit. Keep the following safe compass distance from the unit: 1.0m standard, 0.8m steering. Be sure that the 951/952 doesn't interfere with any of the on-board systems. Check all other systems to ensure that their performance doesn't degrade when the unit is turned on. Ordering information To order spare parts or replacement/missing parts, call the Northstar Sales Department at 978-897-0770. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 5 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit System overview The unit is shipped ready to install and operate (however, you'll need special tools for assembling the coaxial cable connectors; see "Mounting the AN150 antenna" on page 18.) It is recommended that you follow the steps below: 1. Check the shipping carton for any damage, and immediately report any damage to the carrier. Save all packing material in case you have to return the unit to the factory for repair or evaluation. 2. Unpack the carton, and compare its contents with those on the packing list and what you ordered. The shipping carton contains: · the Northstar 951X/XD or 952X/XD · yoke-mount kit · flush-mount gasket · GPS antenna · 50-foot coaxial antenna cable · for units with an internal differential beacon receiver: an 8410 Antenna Coupling Unit (ACU); or, an AN205-P combination GPS/ DGPS antenna · 10-foot interface cable · 10-foot power cable · flush-mount drilling template · connectors and parts kit · sunshield · Northstar 951XD/952XD Installation Manual · Northstar 951XD/952XD Operator's Manual 3. After reviewing the components, next, review the components of a proper installation. For details, see "Ensuring a proper installation" below. 4. Select the desired unit mounting location. For details, see "Choosing a system location" beginning on page 8. 5. Select the desired antenna mounting location. For details, see "Installing the antenna" beginning on page 15. 6. Make the appropriate power wiring connections. For details, see "Wiring the unit" beginning on page 13. 7. Turn on the unit. For details, see "Turning the unit on and off" beginning on page 28. 8. To ensure that the system is running properly, perform a functional test. For details, see "Testing and troubleshooting the 951/952" beginning on page 31. 9. If desired, interface the NMEA output ports; for details, see "Configuring the NMEA output ports" beginning on page 41. If desired, interface the RS-232 port; for details, see "Configuring the RS-232 port" beginning on page 58. Page 6 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Installation considerations CAUTION! The following basic setup information isn't a substitute for all the details in SECTION TWO. To ensure that you meet all critical installation parameters, be sure to read and follow all of the requirements. Ensuring a proper installation To ensure a proper installation, it is highly recommended that you perform all of the following activities before starting the installation: · · · preview/survey the vessel's layout and existing equipment review all the installation materials review all the installation requirements, including: - the physical requirements (spacing, location with regard to other equipment, etc.) - the electrical and electronic requirements (interference between other pieces of equipment, power requirements, etc.) Although the unit itself is very straightforward and easy to understand, it has a few basic requirements that must be met before safe and proper operation can be assured. The major parts of the rest of this section address several topics regarding the minimum installation requirements for the unit, in order to: · · · minimize electrical wiring hazards accurately receive GPS signals navigate safely Bench-testing the unit Northstar recommends that you bench-test the unit before installing it on the vessel. Bench-testing ensures that the equipment is fully operational, and allows the GPS receiver to collect its almanac and ephemeris data for the installed location, which results in less on-board installation time. The GPS antenna is best mounted in the clear, and low on the vessel to avoid extra motion from pitching and rolling. It should be mounted lower than directional high-power transmitting antennas such as radar or satcom. The length of coaxial cable to the "active" AN150 antenna (supplied with the unit) must be a minimum of 20 feet, but not more than 100 feet. Coil up any unused length of cable; do not cut it to less than 20 feet! Be sure that all cable connectors are securely fastened, and that the cable itself is not subject to any tight bends. For complete details on the AN150, see "Choosing an antenna location" starting on page 15. Using the AN150 GPS antenna 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 7 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Using DGPS with an AN150 and 8410 ACU If the unit is equipped with a differential receiver (and you're using the AN150 GPS antenna, not the AN205-P GPS/DGPS combo antenna), this receiver must be connected to a Northstar 8410 differential Antenna Coupling Unit (ACU). The ACU's four-foot whip antenna should be mounted as high as conveniently possible--but not at the highest point--and as far away as possible from other antennas. The ACU can be mounted on a standard marine antenna mount (1" diameter, 14 threads per inch). For complete details on the AN150/8410 ACU mounting requirements, see "Installing an 8410 ACU (for use with the AN150 only)" starting on page 23. Using the AN205-P DGPS antenna For details on the DGPS antenna's mounting requirements, see "Choosing an antenna location" starting on page 15. Choosing a system location The 951/952 unit houses the GPS receiver, optional differential receiver, computer, power supply, lights, controls and the specially-coated display screen. The mounting location should be chosen carefully before any drilling or cutting takes place: Choose a mounting location that allows good visibility of the unit's screen, is within comfortable reach, and provides a reasonably direct path for running the required electrical cabling. Be sure you have easy access to the control panel's keys and that the display can be clearly seen from the normal vantage point when the user is navigating. Even though the display screen contains an effective anti-reflective coating, choose a location that will minimize glare from windows or other bright objects. Although the 952 is direct-sunlight viewable, for optimal viewing it is recommended that you install the 952 in a location that's out of direct sunlight. Although the unit itself is waterproof, the connectors at the back of the unit aren't immune to corrosion from saltwater spray. Protect the unit from prolonged exposure to the elements by mounting it in a relatively dry area, if possible. At the end of the day, the unit can be wiped off with a damp cloth. When not in use, the unit should be covered with the sunshield to protect it from excessive heat. To help plan the installation, see Figure 1: "951/952 dimensions (side)," below and Figure 2: "951/952 dimensions (front)," below. Page 8 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Figure 1: 951/952 dimensions (side) 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 9 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Figure 2: 951/952 dimensions (front) Page 10 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Flush and yoke-mounting Whether you're flush- or yoke-mounting the unit, allow at least 2½-inch clearance at the rear for cables and connectors. For yoke mounting, leave ample room (usually two inches) all around the sides and top to avoid crowding the unit. For the recommended drilling dimensions, see Figure 3 below. Before drilling holes, rotate the unit to the desired angle to ensure proper clearance for cables and operation of the unit. Figure 3: Yoke mount drilling dimensions 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 11 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit For the recommended flush mounting drilling dimensions, see Figure 4 below. Figure 4: Flush mount drilling dimensions Page 12 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit CAUTION! When flush-mounting, be sure to mount the unit on a flat surface. Mounting on a curved surface can distort or break the plastic and cause a breech in the waterproof seal. Do not overtighten as case damage may occur and waterproof integrity may be compromised. This will void the warranty due to physical damage. Wiring the unit The majority of installation problems are caused by shortcuts taken with system cables. When installing the unit, be sure that you: · · · · · assemble connectors carefully don't make sharp bends leave service and drip loops tie-wrap all cables to keep them secure if cables are shortened, lengthened, or re-terminated, seal all wiring splices The unit should be connected to a source of 10- to 40-volt electrical power, using at least 16-gauge wire. A 10-foot fused power cable is supplied with the unit, and should be long enough for most installations. If it is necessary to lengthen the power cable, however, you may extend it to a maximum of 25 feet (using at least 14-gauge wire for runs over 15 feet) without adversely affecting the operation of the unit. CAUTION! Ensure that fuse or circuit-breaker protection is provided at the power source. Electrical power requirements The unit is a negative-ground system that is reverse-polarity protected; an external fuse prevents damage to sensitive components. The wires in the 10-foot power cable must be connected as follows (black and white can be connected together at the power source): NOTE: If a noise-free earth grounding point isn't available, the white wire should be capped and insulated. It shouldn't be used when an earth ground isn't available. · · · Red Positive(+) (fused lead) Black Negative(­) White Ground (earth) 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 13 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit · · 14-gauge connecting wire (recommended for runs of 15 feet or more) 16-gauge minimum allowed for runs up to 15 feet CAUTION! The unit requires the following DC power: · 10­40VDC · negative ground only Northstar strongly recommends as a good safety practice that the unit be connected to an external circuit breaker or 3-amp fuse located near the battery or breaker box. The internal fuse is designed to protect the unit itself; the external fuse or breaker is intended to protect the vessel wiring and prevent electrical fires. The power wiring should be connected directly to the battery when possible for optimum noise immunity. Figure 5: Rear connectors · · · · · J1 - Power Connector (3-wire) J2 - Main I/O Interface Connector (18-wire) J3 - Auxiliary (10-wire) J4 - GPS Antenna Connector (BNC) J5 - DGPS Antenna Connector (UHF) Internal fuse The unit is designed with an internal fusible link to protect against faulty power wiring. The link consists of a short length of 30 AWG wire located on the I/O circuit board. Page 14 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Replacement of the fusible link should be performed only by a qualified electronics technician. If this link becomes open-circuited between the white and black wires, carefully check all power wiring on the vessel, especially the white and black wires on the power cable, before removing the link. You access the link by removing the 10 outer case screws to open the unit, then removing the four computer-board screws and lifting the computer board out to expose the I/O board below. The link should be replaced with another short length of 30-gauge wire. Installing the antenna Choosing an antenna Three antenna choices are available for the 951X/952X or 951XD/952XD: · · one for reception of GPS-only signals (the standard one-piece "active" AN150 antenna) one for reception of both GPS and DGPS signals (a two-piece antenna system comprising the standard AN150 GPS antenna and the 8410 DGPS coupler) one for reception of both GPS and DGPS signals (optional one-piece AN205-P "combination" antenna) · Choosing an antenna location Choosing the AN150 antenna location The GPS receiving antenna is a vital link between the unit's receiver and the outside world. Aesthetics and easy access should be secondary to providing strong and reliable GPS signals to the unit's receiver. You should select a location for the antenna that meets the following requirements: · The antenna should have a reasonably clear view of the horizon, but be no higher than necessary (side-to-side motion of the antenna caused by rolling of the vessel may degrade the SOG and COG readings); however, the antenna should be 12 to 18 inches above the surrounding surfaces to avoid interference. The antenna must be out of the radiation path of any on-board radar sets or strong magnetic fields. The antenna must be lower than any INMARSAT communications antenna. The antenna should be as far as possible from other high-power transmitting antennas. Watch out for electromagnetic "shading" of antennas from rigging, other vessels, shoreline buildings, and so on. Secure the cable well. · · · · To avoid mutual interferences among different antennas on the vessel, refer to the recommended separation distances illustrated in Figure 6: "Separation distances between antennas," below. This figure shows the minimum recommended distances for the separation of the GPS antenna from other antennas and physical mounting surfaces. Under normal circumstances, following these guidelines usually results in a relatively trou- 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 15 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit ble-free installation; however, the installer may want to adjust these distances, depending on the particular equipment and how it's configured. Because each installation is unique--according to the wishes of the customer--this information should be used only as a guideline. It isn't absolute in determining the best location for every possible equipment configuration. Figure 6: Separation distances between antennas NOTE: Be especially careful about the distance between the combo antenna and any sources of magnetic interference (for example, the INMARSAT antenna). Choosing the AN205-P combination antenna location For applications where optimum portability is required, or when you want only a single antenna, a combination GPS/DGPS antenna is available. The "combo" antenna should be located where it has a clear view of the horizon, but where it isn't the highest point on the vessel. Keep the combo antenna at least six feet away from objects that can "shade" GPS or differential signals. If poor GPS Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) readings are obtained after the unit has been running for several minutes, check that you have the proper length of cable, and verify the quality of the antenna location and the quality and proper termination of the connectors. SNR should be as Page 16 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit high as possible: Values of 15 and higher are preferable, and anything below 10 could indicate poor reception. NOTE: Concerns for the AN205-P that aren't explained in Table 3, "Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation," on page 35, include the fact that mounting a loop-type antenna in close proximity to a radome (radar-set antenna) can degrade signals or cause a complete loss of the beacon signal. The klystron or magnetron contained in the radar antenna produces a very dense magnetic field, whether or not the radar set is turned on. These magnetic field effects are also present during the operation of the servo motors located on gyro-stabilized TV or INMARSAT communications dish platforms. Signal-degradation checks should be performed before finalizing the installation. Installing the AN150 antenna Whereas a loran or differential antenna should be mounted high on the vessel for best performance, the GPS antenna should be mounted as low as possible and out in the open to avoid "shading" (placement of the antenna where it's partially obscured, by another object, from the signals it must receive). If you're mounting the GPS antenna on top of a tower or mast, understand that the unit will be affected by the pitch and roll of the vessel. Often, the bow or stern can provide a location where shading is minimized while serving to keep the antenna low. Be sure that any directional L-band transmitting antennas (such as radar or satellite communication antennas) can never point at the GPS antenna, since its internal preamplifier is quickly destroyed by such radiation. 3.00 $17(11$ .91 25,1* $'$37(5 1.82 &$37,9( 6&5(: Figure 7: GPS-only antenna (AN150) 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 17 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Wiring the AN150 antenna Supplied with the antenna is a 50-foot length of RG-59 coaxial cable to use with the GPS-only AN150 "active" antenna (as well as the GPS/DGPS AN205-P "combo" antenna). CAUTION! The GPS-only antenna must be used with a minimum of 20 feet of cable, and no more than 100 feet. Any unused length must be coiled up; do not cut it to less than 20 feet! Mounting the AN150 antenna Tools needed: · · · flat-bladed screwdriver knife blade Amphenol crimp tools One TNC connector is pre-attached to the antenna-end of the RG-59 coaxial cable. Connection to the antenna itself involves the following steps: 1. Remove the antenna base by loosening the four captive screws in the base. 2. Screw the base onto the top of the antenna mount (standard 1"-14 marine thread). 3. Feed the open end of the supplied coax cable down through the antenna base and through the hollow core of the antenna mount. 4. Affix the TNC connector-end of the coax to the mating connector inside the upper half of the GPS antenna. Be sure to tighten it securely, as vibration can loosen the connection over time. In addition, protect the coax-to-antenna connection with liquid electrical tape or self-vulcanizing electrical tape. 5. Align the upper half of the antenna with the bottom half and tighten the four screws. Be careful not to over-tighten the screws, as this may deform the watertight seal between the two antenna halves. 6. Make a termination for a male BNC connection--as described in the following steps--then connect the antenna to the female BNC connection at the back of the unit. 1. Strip cable jacket to the following dimensions (in inches), as illustrated in Figure 8: "Stripping the coax cable jacket," below: a=0.57, b=0.34, c=0.14, d=0.43. Do not nick the center conductor. Page 18 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Figure 8: Stripping the coax cable jacket 2. See Figure 9: "Flared cable braid," below: Slide outer ferrule on as shown. Slightly flare the end of cable braid, as shown, to facilitate insertion into inner ferrule. Figure 9: Flared cable braid 3. Place center contact onto center conductor so that it butts against the cable dielectric. Crimp the contact in place using Amphenol tool handle #227-944 and Cavity B of Die Set 227-980-3. 4. Install cable assembly into body assembly so inner ferrule slides over dielectric and under braid. Push cable assembly forward until contact seats in insulator. Slide outer ferrule over braid and up against connector body. Crimp outer ferrule using Cavity A of tools specified above. The connector ferrule-to-cable junction can be sealed and protected using adhesive-lined heat shrink. Figure 10: Completed BNC connector Installing the AN205-P antenna The AN205-P combo antenna provides for an easier, more compact, and more attractive installation, and in many cases, the loop antenna's design improves the noise rejection of signals interfering with differential signals. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 19 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit 7.00 2.5 TNC 3.5 Figure 11: Combo GPS/DGPS antenna (AN205-P) CAUTION! The combo antenna must be used with a minimum of 20 feet of cable, and no more than 100 feet. Any unused length must be coiled up; do not cut it to less than 20 feet! Wiring the AN205-P antenna When you use the AN205-P antenna, a cable "splitter" is required to separate the signal path of the single cable connected at the antenna into two cables for connection to the 951/952. For the proper installation of the splitter, refer to Figure 12: "Correct AN205-P (combo antenna) splitter wiring," below. The splitter should be located near the unit for convenience, but may be situated virtually anywhere along the length of the maximum 100 feet of RG-59 GPS cable, without appreciable signal loss. Note, however, that the splitter isn't weatherproof and should be placed in a protected area where it won't be subjected to direct water splash or spray. Page 20 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Figure 12: Correct AN205-P (combo antenna) splitter wiring Avoid tight bends when installing any antenna cable. Be sure to fasten the cable along its length to avoid chafing or whipping of any kind. After you've mounted the antenna and cut the cable to length--not less than 50 feet--install the supplied TNC connector at the other (952X) end. See Figure 13, Figure 14, and Figure 15 below. A satisfactory crimp for this connector may be made with a commonly available, high-quality crimping tool designed for use with TNC connectors. NOTE: Be sure that you properly install the TNC connector: Most system failures--whether continuous or intermittent--can be traced to poor connector installation. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 21 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Mounting the AN205-P antenna 1. Strip cable jacket to the following dimensions (in inches), as illustrated in Figure 13: "Stripping the coax cable jacket," below: a=0.57, b=0.34, c=0.14, d=0.43. Do not nick the center conductor. Figure 13: Stripping the coax cable jacket 2. Figure 14: "Flared cable braid," below: Slide outer ferrule on as shown. Slightly flare the end of cable braid, as shown, to facilitate insertion into inner ferrule. Figure 14: Flared cable braid 3. Place center contact onto center conductor so that it butts against the cable dielectric. Crimp the contact in place using Amphenol tool handle #227-944 and Cavity B of Die Set 227-980-3. 4. Install cable assembly into body assembly so inner ferrule slides over dielectric and under braid. Push cable assembly forward until contact seats in insulator. Slide outer ferrule over braid and up against connector body. Crimp outer ferrule using Cavity A of tools specified above. The connector ferrule-to-cable junction can be sealed and protected using adhesive-lined heat shrink. Figure 15: Completed TNC connector Page 22 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Installing an 8410 ACU (for use with the AN150 only) The Northstar 8410 Antenna Coupling Unit (ACU--supplied with a unit that's equipped with a DGPS receiver) is used when you don't want to use the combo AN205-P antenna. Although similar in appearance to Northstar loran ACUs, only the unit labeled "8410" will work with the internal DGPS receiver. The ACU also serves as a sturdy mounting base for the whip antenna. The ACU consists of two pieces. The circuitry is sealed in a rugged, waterproof, fiberglass polycarbonate body, the upper end of which is threaded to accept a standard 4-foot whip antenna. A large female thread is molded into the lower portion, or base, of the ACU body into which the upper half is secured (see Figure 16, "ACU assembly"). A gasket and rubber O-ring on the upper half provide weathertight sealing when the two halves are secured. The bottom of the base is threaded (1"­14) to mount onto an antenna mast or onto a standard deck mount. Figure 16: ACU assembly 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 23 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit CAUTION! Maintaining the ACU's weathertight seal between its upper and lower halves requires only hand-tightening the two together. Using a wrench or other tool may distort the gasket or housing/ rubber O-ring inside, or break the coupler base. The ACU connects to the 951X or 952X with RG-58U coaxial cable, which carries signals to the differential receiver and DC power to the ACU amplifier. See Figure 17 below for the correct AN150/8410 wiring. A 25-foot length of this cable is supplied with the unit. This cable may be extended up to a length of 300 feet. The cable passes up through the hollow ACU base and connects to the PL-259 (UHF) connector at the bottom of the ACU. For UHF connector preparation, see"Differential GPS antenna cable connectors" beginning on page 25. NOTE: This connection must be made before the ACU is screwed into its base. Figure 17: Correct AN150 and 8410 wiring Page 24 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit RF grounding The grounding system is an equal partner with the antenna in producing quality differential beacon signals for the 951/952 differential receiver. Essentially, the ground system provides a secure connection to a large electrical mass; ideally, the earth itself. On a vessel, this means establishing electrical contact with "seawater" ground. On a steel vessel, a good connection to the hull or steel pilothouse is sufficient. Wood or fiberglass vessels require a metal ground plate or a thru-hull fitting. If the metal ground plate is impractical, the engine block or the negative (­) battery terminal can sometimes be used, but only as a last choice due to stray electrical noise that may be present at these locations. Lack of proper grounding can adversely affect differential signal strength, as well as SNRs, and is the most common source of problems with differential antenna installations. The same grounding techniques that have worked well for loran systems will work equally well for differential antenna systems. The 8410 ACU has a separate black ground wire inside the coupler base. This wire is the AC signal ground connection from the antenna input circuit. The purpose of bringing it out is to make available a separate signal ground path. Use #16 AWG minimum for grounding. If possible, use a grounding "strap" that is designed for this purpose. Other electrical equipment onboard can cause large amounts of electrical noise, even at points that appear well-grounded. Try several ground points (ground plate, vessel ground, engine block, and so on) to determine which works best under different conditions. WARNING! Whenever any antenna is disconnected from on-board equipment, be sure to ground the antenna shield in order to discharge extremely large static voltages that can quickly build up on an ungrounded antenna system. These voltages are hazardous to personnel and equipment! Differential GPS antenna cable connectors Both ends of the differential beacon receiver antenna cable terminate in UHF connectors. To prepare UHF connectors, follow the assembly instructions in Figure 18. For best results, coat these connectors with silicone dielectric grease (DC 4 or equivalent) to protect the connector junction against water intrusion and surface corrosion of the contacts. In addition, protect the connector area, including the shield-to-connector junction and jacket-to-crimp ferrule area, with liquid electrical tape (Starbright Liquid Tape comes in color-coordinating black or white) or self-vulcanizing electrical tape (Tommy Tape). 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 25 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Figure 18: PL 259 (UHF) connector Mounting the 8410 The Northstar 8410 differential receiver antenna should be mounted as high as conveniently possible (but not at the highest point) and as far away as possible from other antennas. If you have several possible antenna locations, you may evaluate each by operating the unit with the DGPS antenna temporarily mounted in each location. The best location is one providing the lowest "noise" count (atmospheric impulse noise generated by thunderstorms and other conditions, including vessel-generated noise and any on-board interference) and highest Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). You can view both of these values after you turn the unit's power on; see "Turning the unit on" starting on page 29. Page 26 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Another major concern, precipitation static (called "P-static"), must be addressed when installing the differential antenna. P-static generally appears only during rain or snow; consequently, it can easily be overlooked during installation. Much like a loran antenna, the effects of P-static are minimized if the differential antenna is mounted so that it isn't the highest metallic object on the vessel. The highest metal object acts much like a lightning rod, attracting tiny static discharges in the atmosphere. If the differential receiver antenna is the highest object, these discharges can totally override the differential signals and cause poor operation in bad weather. The optimum antenna location is high and clear for fair-weather operation, but below the top of a metal mast or other antenna for best foul-weather operation. On sailing vessels, the ACU could be mounted on top of a low mast, or on the stern rail if no other suitable location is available. The 8410 differential receiver ACU can be mounted on a standard marine antenna mount (one inch diameter, 14 threads per inch). For special applications involving serious grounding problems, or where optimum portability is required, you can use the AN205-P combination GPS/DGPS antenna; for details, see "Installing the AN205-P antenna" starting on page 19. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 27 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Turning the unit on and off Inserting a chart cartridge If using a chart cartridge, you should insert the cartridge before turning the unit on (to avoid any possibility of a system lock-up). The cartridge slot is located at the lower right-hand corner of the unit. If the unit is off, you can verify whether a cartridge has already been installed by opening the cartridge access door (turn its handle ¼-turn counter-clockwise) and looking inside the slot. If the unit is on, you can verify whether a cartridge has already been installed by pressing the &+$57 6(783 menu key to the right of the CHART screen (the cartridge access door must be fully closed and latched to display this information). One of two possible screens will be displayed: · · If a cartridge is present, the cartridge name and date are displayed at the bottom of the CHART SETUP/STATUS screen (at left below). If a cartridge is either not installed or incorrectly installed, the words NONE INSERTED are displayed (at right below). The cartridge name is derived from its Navionics catalog number. The date may not be present for all cartridges, especially older ones; in these cases, the word PRESENT is displayed in place of the cartridge name and date. Before inserting the cartridge, make sure that its label is facing up and that the cartridge is oriented as shown in Figure 19 below. Insert the cartridge gently but firmly into position with one straight, smooth motion. If you partially insert the cartridge, then move the cartridge again after stopping, it may become stuck in an awkward position. Page 28 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit The Navionics chart cartridge must remain free from debris and moisture at all times. To ensure that you do not expose the cartridge to any environmental damage, please use caution when changing the cartridge. Exercise care when inserting the cartridge into the Northstar unit (see description and illustration at right). When not in use, store the cartridge in a clean, dry place away from heat, humidity, and dust. Improper handling and storage of the cartridge may result in damage to the Northstar unit. Such damage is not covered under manufacturer warranty. Figure 19: Proper insertion of a chart cartridge Turning the unit on To activate the unit, briefly press the 3:5 key. You'll be greeted with a map of the Earth with the words "NORTHSTAR" (at left below) or "NORTHSTAR 952X" (at right below), then the owner identification message. Next, the unit performs a series of self-tests (the 951 and 952 self-test screens vary slightly) in which critical components and functions are checked for any errors. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 29 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit NOTE: If the unit's power has been off and its display screen is "cold," a brief warm-up period may be required for the display screen to achieve its full intensity. Advisory message When the unit is powered up, a special advisory message is displayed as a precautionary reminder that the unit's chart cartography must not be relied upon as the sole means of safe navigation. Although every effort has been made to ensure that the data used by the unit is as close to paper charts as possible, errors and omissions are inevitable. Therefore, extreme care must be used when navigating by means of electronic charts. It is the captain's responsibility to cross-check the 951/952 against other sources of navigation data. To proceed, you must first acknowledge your acceptance of the advisory message by pressing any one of the five function keys located beneath the display screen. GPS signals Once the unit is turned on and has acquired satellite data, you can check the quality of the GPS signals being received by viewing the various satellites' SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) readings: Press the 326,7,21 key to view the GPS POSITION screen (as shown at left below), then press the Page 30 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit '*36 ,1)2 menu key to view the DGPS STATUS screen (as shown at right below). Turning the unit off To shut off the unit, press and hold the 3:5 key for approximately four seconds until the screen goes dark. Testing and troubleshooting the 951/952 Installation-test checklist To test the system after installation, first apply power to the unit and confirm power is on with no errors. Next, check for the presence of GPS and DGPS signals. Review the chart-plotter function: With the chart cartridge inserted, confirm that the chart map is displayed. Typical problems you may encounter either during or after the installation process are outlined in the following tables: Table 2, "Troubleshooting the installation," on page 31 below, and Table 3, "Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation," on page 35. Troubleshooting common installation problems Table 2: Troubleshooting the installation Problem Area POWER DISPLAY Symptom Pressing the 3:5 key doesn't start the unit. The unit powers up, beeps, and the backlight can be operated up and down, but there isn't any video. Possible Solutions/Reasons · · Check the fuse and the power to the unit. If a 951, try adjusting the contrast by pressing the $552: key. If a 952, the display may have failed (the 952's $552: key adjusts only brightness, not contrast). Call your Northstar dealer or the Northstar Service Department. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 31 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Table 2: Troubleshooting the installation (continued) Problem Area DISPLAY (cont'd) Symptom The display screen dims, either slightly or more, after the unit has been on for a certain time. Possible Solutions/Reasons · The unit may be implementing its auto-dimming mode. Auto-dimming helps maintain the integrity of the display and reduce power consumption when the unit is on and running too hot for its current environment. In this case the display screen may dim to half its intensity. SYSTEM System lock-ups Software-related: System locks up under certain conditions, such as when configuring screens, routes, waypoints, or tide data. Displays error message ROM NO GOOD. · Install the latest software version; to order, call the Northstar Service Department. Install the latest software version; to order, call the Northstar Service Department. Internal software failure; call your Northstar dealer or the Northstar Service Department. · System always freezes at one particular screen. SYSTEM System lock-ups Hardware-related: The system locks up on a random basis with no apparent pattern. · · Internal hardware failure; call your Northstar dealer or the Northstar Service Department. The system locks up when using a chart card. · Possible bad chart card. Remove the card, and inspect the pin area of the card and the unit for damage. If the pins in the unit are bent or damaged, to prevent further damage, don't insert another card. If you're sure that the card pins aren't bent, try inserting a new card. Internal hardware failure; call your Northstar dealer or the Northstar Service Department. Possible incorrect installation of the AS110/AS105 splitter cables; they may be reversed at the splitter for the GPS and differential output ports. For verification and troubleshooting of the antenna system, see Table 3, "Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation," on page 35. System fails any initial self-tests other than ROM NO GOOD. · SYSTEM Configuration No GPS or DGPS · · Page 32 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Table 2: Troubleshooting the installation (continued) Problem Area DGPS (DIFFERENTIAL) Symptom There's no DGPS indicator on the display screen, and: The BEACON RX SELF-TEST message says FAILED (press the 67$5 key to access the USER CUSTOMIZATION screen, then press the 6(59,&( ,1)25 0$7,21 menu key to display the SERVICE INFORMATION screen). Possible Solutions/Reasons · · · · Wait 30 minutes after start-up (only if a new unit). Check for an open or shorted beacon-antenna cable connector. Check for proper ground (8410 only). The Northstar 8410 ACU or the differential circuit board may be defective; call your Northstar dealer or the Northstar Service Department. There's no DGPS indicator on the screen, and: The BEACON RX SELF-TEST message reads PASSED (press the 67$5 key to access the USER CUSTOMIZATION screen, then press the 6(59,&( ,1)25 0$7,21 menu key to display the SERVICE INFORMATION screen), and the DGPS STATUS message reads SEARCHING (press the 326,7,21 key to access the GPS POSITION screen, then press the '*36 ,1)2 key to display the DGPS STATUS screen). · Wait 30 minutes after start-up (only if a new unit) so the receiver can find a differential transmitter within range) check local knowledge or transmitters). Check for high noise level, possibly due to a storm front, or for local interference at the marina or on the vessel. For details about noise-level meanings, see the Northstar 951/952 Operator's Manual (GM1500C). Turn off power to each and all of the vessel's other instruments, one at a time, to isolate the source of the interference. Try manually selecting and setting a DGPS beacon station to be used to see if the signal can be received. Consult the Coast Guard's Local Notice to Mariners to determine if there's a scheduled maintenance outage for the station you're trying to use. For additional guidance, call your Northstar dealer or the Northstar Service Department. · · · · · DGPS (cont'd) There's no DGPS indicator on the screen, and: The BEACON RX SELF-TEST AND SOFTWARE reads PASSED, and the DGPS STATUS message reads OLD CORRECTIONS. · No DGPS corrections have been received, and the system has returned to non-differential operation. You may be out of range of a transmitter, or if you're experiencing bad weather, noise may be interfering. In either case, you must wait. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 33 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Table 2: Troubleshooting the installation (continued) Problem Area Symptom There's no DGPS indicator on the CHART screen, and: The BEACON RX SELF-TEST AND SOFTWARE reads PASSED, and the DGPS STATUS message reads POOR DOPS. There's no DGPS indicator on the CHART screen, and: BCN UNHEALTHY is displayed. Possible Solutions/Reasons · Wait for the satellite configuration to automatically update, which should only take a few minutes. · Wait--the transmitter is switching to another beacon. You can try manually switching to another transmitter. Turn off power to each and all of the vessel's other instruments and systems, one at a time, to isolate the source of the interference. Attempt to eliminate the noise through earth grounding or RF filtering techniques as appropriate to the type of noise encountered. Check that you have the proper length and type of cable, and that all connections are clean and secure. Verify the quality of the antenna location (the antenna should have a clear view of the sky). For the correct antenna placement, see Figure 6. See Table 3, "Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation," on page 35. INTERFERENCE Electrical, magnetic, or radio frequency (RF) energy is interfering with the reliable operation of the unit, as shown by high levels of noise on the DGPS STATUS screen. · · GPS The unit powers up, but poor GPS SNR readings are obtained even after running the unit for several minutes. · · · Page 34 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Troubleshooting common GPS/DGPS antenna installation problems Whenever possible, the best and most efficient way to troubleshoot is to use a known-good set of cables, a splitter for combo antennas (when applicable), and working antennas as spares for swapping. In Table 3, "Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation," on page 35, the Northstar AN150 refers to the 12-dB GPS antenna; the Northstar 8410 coupler with whip antenna refers to the beacon receiver whip-type (E-field) antenna; and the Northstar AN205-P refers to the combination (combo) GPS/DGPS loop antenna with splitter. Table 3: Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation Antenna GPS ANTENNA Symptom Poor or no GPS signal while using the AN150 antenna. Possible Solutions/Reasons · · · Turn off any onboard transmitting devices. Check for 5.5 VDC at antenna with and without antenna load connected.a Check for 5.5 VDC at 951/952 BNC connector. It indicates a bad connector installation, bad GPS board, or bad AN150 antenna. If 5.5 VDC low or missing with load connected: · If 5.5 VDC is missing with load disconnected: If 5.5 VDC is present: DGPS ANTENNA No GPS or DGPS · · · · · · It indicates a bad GPS board. It indicates a bad AN150. Replace the AN150. Bad splitter configuration.b Splitter cables may be reversed for GPS and DGPS output. Check installation for correct cabling. Check for 7.75 VDC at antenna with and without antenna load (cables and splitter) connected.c (Use "T" connectors to measure VDC under load.) Check for 7.75 VDC at 951/952 UHF/ DGPS connector. It indicates a bad connector installation, bad differential 8500-A board, bad AN2xx. The load is too great or the 8500-A board is defective. It indicates a bad 8500-A board, or other internal fault. Poor or no GPS signal while using the AN205-P antenna with splitter: · If 7.75 VDC is low or missing with load connected: · If 7.75 VDC is low or missing with load disconnected: · If 7.75 VDC is present at processor UHF connector but not at antenna: · It indicates bad cabling, bad connectors, or a bad splitter. 951/952 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision B Page 35 SECTION TWO - Installing the unit Table 3: Troubleshooting the GPS/DGPS antenna installation (continued) Antenna DGPS ANTENNA (cont'd) Symptom No beacon signal (applies to all DGPS antennas): Possible Solutions/Reasons · Press the 67$5 key to display the USER CUSTOMIZATION screen, then press the 5(&(,9(5 237,216 menu key to display the RECEIVER OPTIONS screen: Here, check that the DGPS OPERATION option is set to "ENABLED" and the BEACON FREQ option is set to "AUTO," and that the BEACON BAUD RATE option is set to "AUTO." Press the 67$5 key to access the USER CUSTOMIZATION screen, then press the 6(59,&( ,1)25 0$7,21 menu key to display the SERVICE INFORMATION screen: Here, check that the BEACON RX SELF-TEST reads "PASSED." Check the coax and antenna for open/ short, and check for 7.75 VDC at the UHF connector, under load. The 8500-A board may be bad. · If the BEACON RX SELF-TEST reads "FAILED:" ·