User manual PHILIPS 107E21-20H

electronic user's manual file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/manual.html [2003/11/3 ?? 01:11:51] Safety & Troubleshooting Safety and Troubleshooting Information Safety Precautions and Maintenance · Troubleshooting · Regulatory Information · Other Related Information Safety precautions and maintenance WARNING: Use of controls, adjustments, or procedures other than those specified in this documentation may result in exposure to shock, electrical hazards, and/or mechanical hazards. Read and follow these instructions when connecting and using your computer monitor: q Disconnect the monitor from the power supply if the monitor is not to be used for an extended period of time. q q q q q Do not attempt to remove the back cover, as you will be exposed to a shock hazard. The back cover should only be removed by qualified service personnel. Do not place objects on top of the monitor cabinet, objects could fall into vents or cover them and prevent proper cooling of the monitor's electronic devices. To avoid the risk of shock or permanent damage to the set, do not expose the monitor to rain or excessive moisture. Do not use alcohol or ammonia-based liquid to clean the monitor. If necessary, clean with a slightly damp cloth. Disconnect the monitor from the power supply before cleaning. When positioning the monitor, make sure the power plug and outlet are easily accessible. Consult a service technician if the monitor does not operate normally when operating instructions of this manual are followed. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/SAFETY/SAFETY.HTM [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] About This Electronic User's Manual About This Electronic User's Manual About This Guide · Other Documents You May Need · Notational Descriptions About This Guide This electronic user's guide is intended for anyone who uses the Philips Color Monitor. It describes the monitor's features, setup, operation and all other information, which is the same exact information described in our printed version. The sections are as follows: q q q Safety and Troubleshooting Information provides tips and solutions for common problems, and other related information you may need. About This Electronic User's Manual gives overview of what information are included as well as notation icon descriptions and other documentation you can refer to. Product Information gives an overview of the monitor's features and as well as the technical specifications for this monitor. Installing Your Monitor describes the initial setup process and gives an overview of how to use the monitor. On Screen Display provides information on adjusting the settings on your monitor. Customer Care and Warranty is a list of worldwide Philips consumer information centers along with the help desk phone numbers and information on the applicable warranty of your product.. Glossary provides more information for technical terms. Download allows users to install the entire manual on their hard drive. Frequently Asked Questions provides answers to commonly asked questions. q q q q q q RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE Other Documents You May Need In addition to this Electronic User's Guide, you may need to refer to the following documentation: q Philips Color Monitor Quick Start Guide which summarizes the steps for setting up the monitor. This is included with this product. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE Notational Descriptions The following subsections describe notational conventions used in this document. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/ABOUT/ABOUT.HTM (1 of 2) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] About This Electronic User's Manual Notes, Cautions, and Warnings Throughout this guide, blocks of text may be accompanied by an icon and printed in bold type or in italic type. These blocks are notes, cautions, and warnings, and they are used as follows: NOTE: This icon indicates important information and tips that help you make better use of your computer system. CAUTION: This icon indicates information that tells you how to avoid either potential damage to hardware or loss of data. WARNING: This icon indicates the potential for bodily harm and tells you how to avoid the problem. SMART HELP: This icon indicates helpful information when adjusting the On Screen Display of your monitor. Some warnings may appear in alternate formats and may be unaccompanied by an icon. In such cases, the specific presentation of the warning is mandated by regulatory authority. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE ©2003 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. All rights reserved. Reproduction, copying, usage, modifying, hiring, renting, public performance, transmission and/or broadcasting in whole or in part is prohibited without written consent of Philips Electronics N.V. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/ABOUT/ABOUT.HTM (2 of 2) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] 107E Product Information Product Information Product Features · Technical Specifications · Automatic Power Saving · Physical Specification · Pin Assignment · Product Views Product Features 107E5 q q q q q q q 17-inch (16.0" VIS) color monitor with excellent front of screen performance for use with MACs and PCs Autoscan covers horizontal frequencies up to 70 kHz offering a maximum resolution of 1280 x 1024 with flicker free display of 1024 x 768 at up to 88 Hz Flat square High Contrast CRT with high-resolution 0.27 mm dot pitch (0.23 hdp). Large screen display in a small footprint: 17-inch conventional monitor with maximum depth of only 419 mm/16.5" Multimedia Base and USB Hub option sRGB for true on screen color representation. FCC, CE (in selected countries only) and ISO9241, ISO14001 certified RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE Technical Specifications* CRT · Size and deflection · Dot pitch · Horizontal pitch · Tube type · Phosphor · Recommended display area · Maximum display area 17 inch / 41 cm ; 90° deflection angle 0.27 mm 0.23 mm Shadow mask, flat square, high contrast, anti-glare, anti-static, anti reflection, light transmission 47% P22 12.0" x 9.0" / 306 x 230 mm 12.8" x 9.6" / 325 x 244 mm SCANNING · Horizontal scanning · Vertical scanning 30 - 70 KHz 50 - 160 Hz file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/PRODUCT/PRODUCT.HTM (1 of 4) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] 107E Product Information VIDEO · Video dot rate · Input impedance - Video - Sync · Input signal levels · Sync input signal · Sync polarities 75 ohm 4.7 kOhm 0.7 Vpp Separate sync Positive and negative 108 MHz WHITE COLOR TEMPERATURE Chromaticity CIE coordinates: · at 9300 degrees K · at 6500 degrees K x = 0.283 / y = 0.297 x = 0.313 / y = 0.329 sRGB sRGB is a standard for ensuring correct exchange of colors between different devices (e.g. digital cameras, monitors, printers, scanners, etc.) Using a standard unified color space, sRGB will help represent pictures taken by an sRGB compatible device correctly on your sRGB enabled Philips monitors. In that way, the colors are calibrated and you can rely on the correctness of the colors shown on your screen. Important with the use of sRGB is that the brightness and contrast of your monitor is fixed to a predefined setting as well as the color gamut. Therefore it is important to select the sRGB setting in the monitor's OSD. To do so, open the OSD by pressing the OK button on the front of your monitor. Use the down button to go to Color temperature and press OK again. Then move the down button to go to sRGB and press OK again. Exit this OSD. After this, please don't change the brightness or contrast setting of your monitor. If you change either of these, the monitor will exit the sRGB mode and go to a color temperature setting of 6500K. For more information on sRGB, please visit: www.srgb.com * These information are subject to change without notice. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE Automatic Power Saving file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/PRODUCT/PRODUCT.HTM (2 of 4) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] 107E Product Information If you have VESA's DPMS compliance display card or software installed in your PC, the monitor can automatically reduce its power consumption when not in use. And if an input from a keyboard, mouse or other input device is detected, the monitor will automatically "wake up". The following table shows the power consumption and signaling of this automatic power saving features: Power Management Definition VESA's Mode ON Video H-sync V-sync Power Used Power Saving (%) 0% LED color Active Yes Yes Typical 64W Green OFF Blanked No No <2W 98% Flashing Green This monitor is ENERGY STAR® compliant. As an ENERGY STAR® Partner, PHILIPS has determined that this product meets the ENERGY STAR® guidelines for energy efficiency. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE Physical Specifications · Dimensions · Weight · Power supply · Temperature (operating) · Temperature (storage) · Relative humidity(storage) 15.6" x 15.1" x 16.5" / 397 x 383 x 419 mm (including base) 15.6" x 13.1" x 16.5" / 397 x 333 x 419 mm (excluding base) 14.0 kg 90 - 132VAC/ 195 - 264 VAC, 50/60Hz (Please refer to rating label) 0° to 40°C / 32° to 104°F -25° to +65°C / -13° to +149°F 5% to 95% * Resolution 1280 x 1024, standard size, contrast max., brightness 50%, 9300°, full white pattern. * These information are subject to change without notice. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/PRODUCT/PRODUCT.HTM (3 of 4) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] 107E Product Information Pin Assignment The 15-pin D-sub connector (male) of the signal cable (IBM systems): Pin Assignment No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Red video input Green video input Blue video input Identical output - connected to pin 10 Ground Red video ground Green video ground Blue video ground Pin Assignment No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 +5V DDC supply Logic ground Identical output - connected to pin 10 Serial data line (SDA) H. Sync / H+V V. Sync (VCLK for DDC) Data clock line (SCL) RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE Views Follow the links to see various views of the monitor and its components. Front View Rear View RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/107E/PRODUCT/PRODUCT.HTM (4 of 4) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] Installing your Monitor Installing your Monitor Front View · Rear View · 6G3B11 Multimedia Base (option) Front View Power button switches your monitor on. OK button which when pressed will take you to the OSD controls Contrast hotkey. When the "-" button is pressed, the adjustment controls for the CONTRAST will show up. Brightness hotkey. When the "+" button is pressed, the adjustment controls for BRIGHTNESS will show up. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/INSTALL_6/INSTALL.HTM (1 of 3) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] Installing your Monitor "-" and "+" buttons, are used for adjusting the OSD of your monitor. LightFrameTM hotkey. When the button is pressed, the high-brightness function of LightFrameTM will show up. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE Rear View file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/INSTALL_6/INSTALL.HTM (2 of 3) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] Installing your Monitor 1. Power in - attach power cable here. 2. Video In - this is a cable which is already attached to your monitor. Connect the other end of the cable to your PC. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/INSTALL_6/INSTALL.HTM (3 of 3) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:13] On-Screen Display On-Screen Display Description of the On-Screen Display · The OSD Tree · The OSD Controls Description of the On Screen Display What is the On-Screen Display? This is a feature in all Philips monitors which allows an end-user to adjust screen performance of monitors directly through an on-screen instruction window. The user interface provides user-friendliness and ease-of-use when operating the monitor. Basic and simple instruction on the control keys. On the front controls of your monitor, once you press the button, the On Screen Display (OSD) Main Controls window will pop up and you can now start making adjustments to your monitor's various features. Use the to make your adjustments within. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/OSD_2/OSDDESC.HTM (1 of 3) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] On-Screen Display RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE The OSD Tree Below is an overall view of the structure of the On-Screen Display. You can use this as reference when you want to later on work your way around the different adjustments. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/OSD_2/OSDDESC.HTM (2 of 3) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] On-Screen Display RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/OSD_2/OSDDESC.HTM (3 of 3) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Customer Care and Warranty Customer Care & Warranty PLEASE SELECT YOUR COUNTRY/AREA TO READ THE WARRANTY COVERED: WESTERN EUROPE: Austria · Belgium · Cyprus · Denmark · France · Germany · Greece · Finland · Ireland · Italy · Luxembourg · the Netherlands · Norway · Portugal · Sweden · Switzerland · Spain · United Kingdom EASTERN EUROPE: Czech Republic · Hungary · Poland · Russia · Turkey · Bulgaria LATIN AMERICA: Antilles · Argentina · Brazil · Chile · Colombia · Mexico · Paraguay · Peru · Uruguay · Venezuela NORTH AMERICA: USA & Canada PACIFIC: Australia · New Zealand ASIA: Bangladesh · China · Hong Kong · India · Indonesia · Japan · Korea · Malaysia · Pakistan · Philippines · Singapore · Taiwan · Thailand AFRICA: Morocco · South Africa MIDDLE EAST: Dubai · Egypt file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/WARRANTY/WARRANTY_107E.HTM [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions 1. What does the "Designed for Windows" logo signify? The "Designed for Windows" logo means your Philips monitor fulfills the requirements and recommendations of the PC9x (97, 98, or 99) System Design Guide and passes stringent WHQL tests. 2. What is USB? Think of USB as a smart plug for PC peripherals. USB automatically determines resources (like driver software and bus bandwidth) required by peripherals. USB makes necessary resources available without user intervention. Its three main benefits are: q USB eliminates "Case angst," the fear of removing the computer case to install circuit board cards - that often require adjustment of complicated IRQ settings -- for add-on peripherals. USB does away with "port gridlock." Without USB, PCs are normally limited to one printer, two Com port devices (usually a mouse and modem), one Enhanced Parallel Port add-on (scanner or video camera, for example) and a joystick. More and more peripherals for multimedia computers come on the market every day. With USB, up to 127 devices can run simultaneously on a computer. USB permits "hot plug-in." No need to shut down, plug in, reboot and run set up to install peripherals. No need to go through the reverse process to unplug a device. Bottom line: USB transforms today's "Plug-and-Pray" into true Plug-and-Play! q q 3. What is a USB hub? Think of USB hub as a extension of USB ports. Normally, the PC provides only one or two USB ports. To connect additional USB devices, you need a USB hub. 4. What is Philips Monitors USB hub solution? Increasingly, monitors include USB hub functionality. But not all users need or want a USB hub. To give users freedom of choice, Philips provides an optional USB hub (type number PCUH411). The USB hub consists of two parts that are normally connected: one is functional, the other aesthetic. The aesthetic element is a removable cover. With the cover removed, the USB hub can be attached to the base or pedestal of monitor. The attached USB hub can be rotated to any position around the monitor's base. With this innovative Philips solution, your USB hub is always within reach for convenient connection and disconnection of USB peripherals. 6. What models are Mac compatible? All listed Philips monitors are Mac compatible. BUT, you may need an adapter to connect the file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (1 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions monitor to your Mac system. Please contact your dealer/reseller for details. 7. What is TCO? TCO is a Swedish abbreviation for the Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees. 8. What is MPR? MPR is a Swedish abbreviation for the Swedish National Board of Measurement and Testing. 9. What are the differences between MPRII, TCO92, TCO95, TCO99 and TCO'03? In the general hierarchy of standards, TCO'03/TCO99 is the highest level of certification. Next is TCO95, which is "better" than TCO92, which, in turn, is better than MPRII. Below, we compare the standards in each category. -TCO 92 Phase out: June 30, 2000 -TCO 95 Will be end December 31, 2003 Emissions: MPRII: Set low emission rules for visual displays. TCO92: Imposed more stringent standards than MPRII. TCO95: Further toughened TCO92 rules. TCO99: Delineated even more severe standards and test procedures than TCO95. TCO'03: Same as TCO99 standard + Testing uncertainty. Safety: MPRII: No requirement. TCO92/95/99/03: All set requirements. Energy Saving: MPRII: No requirement. TCO92: Standby mode < 30W, Off mode < 8W TCO95: Standby mode < 30W, Off mode < 8W TCO99: Standby mode < 15W, Off mode < 5W TCO'03:Standby mode < 15W, Off mode < 5W file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (2 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions Visual Ergonomics: MPRII: No requirement. TCO92: No requirement. TCO95: Set ergonomic rules including minimum contrast level, flicker and jitter. TCO99: Tightened TCO95 rules. TCO'03: Tighten TCO99 rule for CRT and new requirement of screen color for TFT LCD Monitors. Ecology: MPRII: No requirement. TCO92: No requirement. TCO95: Set general ecological standards including recycling preparation, environmental policy and environmental certification. TCO99: Further tightened TCO95 norms. TCO'03:Require the recycling information to users. 10. How do I enable the energy saving function? Go to 'My Computer' and select 'Control Panel' followed by 'Monitor Control.' Select "All default selection' and choose your Philips monitor model from the default driver list. Plug and Play will automatically enable the EPA tick box for you. In DOS or Windows 3.1, you must first make sure your PC supports power saving. 11. What is refresh rate? "Refresh rate" describes the number of times an entire screen is vertically scanned each second. In other words: If a monitor's refresh rate is 85 Hz, its screen is refreshed - or vertically scanned - 85 times per second. A higher the refresh rate means better image stability and less flicker. A high refresh rate helps users who work long hours in front of a monitor avoid eye fatigue and stress. To change the refresh rate, go into "Start/Settings / Control Pannel / Display / Properties / Setting/Advance/Adaptor" Windows settings of the computer, the monitor will automatically adjust itself to the video card. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (3 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions 12. Why does the picture on the screen appear to flicker? A low refresh rate or electrical interference typically causes flickering in the picture. Possible solutions include the following: q Verify that the proper drivers are installed for your video card q Make sure that all electrical devices (such as mobile phones) are at least 1m from the monitor q Place the monitor in another physical location away from electrical interference q Adjust the refresh rate to 75hz or higher. 13. How do I adjust my monitor's resolution? Available resolutions are determined by the capabilities of your video card and graphic driver. Under Windows '95, you may select the desired available resolution through the 'Display properties/Settings' menu. 14. How can I adjust the size, position and rotation of my screen? Depending on the model you own, you can use your CustoMax Software, On Screen Display (OSD) or control knobs located on the monitor. 15. What if I get lost when making monitor adjustments? Simply press OK button then select "Reset to factory settings" to restore all settings. 16. What is LightFrameTM? LightFrameTM is a Philips technology breakthrough which offers a unique and revolutionary solution for boosting a monitor 's brightness and sharpness. With LightFrameTM, the user experiences TV quality performance for video or photos without deterioration to the monitor 's performance in windows used for other applications. 17. How does LightFrameTM work? file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (4 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions LightFrameTM consists of a software application and an Integrated Circuit (IC) embedded in the monitor. Together, they boost brightness and sharpness in a user defined window or screen area. Unique LightFrameTM technology dramatically improves photo and video display quality. 18. Why is LightFrameTM important to me? With LightFrameTM, selected Philips monitors deliver TV quality video and photo display while maintaining monitor performance for text-based applications. The result is that movies and other video are brighter and livelier; photos are more vibrant and lifelike. 19. Will anyone else have this? LightFrameTM was invented, developed and patented by Philips. It is a unique feature that you will find exclusively in Philips monitors. 20. Will LightFrameTM shorten the life of a monitor? No. Extensive testing has confirmed LightFrameTM does not adversely affect monitor life. Today's state-of-the-art Philips monitors employ improved phosphors and are designed for high light output. LightFrameTM normally highlights photos and videos. Though the peak brightness of the highlighted area is strongly increased, the average brightness - a determining factor for cathode deterioration - is not normally increased. In any case, a special Automatic Beam Limiter (ABL) circuit keeps a monitor 's maximum average brightness within acceptable levels. 21. I get a message warning that my monitor 'may not support LightFrameTM '. I am certain my monitor does. What is wrong? Only a Philips driver can determine if your monitor is equipped with LightFrameTM; a generic Windows driver cannot. Install the special Philips driver that came with your monitor. If the warning continues to flash after your Philips driver is installed, ignore the message. LightFrameTM will function properly. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (5 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions 22. What will happen when my system is no longer connected to a LightFrameTM enabled monitor - for example, when I take my notebook on the road? Philips exclusive LightFrameTM feature requires the combined operation of hardware that resides in your monitor and software installed on your system. It only works when a monitor with built-in hardware receives commands from system software. Without both the LightFrameTM hardware equipped monitor and system software, the LightFrameTM does not function. 23. What is "XtraSpace Design" (XSD)? XSD stands for XtraSpace Design, a Philips breakthrough that reduces a CRT display device's footprint. Philips XSD monitors combine the world's smallest front-to-back footprint with excellent front of screen performance. 24. How did Philips achieve XtraSpace Design? Philips achieved this breakthrough in reduced footprint CRT display devices through short depth tubes and a focused design process that squeezed every excess millimeter out of XSD monitor desk space requirements. 25. What is Philips monitors' solution for audio? Not all users need multimedia capabilities. To give users freedom of choice, Philips provides an optional Multimedia Base (type number: 6G3B10). The Multimedia Base replaces the easily removable standard pedestal of the monitor. 26. Which models can be incorporated with the Multimedia Base? file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (6 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions The following models can be incorporated with the Multimedia Base: 109B5, 109E5,109F5, 107B5, 107E5,107F5, 107S5, 107T5. 27. What are Philips Multimedia Base's specifications? See detailed Multimedia Base specifications on the product information page. 28. Why is a Multimedia Base better than separate speakers? The major advantage of the Multimedia Base is its minimal space requirements. In fact, it hardly uses any extra space at all: monitor depth and width are unchanged. Only the monitor's height is increased by only 3 centimeters. 29. Where can I buy a multimedia base to incorporate with my Philips monitor? Please contact your dealer/reseller for details. 30. What does Auto Calibrate do? It makes your monitor perform better and last longer. As a monitor becomes older, brightness gradually deteriorates and its colors change. This well-known process effects all monitors. Eventually after a number of years, the monitor's brightness deteriorates to below 50% of its original value. At this stage, the usable life of a monitor is considered ended. Auto Calibrate regularly readjusts color temperature and luminance to their original values. 31. How does Philips Auto Calibrate feature benefit me? With Auto Calibrate, it takes a monitor's luminance 33 percent longer to deteriorate to the 50 percent level that marks the end of a display device's useful life. Thanks to Auto Calibrate, a monitor with a normal life of 10,000 hours, for example, would last for 13,300 hours, a full one third longer. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (7 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions 32. How does Auto Calibrate work? During the calibration process, different predefined black and white images are displayed on thescreen. The beam currents of the red, green and blue cannon are accurately measured and compared to the original values stored in the monitor. By readjusting gain values of the individual cannons, deviation is reduced to zero. Default values are stored during production. If the user sets a new color temperature, this new value is saved as the new default value. 33. When should calibration be performed? The calibration process takes less than six seconds. During this period, different specific images are displayed. After the process is finalized, the original image is redisplayed. Constant re-calibration is not required. Calibration should be performed after the monitor is warmed up. Auto Calibration takes place when a monitor receives a signal indicating an imminent switch to its sleep mode/stand-by mode. 34. Which models of Philips monitors are equipped with Auto Calibrate feature? Auto Calibrate is currently available in the new 201P, 201B and 109P. 35. The Main Menu displays OSD MAIN MENU LOCKED . Pressing the front control panels hasno effect. How can I unlock this function? Press and hold the OSD menu key for about 10 seconds until picture displays "OSD MAIN MENU UNLOCKED" 36. My screen shows NO SYNC INPUT , how can I get rid of this? Check the following for possible solutions: q Bent pins on the video cable q Make sure the computer is turned on q Ensure the VGA Cable is properly connected q Ensure the BNC/D-Sub connector on the rear of the monitor is in the correct position, file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (8 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions q newer models have this option in the On Screen Display under Input Signal Selection. Video card may be not a VESA standard (try the monitor with another computer) 37. Why does my monitor display "Out of Range"? The video card installed in your computer may be too high for the monitor 's specifications. Please contact your computer manufacturer for details on how to lower resolution for your operating system. 38. What is Moire? Why does my monitor have this wavy phenomenon? Moire is a natural effect or phenomenon of CRT that has the appearance of a wavy pattern, which is repetitive and superimposed on the screen as ripple images. These are a few suggestions to help reduce or minimize the effects: q Some monitors have a Moire cancellation feature, activate it to the on position or adjust the Moire cancellation function via the OSD on the monitor. q Change resolution to the recommended standard for the specific monitor size. q Change Window viewing pattern/scheme to a pattern where the Moire is less visible. q Change horizontal and vertical size to optimize the reduction of the Moire effect. 39. What is CustoMax? CustoMax is proprietary Philips software that allows user to control parameter (e.g. Size, Color, Geometry) in place of the buttons on the front of the monitor. To install and run the CustoMax software, you must have a USB compatible system and have a USB connection at the rear of your monitor. 40. My monitor appears to be missing one or more colors. How do I correct this? q If the OSD menu is also missing a color, please contact service for details q Set color temperature to 9300 color coordination q Check the video cable for any bent pins q Video card could be defective (try the monitor with another computer). 41. When I degauss my monitor, it makes a loud noise. Is this normal? file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (9 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions Yes, when degaussing your monitor via the OSD, it is normal for the monitor to make a relatively loud noise. Please be aware that many models will not degauss more than once within any given time period (up to 10 minutes). This is due to the unit having a temperature sensitive resistor. While the unit is degaussing, the resistor increases in value with heat and once it reaches a certain temperature, the resistance will rise and prevent voltage from reaching the degaussing coil. This is what stops the degausser, and this device's resistance will decrease as it cools back off, enabling the degauss function to operate again. This is an intentional design and is an industry standard, not just for Philips monitors. Please be aware that not all models in the Philips range has this manual degauss function. Some models are built with an auto degauss feature which automatically degausses the monitor when it is switched on. 42. How do I adjust the picture on the screen? Please perform the following to correct the picture image: Reset your monitor via the OSD menu Adjust the Horz (width) and/or Vert size (height) in the OSD Change monitor timing to work at the recommended resolution q q q 43. The edge of the picture on the screen appears to be distorted. How can I correct this? Please perform the following to correct the picture image: A magnetic or electrical interference typically causes poor geometry in the picture. Place the monitor in a different physical location Reset the monitor to the factory preset via the OSD menu Access the Geometry Menu in the OSD of the Monitor and perform the necessary adjustments Change the monitor timing to the recommended resolution q q q q 44. The picture appears too dim. How can I correct this? Adjust Brightness and/or Contrast via the monitor 's OSD. Some models have a Video Input file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (10 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions Select under Advanced Controls in the monitor 's OSD. Most computers require it to be set at 0.7V. Please review the following for possible solutions: q If the OSD menu is also dim, please contact service for repair q Reset the monitor via the OSD menu q Change the color temperature settings to 9300 color coordination via the OSD menu q Set the Contrast to maximum level (100) and Brightness to middle level (50) Video card could be defective (try the monitor with another computer) 45. I have noticed two thin horizontal lines on the screen of my Philips monitor. Is this normal? This phenomenon can occur with Philips 107P, 109P and 201P monitors and is normal. Your monitor is using an Aperture Grille, which consists of fine vertical wires to align the electron beams with the phosphors on the screen. To prevent these vertical wires from vibrating and to keep them properly aligned with the picture tube, two horizontal damper wires are required. These are located on one-third and on two-third from the top of the screen. The result is that you will see two very thin horizontal lines over your screen since the two wires are casting a slight shadow on the screen surface. You will find these wires (line) in any monitor from Philips and other brands using the Aperture Grille technology. 46. How can I increase the color display of my monitor? The amount of video memory your video card holds determines the amount of colors that can be displayed on your computer screen. To get the most out of your video card, you will need to either install the latest drivers onto your computer or upgrade the video cards memory. Please check with your computer or video card manufacturer for further details. 47. Why is there no picture on my monitor? q Check the wall socket for power. Verify that there is power by connecting another product. q Ensure the power cable is correctly attached to both the wall socket and the monitor. q Check that the power button is switched on. q Unplug the monitor for approx. 1 minute and plug it in again. Switch the monitor back on. 48. Why is there no picture on my monitor even though the power LED is yellow/amber or flashing green? file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (11 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Frequently Asked Questions q q q q Reboot your computer while holding the Ctrl key on your computer. If you see any picture during the boot procedure, please verify the settings of your video card (for Windows go to Control Panel and select Display). Check that the video cable is not damaged, bent or that any of the pins in the connector are damaged (please be aware that some VGA connectors have one missing pin). If damaged, replace with a new cable. Check that the cable is attached correctly to the computer. Press any key on the keyboard to wake-up the computer from power saving mode. 49. Why is there no picture on my monitor even though the power LED is green? q Verify the Contrast and Brightness setting of the monitor. First press and hold the 5 (-) button to increase Contrast and then press and hold the 4 (+) button to increase Brightness. These buttons are located on the front of your monitor. q Press both the 5(-) button and the OK button at the same time to switch input A|B. q Try and repeat step 48 above. 50. Why does the picture disappear after I press the on/off button quickly? This is a unique Philips feature designed to preserve the life of your monitor. Please allow 5 seconds between powering off and on your monitor, your picture will then be restored. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/FAQ.HTM (12 of 12) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:14] Glossary Glossary ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ A Autoscan A microprocessor-based feature of Philips Brilliance monitors is able to detect automatically horizontal and vertical frequencies of input signals with those of the installed video card. An autoscan monitor can thus operate with a wide range of video cards. MultiSync, a registered trademark of NEC, provides a similar function. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE B Balanced pincushion See Geometric distortion BNC connection A special construction of connector used in some monitors with higher horizontal scanning frequency. The BNC connection can provide the optimum shielding and matching characteristic impedance of video signal path to ensure the best video performance. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (1 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary C CE Mark CE mark is displayed on products per EMC and LV ( low Voltage Device ) directives in compliance with European Community safety, EMI and EMS requirements and is compulsory on products for sale in the European Community. Color temperature A way of describing the color of a radiating source in terms of the temperature (in degrees Kelvin) of a black body radiating with the same dominant frequency as the source. Most Philips monitors offer the possibility of setting the color temperature to any desired value. Contrast The ratio between the brightness of the brightest and darkest parts of a picture. The darkest part of a picture is set by the brightness of the unexcited phosphor, which is governed by the degree with which ambient light is reflected. Contrast is therefore reduced in conditions of high ambient light levels. Black Matrix tubes reflect less ambient light so exhibit higher contrast than other tubes. Convergence error Bean misalignment causing one or more of the three beams passing through the wrong aperture in the shadow mask and striking a phosphor dot in the wrong triad. Convergence error is expressed in mm often at three well-defined points on the screen, designated A, B and C (see figure ). Also known as misconvergence. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (2 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary Points where convergence error is specified. Convergence-error correction A method of correcting for convergence error to insure that all three beams land simultaneously in the same triad. This is usually accomplished by means of special convergence-error correction coils in the deflection yoke. CRT Cathode-ray tube - the general term for all tubes in which one or more electron beams emitted by a cathode are periodically scanned across a phosphor screen by means of deflection circuitry. A special form of the cathode-ray tube is the TV and monitor picture tube. CustoMax Philips proprietary monitor control software that allows users to control parameters (e.g., Size, Color, Geometry) using software running in Windows. CustoMax is compatible with existing VGA cards. See CrystalClear FAQ and USB Bay FAQ. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE D DDC (Display Data Channel) DDC is a communication channel for displays and computers. The DDC feature allows the monitor file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (3 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary controller to be automatically configured to make optimal use of the display without manual user interaction. DDC is implemented as part of the new Plug & Play approach introduced into the PC market to increase user friendliness. The three levels developed for Plug & play are: (1) DDC1, monitor send data to the PC; (2) DDC2B, PC can request information from monitor; and (3) DDC2Bi which is a two-way communication - monitor can be addressed and PC or graphics board can give commands to monitor. DDC 1/2B See DDC. DDC 2Bi See DDC. Degaussing The procedure of demagnetizing the shadow mask and associated metal parts of a picture tube at switch-on to minimize picture distortion. This is usually accomplished by means of a special degaussing coil through which a decaying alternating current is passed to generate an alternating magnetic field that gradually decays to demagnetize the tube. Some monitors offer a manual degaussing facility that can be activated at any time. Digital control Microprocessor-based digital control of picture parameters and video modes for complete control of picture settings and modes and instant recall of all settings at the push of a button. This is a very advanced feature that allows the user to switch to any required mode at any instant without having to spend time readjusting the picture. It is currently available in most Philips monitors. Dot pitch The shortest distance between two phosphor dots of the same color on the screen. The smaller the dot pitch, the better the resolution of the monitor. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (4 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary Dot rate Frequency in MHz of the dot clock. It is a measure of the speed with which data is transferred between the video card and subsequent processing circuitry. Also known as video dot rate. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE E Electromagnetic radiation standards International standards set to limit electromagnetic emissions from monitors. There are currently two important standards both derived from regulations originally laid down by Swedish authorities. MPR-II The standard originally proposed by the Swedish National Board of Measurement and Testing. It set maximum levels of electromagnetic radiation emitted by monitors, and has now been adopted as a world standard. MPR-II defines maximum permitted electrostatic, magnetic and electric field levels measured at a distance of 50 cm from the center of the monitor (see table). TCO file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (5 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary In 1991, the Swedish Tjänstemannens Central Organization (TCO, Swedish confederation of Professional Employees ) set a standard even more severe than MPR-II, especially for alternating electric fields (AEF). The TCO standard is more severe since not only are the permitted field levels reduced compared with MPR-II, but the measuring distance is also reduced (see table). Electromagnetic radiation standards EMI (Electrical Magnetic Interference) The electrical and/or magnetic radiation coming from the working electrical or electronic equipment. EMS (Electrical Magnetic Sustainment) The ability of electrical or electronic equipment to function properly in the environment with electrical and/or magnetic interference. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE F Flicker Very rapid variations in picture intensity caused by the finite time required for the electron beam to scan a picture onto the screen. Two kinds of flicker occur: line flicker caused by the electron beam scanning-in each line of the picture; and frame flicker (or field flicker if the picture is interlaced) caused by the frame repetition rate of 50 frames/second. Frame flicker is noticeable with GUI and DTP software (which have a light background), and can be very disturbing, especially for those who work regularly with displays contributing to eye strain, headaches, visual blurring, stress, etc. The problem can, however, be eliminated by increasing the refresh rate (number of frames/second) of the monitor to a value above around 70 Hz. Sensitivity to flicker appears to diminish with increasing age. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE H Hertz The unit of frequency named after the physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894). 1 hertz (Hz) is equal to 1 cycle/second. Horizontal dot pitch See Dot pitch. Horizontal scanning frequency file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (6 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary Also called line frequency and expressed in kHz, it is the number of video lines written on the screen every second (from left to right). The higher the horizontal scanning frequency, the better the resolution (i.e., the higher the resolution and/or the higher the refresh rate). RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE I INF File INF file (Information File) Information (INF) files store information in a specific format. The set-up functions retrieve information from the INF file to use when performing installation operations. Examples of the type of information stored in an INF file include INI and registry changes, file names, and locations of the source files on source media. Interlaced/non-interlaced Interlaced. The method of writing a picture on the screen by initially writing all even lines and subsequently writing all odd lines of the picture. Result: The complete picture is composed of two interlaced half pictures (or fields). With interlacing, a vertical (or field) frequency of 50 Hz means a picture (or frame) frequency of 25 Hz. Non-interlaced. The method of writing a picture on the screen by successive video lines of the picture so that a full frame is written onto the screen in one vertical sweep of the beams. With a non-interlaced display, a vertical frequency of 50 Hz means a picture (or frame) frequency of 50 Hz. At any given resolution, non-interlaced modes are preferable to interlaced modes; however, generation of non-interlaced modes is more expensive. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (7 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary L Linearity The degree to measure the actual location of a pixel on the screen corresponds with its intended location. ( see figure ) Line frequency See Horizontal scanning frequency. Low-emission monitor A monitor that complies with international standards on radiation. See Electromagnetic radiation standards. Low-frequency electric and magnetic fields Alternating fields generated by the deflection yoke. These are subject to increasing attention, notably by governing authorities, the trade and the press. Although there is no scientific evidence that monitor emissions are harmful, much effort has gone into reducing emissions on the principle of better safe than sorry. Currently, there are two areas of interest: very-low frequency (VLF) electric and magnetic fields extending from 2 kHz to 400 kHz, and extreme low frequency (ELF) fields extending from 5 Hz to 2 kHz. See also Electromagnetic radiation standards. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (8 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary M Moiré effect A fringe pattern arising from the interference between two superimposed line patterns. In a monitor it comes from the interference between the shadow mask pattern and the video information (video moiré), and between the shadow mask pattern and the horizontal line pattern (scan moiré). It shows itself as wavy patterns on the screen and becomes more noticeable as monitor resolution increases. Since the video signal varies continuously, little can be done about video moiré. Scan moiré depends on the horizontal scanning frequency and can be alleviated by appropriate choice of frequency. Autoscan (MultiSync) monitors, which operate over a range of scanning frequencies, may sometimes exhibit moiré in certain video modes. MPR See Electromagnetic radiation standards. MultiSync monitor See Autoscan monitor. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE N Non-interlaced See Interlaced/non-interlaced. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE O OSD (On Screen Display) The feature that allows an end user to adjust screen performance and parameters of monitors directly through an on-screen instruction window. See CustoMax in CrystalClear section. Overscan The practice in which areas without useful video information are scanned outside the visible screen area in order to make maximum use of the screen for display of active video information. This practice is occasionally necessary because some video cards generate a video pattern that is smaller than the visible file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (9 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary screen area, resulting in an image that is smaller (and less legible) than it needs to be. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE P Parallelogram Distortion See Geometric distortion. Phosphor Generic name for the class of substances that exhibit luminescence. To produce a picture on screen, phosphors are deposited on the inner surface of the picture-tube screen and excited into luminescence by the electron beam. Typical examples of phosphors are P22 medium short-persistence phosphor and EBU high-color-saturation phosphor. Pin-cushion Distortion See Geometric distortion. Pixel Abbreviation for picture element, the smallest element of the picture that can be displayed on the screen. The smaller the pixel size, the better the resolution of the monitor. Pixel size is determined by the size of the electron spot on the screen and not necessarily by the phosphor dot pitch (the size of the triad). Thus, a monitor with a large electron spot covering several triads can exhibit poor resolution even though its dot pitch is small. Pixel frequency The number of pixels that can be written in a video line per second. Pixel rate See pixel frequency Plug-and-Play See DDC. See USB section. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (10 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary R Raster The area on screen that electron beam can reach. Refresh rate See Vertical scanning frequency. Resolution The number of pixels that can be displayed on the screen. The resolution is specified as the number of pixels in a line multiplied by the number of horizontal lines. See also video graphic adapter. Rotation function The feature that allows users to adjust the whole screen rotating to be horizontal. Because of the magnetic field of earth, the screen of monitor will be tilt when the screen faces toward the different direction. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE S Screen coatings file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (11 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary Anti-Static coatings Due to bombardment by beam electrons, monitor screens become electrically charged when in use. Electrically charged screens surfaces can attract dust particles. An Anti-Static coating is a conductive coating deposited on the screen (or on a glass panel immediately in front of the screen) that conducts away the charge and prevents screen dust build-up. AGAS (Anti-Glare, Anti-Static) coating AGAS is a silica coating applied to the surface of the screen by a spinning and spraying process. It operates by diffusing reflected light to blur images of light sources on the screen. To provide anti-static properties, the coating is impregnated with small conductive particles. ARAS (Anti-Reflection, Anti-Static) coating ARAS is one of the most effective anti-reflection/anti-static screen treatments currently available. It is composed of a multi-layer structure of transparent dielectric material that suppresses specular reflections by broadband interference effects at the screen surface. Anti-static properties are provided by a single conductive layer within the multi-layer structure. With ARAS, the intensity of reflected light is reduced from around 4.5% of the incident light (the reflectivity of uncoated screens) to less than 0.5%. ARAS also has a major advantage over other screen treatments: It doesn't diffuse or scatter reflected light, so picture contrast and sharpness remain completely unimpaired. It's also easy to clean and tough enough to withstand commercially available cleaning agents. file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (12 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary The ARAS coating reflects only about 0.5% of the incident light. AGRAS (Anti-Glare anti-Reflection Anti-Static) coating. A combined anti-reflection, anti-glare, anti-static coating. Self-test function A monitor equipped with hardware or software to automatically detect cable connection status. Shape Deviation of a reproduced picture from its intended shape. The following types of distortion are most common: file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (13 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary SOG (Synchronization On Green) A properly functioning color monitor requires five kinds of signals: horizontal sync pulse, vertical sync pulse, red color signal, green color signal and blue color signal. Signals from a PC are transmitted to a monitor using one of three methods: 1. Separate sync: Horizontal and Vertical sync signals transmitted separately 2. Composite sync: Horizontal and vertical sync pulses mixed into a single signal train. 3. SOG: Horizontal and vertical sync pulses mixed, then combined with the green color signal. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE T TCO See Electromagnetic radiation standards. Tilt function file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (14 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary See rotation function. Trapezoid distortion See Geometrical distortion. TTL signal A TTL (Transistor-transistor-logic) signal is a digital signal level for controlling the screen colors. With TTL driving, the red, green and blue signals can only be switched on or off or provided with an intensity signal. A TTL-driven monitor can thus display a maximum of 64 colors. Video standards such as MDA, CGA and EGA are based on TTL level. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE U USB or Universal Serial Bus A smart plug for PC peripherals. USB automatically determines resources (like driver software and bus bandwidth) required by peripherals. USB makes necessary resources available without user intervention. q USB eliminates "case angst" -- the fear of removing the computer case to install add-on peripherals. And USB also eliminates adjustment of complicated IRQ settings when installing new peripherals. q USB does away with "port gridlock." Without USB, PCs are normally limited to one printer, two Com port devices (usually a mouse and modem), one Enhanced Parallel Port add-on (scanner or video camera, for example) and a joystick. More and more peripherals for multimedia computers arrive on the market every day. With USB, up to 127 devices can run simultaneously on a computer. USB permits "hot plug-in." There's no need to shut down, plug in, reboot and run set-up to install peripherals. And no need to go through the reverse process to unplug a device. q In short, USB transforms today's "Plug-and-Pray" into true Plug-and-Play! Hub A Universal Serial Bus device that provides additional connections to the Universal Serial Bus. Hubs are a key element in the plug-and-play architecture of USB. The Figure shows a typical hub. Hubs serve to simplify USB connectivity from the user's perspective and provide robustness at low cost and complexity. Hubs are wiring concentrators and enable the multiple attachment characteristics of USB. Attachment points are referred to as ports. Each hub converts a single attachment point into multiple attachment points. The architecture supports concatenation of multiple hubs. The upstream port of a hub connects the hub towards the host. Each of the other downstream ports of a hub allows connection to another hub or function. Hubs can detect, attach and detach at each downstream port and enable the distribution of power to downstream devices. Each downstream port can be individually enabled and configured at either full or low speed. The hub isolates low speed ports from full speed file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (15 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary signaling. A hub consists of two portions: the Hub Controller and Hub Repeater. The repeater is a protocol-controlled switch between the upstream port and downstream ports. It also has hardware support for reset and suspend/resume signaling. The controller provides the interface registers to allow communication to/from the host. Hub specific status and control commands permit the host to configure a hub and to monitor and control its ports. Device A logical or physical entity that performs a function. The actual entity described depends on the context of the reference. At the lowest level, device may refer to a single hardware component, as in a memory device. At a higher level, it may refer to a collection of hardware components that perform a particular function, such as a Universal Serial Bus interface device. At an even higher level, device may refer to the function performed by an entity attached to the Universal Serial Bus; for example, a data/FAX modem device. Devices may be physical, electrical, addressable, and logical. Downstream The direction of data flow from the host or away from the host. A downstream port is the port on a hub electrically farthest from the host that generates downstream data traffic from the hub. Downstream ports receive upstream data traffic. Upstream The direction of data flow towards the host. An upstream port is the port on a device electrically closest to the host that generates upstream data traffic from the hub. Upstream ports receive downstream data traffic. UPS (Universal Power Supply) The monitor with UPS feature can work in different countries with various mains voltage. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE file:///D|/EDFU/crt_17/edoc/english/GLOSSARY/GLOSSARY.HTM (16 of 18) [2003/11/3 ?? 01:12:15] Glossary V Vertical dot pitch See Dot pitch. Vertical scanning frequency Expressed in Hz, this is the number of fields written to the screen every second in interlaced mode. In non-interlaced mode vertical scanning frequency is the number of frames (complete pictures) written to the screen every second (also known as refresh rate). Vertical sync pulses A train of square shaped waveforms that define the start of a new frame. VESA Video Electronic Standards Association, a consortium of manufacturers formed to establish and maintain industry-wide standards for video cards and monitors. VESA was instrumental in the introduction of the Super VGA and Extended VGA video graphics standards (see Video graphics adapters) with a refresh rate of 70 Hz, minimizing flicker and helping to reduce operator eyes fatigue and stress. Video dot rate See Dot rate.