User manual RAYMARINE APELCO 465 FISHFINDER

Distributed by Any reference to Raytheon or RTN in this manual should be interpreted as Raymarine. The names Raytheon and RTN are owned by the Raytheon Company. Echo Sounding How it Works x Your eyes underwater An "echo sounder" or "sonar" unit sends high-frequency sound waves down into the water below a boat. These sounds hit the bottom of the lake or sea and bounce back. The display unit measures the time delay as the signal goes out and returns. The FishFinder uses this information to display a graphic image of the bottom conditions. The system also uses this same principle to detect fish or other objects in the water, and display their size and location. This display is like a "window" which allows you to look into the underwater world. x About the transducer The transducer transmits the sound waves down into the water. It also receives the waves as they return. One type of transducer can be mounted on the transom of the boat, as shown here. Other types of transducers can be installed through a hole in the hull, or mounted inside the hull. x The Sidelooker transducer The optional Sidelooker is a special type of transducer which allows the FishFinder to detect fish beside the boat. The Sidelooker produces two powerful horizontal beams which extend to either side, just below the surface of the water. The Sidelooker transducer uses a special plastic material called "PVDF," which was developed by Raytheon Naval Systems. This allows the Sidelooker to give you the clearest possible picture of conditions underwater. FishFinder 465 Features and functions "Out of the box" operation Because of a number of automatic features, the FishFinder 465 unit is ready to operate "right out of the box." This unit includes automatic settings for the most important controls ­ range, sensitivity, and zoom. Because these settings are automatic, the FishFinder will provide useful displays right from the start. Once you become more comfortable with the operation of the unit, you can adjust these settings. PWR FISHFINDER SETUP CLEAR ZOOM A-SCP BOT LOCK 465 Excellent ability to find fish To a sonar unit like the FishFinder, the water includes a lot of background "noise." There are many conditions which could confuse a sonar unit ­ bubbles and wakes in the water, temperature differences between water layers, and so on. It can be difficult for a sonar unit to detect fish against this background of noise. Because of its advanced circuitry, the 465 is especially good at telling the difference. Fish symbols and alarms The unit provides fast, positive identification of fish in the water. It even indicates the size of a fish using eight different fish symbols. The 465 includes alarms for shallow warning, deep warning and fish warning. Clear LCD display The FishFinder display produces continuous pictures of bottom conditions and fish in the water. The display unit may be turned or tilted to the best viewing angle. The FishFinder unit can be easily removed from the boat for storage in a safe place. Dual frequency operation "Frequency" is a measure of how fast the sound waves change or "vibrate." The FishFinder uses sound waves with two different frequencies ­ 50 kHz and 200 kHz. The 50 kHz frequency scans a wide area, and penetrates the water well. This frequency is best for use in deep water. The 200 kHz frequency scans a narrower area but produces a more detailed view. This frequency is best for seeing fish near the bottom, or fish which are close together. The FishFinder can also use both frequencies at the same time. This provides good depth penetration and good detail in the display. Totally waterproof The FishFinder 465 meets U.S. Coast Guard specifications for waterproofing, so it can stand up to the hard service required on small boats. The rugged construction and sophisticated sealing methods used in this unit will ensure many years of reliable service. Before you begin This manual contains very important information on the installation and operation of your FishFinder 465. For best results as you use this unit, please take the time to read this manual thoroughly. IMPORTANT NOTICE THIS DEVICE IS ONLY AN AID TO NAVIGATION. ITS ACCURACY CAN BE AFFECTED BY MANY FACTORS, INCLUDING EQUIPMENT FAILURE, DEFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND IMPROPER HANDLING OR USE. IT IS THE USER'S RESPONSIBILITY TO EXERCISE COMMON PRUDENCE AND NAVIGATIONAL JUDGMENT. THIS DEVICE SHOULD NOT BE RELIED UPON AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR SUCH PRUDENCE AND JUDGMENT. Warranty card Before you go any further, please take a few minutes to fill out the warranty card. It is very important that you return the warranty card soon after your purchase. This will ensure that you receive the full benefits offered by the warranty. Service information In the unlikely event that your unit is ever in need of service, please refer to the section on "Maintenance and Troubleshooting" at the back of this manual. See the information on "How to Contact Apelco." Special terms In this manual, we will use some special terms which have to do with boats and boating. These are explained in a Glossary at the end of the manual. If you do not recognize a word which appears in this manual, check the Glossary. ii FishFinder 465 Instruction Manual Contents Echo sounding ­ How it works (inside front cover) FishFinder 465 ­ Features and functions i For information and service ii 1 2 Introduction 1 About the FishFinder 465 1 System Components 2 Standard Equipment 2 Standard Transducers 2 Optional Accessories 2 Installation 4 About the Transducer 4 Selecting the Correct Type of Transducer 5 Assembling the Transducer Bracket 6 Positioning the Transom-Mount Transducer 6 Mounting the Transom-Mount Transducer 9 Mounting the Optional Sidelooker Transducer 10 Installation Notes ­ Thru-Hull Transducer 10 Installation Notes ­ In-Hull Transducer 12 Installation Notes ­ Trolling Motor Transducer 12 Installation Notes ­ Transducer for Speed and Temperature Only 13 EMC Installation Guidelines 13 Mounting the Display Unit ­ Standard Mount 15 Mounting the Display Unit ­ Flush Mount 17 Installing the Transducer Cable 18 Installing the Transducer Cable ­ Sidelooker Option 20 Installing the Transducer Cable ­ Separate Speed and Temperature Sensors 20 Making the DC Power Connections 21 Calibrating the Sensors 23 3 Operating Instructions 25 Controls on Display Unit 25 Turning the Power On and Off 27 Setup Memory 27 Lamp/Contrast Display 28 iv Operating Pages 29 FishFinder Page 31 Choosing a Frequency 36 Fish Indications 37 Bottom Indications 38 Window Page 40 Sidelooker Page 42 Digital Page 46 Performance Modes 49 Zoom Mode 49 A-Scope (Bottom Coverage) Mode 51 Bottom Lock Mode 53 4 Setup Instructions 55 The Setup Menu 55 Range Setting 56 Sensitivity Setting 57 Chart Speed Setting 59 Frequency Setting 60 Resetting the Log 62 System Setup Menu 63 Simulator 64 Language 64 Fish Symbol 64 White Line 64 VRM 65 Sidelooker 65 Speed Cal 65 Temp Cal 66 Depth Digits 66 Shallow Alarm 66 Deep Alarm 67 Fish Alarm 67 Buzzer 68 Depth Units 69 Speed Units 69 Temp Units 69 Speed 69 Log 69 Temp 69 Setup Menus for Zoom Mode 70 Zoom Select Menu 70 Zoom Screen Split/Full Menu Item 71 Setup Menus for Bottom Lock Mode 72 Bottom Lock Range Menu Item 72 Bottom Lock Split/Full Menu Item 73 Setup Menu for Window and Digital Pages 74 Resetting from the Digital Page 75 Setup Instructions for Sidelooker 75 Sidelooker Range Menu Item 76 v Sidelooker Sensitivity Menu Item 77 Sidelooker Chart Speed Menu Item 77 Sidelooker View Menu item 78 Combining Displays 79 Resetting the Unit to Factory Defaults 80 Default Settings 81 5 6 Maintenance and Troubleshooting 82 Cleaning Instructions 82 Troubleshooting Suggestions 82 Servicing a Thru-Hull Transducer 86 How to Contact Apelco 86 Specifications 89 General Information 89 FishFinder Functions 90 Connector Diagrams 91 Glossary of Terms 92 vi List of Figures Figure 1-1 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-15 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 Page Unit in Use Inside front cover Front Panel i Typical Installation 1 Transducer Types 5 Assembling the Transducer Bracket 6 Transducer Mounted on Transom 7 Transducer Bracket, Side View 7 Correct Mounting Position 8 Mounting the Transducer 8 Installing the Sidelooker Transducer 10 Suppression Ferrites 14 Installation on Bracket 15 Dimensions 16 Flush-Mount Installation 17 Disassembling from Bracket 18 Installing Cable on Transom 19 Cable for Sidelooker Transducer 20 Cable for Speed and Temperature Sensor 21 DC Power Connections 22 Display Panel 25 Lamp/Contrast Menu 28 Operating Pages 30 FishFinder Mode Page 31 Fish Indications 37 Bottom Conditions 39 Window Page 40 Options for Window Page 41 Sidelooker Feature 42 Sidelooker Page 43 Digital Page 46 Performance Modes 48 Zoom Mode 49 A-Scope Mode 51 Bottom Lock Mode 53 Setup Menu Items 55 Range Menu Item 56 Sensitivity Menu Item 57 Changing the Chart Speed Setting 59 Chart Speed Menu Item 60 Frequency Menu Item 60 Log Reset Menu Item 62 vii 4-8 4-9 4-10 4-11 4-12 4-13 4-14 4-15 4-16 4-17 4-18 4-19 4-20 5-1 6-1 Reaching the System Setup Menu System Setup Menu Zoom Select Menu Item Zoom Screen Split/Full Menu Item Bottom Lock Range Menu Item Bottom Lock Split/Full Menu Item Digital Setup Menu Item Sidelooker Range Menu item Sidelooker Sensitivity Menu Item Sidelooker Chart Speed Menu Item Sidelooker View Menu Item Split FishFinder Page with A-Scope Mode Window Page with Option G Selected and Zoom Enabled Sample Mailing Label Connector Diagrams 63 63 70 71 72 73 74 76 77 77 78 79 80 88 91 viii 1 ­ Introduction About the FishFinder 465 The FishFinder 465 is a system that uses sound waves ("sonar") to detect fish and show the bottom of a lake or sea. The system includes a transducer and a display unit, connected by a cable. The transducer sends high-frequency sound waves down into the water. These sounds strike fish, the bottom, or other objects in the water, and return as echoes. The FishFinder then interprets these echoes and presents a display. The FishFinder 465 can handle many different jobs: · detect the presence of fish below the boat · trigger an alarm when fish are found · measure the depth of the water · set alarms for minimum and maximum depth · show the shape of the bottom · determine whether the seabed is hard or soft · measure the speed of the boat and the distance traveled · show the water temperature We are sure you will find the FishFinder 465 to be one of the most useful devices on your boat. PWR FISHFINDER FishFinder 465 Display Unit SETUP CLEAR ZOOM A-SCP BOT LOCK 465 Optional Thru Hull Transducer Transducer mounted in quick release transom bracket Fig. 1-1 Typical Installation Introduction 1 System Components The FishFinder 465 consists of a compact display unit connected to a transducer. The transducer is attached to the boat and extends into the water. Standard Equipment When you unpack your FishFinder 465, you should find the following standard equipment in the carton. If any items are missing, please notify your Apelco dealer immediately, or contact the Customer Service Department at Apelco at 1-800-539-5539, ext. 2120. Please provide the serial number of the FishFinder when reporting any missing items. Description FishFinder 465 display unit Quick-release swivel-mount bracket (with mounting hardware) DC power cable Instruction manual Four #10 x 3/4" ss mounting screws Part No. M78954 G623996-1 M99-146 81146-1 -- Standard Transducers Depending on which model of the 465 you have purchased, the box will include one of the transducers listed below: Description Transom-mount transducer (with speed and temperature sensors, including mounting bracket and hardware) Bronze thru-hull transducer (with speed and temperature sensors) Part No. M78898 M78923 Optional Accessories Optional accessories and parts can be purchased directly from Apelco Marine. For prices and ordering information, please call the Parts Department at (800) 539-5539 ext. 2120. 2 Introduction Description Sidelooker transom-mount transducer Sidelooker transducer for trolling motor (all-in-one unit senses depth below boat, with Sidelooker and temperature sensor, including mounting hardware) Extension for transducer cable (15 ft., 5 m) Extension for transducer cable, for Sidelooker transducer (15 ft., 5 m) Flush-mounting kit (with hardware and mounting template) Fairing block for M78923 thru-hull transducer (Lexan®) Low profile plastic thru-hull transducer (Valox® plastic, sensor for depth only) Bronze thru-hull transducer (sensor for depth only) In-hull/trolling motor transducer (for installation in fiberglass hull only, or mounting on trolling motor, including hardware for either installation) Angled in-hull transducer (for installation in fiberglass hull only, where deadrise angle is 10° to 22°) Part No. M78930 M78929 M99-140 M99-139 M99-138 M99-142 M78922 M78921 M78928 M78946 Plastic thru-hull transducer (Valox® plastic, with speed and temperature sensors, used with depthonly transducers M78922, M78928, M78946) M78937 Transom-mount speed and temperature sensor (used with depth-only transducers M78922, M78928, M78946) Replacement transom transducer mounting bracket kit Transducer switch box (select between two 465 FishFinder displays, using one transducer) Replacement paddle wheel kit (for transommount transducer) Replacement paddle wheel kit (for thru-hull transducer) Replacement paddle wheel kit (for bronze thru-hull transducer) M78936 M99-148 M99-136 M99-143 D234 D144 Introduction 3 2 ­ Installation The installation process has four parts: · · · · Mounting the transducer Mounting the display unit Connecting the cables for the transducer and power supply Calibrating the display unit About the Transducer Several different kinds of transducers can be used with this unit. The transom-mount type is used most often. Other types are shown in Fig. 21. Most transducer types can measure the water depth. Some of the transducers also have two other sensors: a paddle wheel which detects the speed of the boat, and a sensor for the water temperature. The display unit uses the speed information to calculate the distance the boat has traveled. The transducer is very important to the operation of the FishFinder. It is also important that you mount the transducer correctly. The transducer will give the most reliable readings if it looks into water which is smooth and undisturbed. If you place the transducer so bubbles or turbulence flow across the face of the unit, the system may give inaccurate readings. There are three important rules for placing any type of transducer: · The transducer should be continuously covered by water when the boat is moving. (If the transducer is mounted near the side of the boat, it may be exposed when the boat is turning.) The transducer should be placed where turbulence or bubbles will not pass directly over the face of the unit. Don't place the transducer behind any running strakes, intakes, or thru-hull fittings which create turbulence. The transducer should be mounted where it will not be affected by the wash from the propeller(s). · · 4 Installation Transom-mount transducer Thru-hull transducer Fairing for thru-hull transducer Fig. 2-1 In-hull transducer Sidelooker transducer Transducer Types Selecting the Correct Type of Transducer Before you begin the installation, double-check to be sure you have the correct type of transducer. Each kind of transducer is designed for a particular type of use. In this manual we will include detailed mounting instructions for the transom-mount transducer. We will also include some general information on the other types. For detailed information on these other transducers, see the instructions which are packaged with the unit. Use a transom-mount transducer if ­ your boat has an outboard or inboard-outboard engine(s) only. This type of transducer must be mounted ahead of or beside the propeller(s). Don't use this type of transducer on a boat with a straight-shaft inboard engine. Use a thru-hull transducer if ­ your boat has a straight-shaft inboard engine. This type of transducer is installed in a hole drilled through the hull. Use an in-hull transducer if ­ you have a high-speed boat or if, for some reason, you cannot use a transom-mount or thru-hull transducer. The hull may be no more than 1" thick. Installation 5 Use a trolling motor transducer if ­ you want to attach the transducer to a trolling motor. Use a Sidelooker transducer if ­ you need a way of searching for fish on either side of the boat. This type of transducer is attached to the bracket of the transom-mount transducer. Assembling the Transducer Bracket Fit together the two parts of the transducer bracket as shown in Fig. 2-2. When the installation is complete, the parts snap together as shown. LIKE THIS! Attach the two parts NOT THIS! Bracket is installed upside down Lower the transducer and snap in the release clip Fig. 2-2 Assembling the Transducer Bracket Positioning the Transom-Mount Transducer Begin by finding the best location for the mounting bracket. Here are the rules: · If your boat has one propeller (outboard or inboard-outboard), mount the transducer about 18" (455 mm) to the side of the centerline of the boat. See Fig. 2-3. Choose the side that is on the downstroke of the propeller. (This is usually the starboard side of the boat.) This will reduce any interference caused by air bubbles. If your boat has twin propellers (outboard or inboard-outboard), place the transducer near the centerline of the boat. If the propeller can be turned to steer the boat, allow at least 2" (50 mm) beyond the swing radius of the propeller. This will prevent the 6 · · Installation Fig. 2-3 Transducer Mounted on Transom Allow a clearance of at least 10 inches (254 mm) 10" (254 mm) Transducer in released position Fig. 2-4 Transducer Bracket, Side View · · propeller from damaging the transducer when it is turned. Do not mount the transducer behind any hull fittings, intakes, or other parts which extend from the hull. These may cause turbulence or air bubbles. The bracket has a quick-release mechanism. This prevents damage by allowing the transducer to flip up if it hits any debris or the bottom. See Fig. 2-4. Allow enough clearance above the transducer so that it can swing upward completely. This is about 10" (254 mm) measured from the bottom of the transom. 7 Installation Average transom angle­ no wedge necessary Vertical transom ­ place wedge this way Sloping transom­ place wedge this way 2° to 5° 2° to 5° 2° to 5° For fiberglass hull ­ 1/8" to 1/4" (3.2 to 6 mm) For aluminum hull ­ 1/4" to 3/8" (6 to 9 mm) No! No! No! The bow of the transducer is above the bottom of the transom, creating cavitation. Rivets on the hull are creating bubbles. Lower the transducer a bit. The rear of the transducer is too high, creating cavitation. Fig. 2-5 Correct Mounting Position Insert screws 1 and 3 1/4" from the bottom of slots, and screw 2 1/4" from the top of the slot to allow room for adjustment. 1 2 3 Correct alignment If screws are inserted this way, it won't be possible to make the height adjustment. Incorrect alignment Fig. 2-6 Mounting the Transducer 8 Installation · If the boat will be carried on a trailer, be sure the transducer will not hit any rollers, bunks or fittings on the trailer. Mounting the Transom-Mount Transducer 1. On a boat with a fiberglass hull, the leading edge of the transducer should extend 1/8" (3.2 mm) to 1/4" (6 mm) below the bottom edge of the hull. See Fig. 2-5. On an aluminum hull, the transducer should extend a bit more ­ 1/4" (6 mm) to 3/8" (9 mm). If the boat will be operated at high speeds, the transducer may be mounted closer to the centerline of the hull. The lower surface of the transducer should tilt down toward the rear at a slight angle (2° to 5°). The mounting bracket includes a wedge. Depending on the angle of the transom on your boat, you may need this wedge to get the correct angle for the bottom of the transducer. Looking at the rear of the boat, be sure the bracket is vertical (perpendicular to the water line). Hold the bracket (and the wedge, if used) against the transom and trace the positions of the screw slots. Remove the bracket. See Fig. 2-6. The screws in the outer slots should be placed about 1/4" (6 mm) up from the bottom of each slot. The screw in the center slot should be placed 1/4" (6 mm) down from the top. (This will allow you to adjust the bracket up or down a bit.) Drill pilot holes 3/4" (19.1 mm) deep. Use a 9/64" (3.6 mm) drill bit. To prevent drilling too deeply, wrap masking tape around the drill bit about 7/8" (22 mm) from the tip. Drill in only as far as the tape marker. If you are attaching the bracket to a fiberglass hull, you can minimize any surface cracking of the gel coat. Before drilling each pilot hole, drill a shallow hole (chamfer) at each location about 1/16" (1.5 mm) deep. Use a 1/4" (6 mm) drill bit. Attach the bracket to the hull using the panhead screws with flat washers. Before you tighten the screws, apply a good-quality marine sealant to the pilot holes. This will protect the hull from water penetration. Do not tighten the screws completely yet. Move the bracket up or down so that the leading edge of the transducer has the clearance shown in Fig. 2-5. Once the bracket is in the correct position, you can tighten the screws. 9 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Installation Mounting the Optional Sidelooker Transducer 1. The Sidelooker transducer allows the display unit to check the water to either side of the boat. This is helpful when you are looking for fish near river banks, or under docks or piers. The Sidelooker transducer is attached to the same mounting bracket used with the transom-mount transducer. See Fig. 2-7. Begin by installing the transom-mount bracket as described earlier. 2. Fig. 2-7 Installing the Sidelooker Transducer 3. 4. Attach the Sidelooker transducer to the top of the transom mounting bracket. Use the four panhead screws supplied. The fit should be snug, but do not overtighten the screws. If you are installing the optional Sidelooker transducer, there will be two transducer cables. Run the second cable beside the cable for the transom-mount transducer. Installation Notes ­ Thru-Hull Transducer Detailed instructions for this installation will be included with the transducer. In this section, we will note just a few important points. 1. Earlier we listed three general rules for placing transducers. All of these rules apply when you are mounting a thru-hull transducer. Here are some other rules for selecting the best mounting location: 10 Installation 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. For planing hulls ­ Install in the flat planing area near the stern. Always install forward of the propeller(s) and shaft(s). For small displacement hulls ­ Install near the centerline of the hull and 1/3 of the way forward from the stern. Always install forward of the propeller(s) and shaft(s). For large displacement hulls ­ Install near the centerline of the hull and 1/3 of the way aft from the bow. Always install forward of the propeller(s) and shaft(s). For sailboats ­ Install forward of the leading edge of the keel, to one side and near the centerline of the hull. Choose a location where you can easily reach the transducer from inside the boat. This will allow you to service the unit. Allow at least 6" (152 mm) of headroom above the transducer. When choosing a mounting location, drill a small pilot hole (1/8" or 3.2 mm) from the inside of the hull. Before you drill the hole, be sure you will be able to reach the large nut on the top of the unit, and that there will be enough clearance for the cable. If there is a strake or other feature on the hull, drill from the outside of the hull instead. (This small hole can be filled easily if the mounting location is not suitable.) The position of the transducer is especially critical on high speed boats (capable of more than 20 knots). Check the locations of the transducers on similar boats before installing the transducer in your own boat. Choose the location which will offer the best performance. If the bottom of the hull at the mounting location is flat, you can mount the transducer directly through the hull. If the hull rises at an angle (the "deadrise angle") of more than 10°, you must include a mounting block or "fairing." The transducer must be mounted in a vertical position. Attach the fairing block to the hull as firmly as possible. This fairing block must be able to resist the drag of the water against the hull, and must also be completely waterproof. If the hull of the boat has a core-type hull, you will need to follow special mounting procedures. The core material must be protected from any water which may leak from the inside of the boat. (If the core material is remains wet, it may rot and weaken the hull.) When working with the transducer, support it by holding the body of the unit or the rings. Do not hang the transducer from the cable. Installation 11 8. It is very important to seal the opening around the transducer using a high-quality marine sealant suitable for underwater use. After installation, do not leave your boat in the water for any amount of time without checking for leaks. Installation Notes ­ In-Hull Transducer Detailed instructions for this installation will be included with the transducer. In this section, we will note just a few important points. 1. Choose the best mounting location: For outboard powerboats ­ Install as far aft as possible For inboard/outboard powerboats ­ Install close to the engine(s) For inboard powerboats ­ Install forward of the propeller(s) and shaft(s) For sailboats ­ Install near the centerline of the hull and forward of the leading edge of the keel An in-hull transducer may only be installed in a fiberglass hull which is no more than 1" (25 mm) thick. The in-hull transducer may not be installed in wood or aluminum hulls. Use the standard in-hull transducer if it will be installed in a flat part of the hull, or a section with no more than 10° of deadrise. Use the angled in-hull transducer if the mounting location has up to a 22° of deadrise. Do not try to compensate for the angle of the hull by fairing the epoxy adhesive on the face of the transducer. Use the epoxy supplied with the in-hull transducer, or an equivalent epoxy glue. Do not use any other type of adhesive, including silicone or RTV adhesive. 2. 3. 4. 5. Installation Notes ­ Trolling Motor Transducer Detailed instructions for this installation will be included with the transducer. This type of transducer is attached to the horizontal gear case of the trolling motor. The installation is simple, but is important to keep the transducer away from the wash from the propeller, and from turbulence caused by parts of the hull. 12 Installation Installation Notes ­ Transducer for Speed and Temperature Only This type of transducer may be used with a thru-hull transducer which reads depth only. The speed/temperature transducer is attached to the transom of the boat. Detailed instructions for this installation will be included with the transducer. The cable for this transducer uses a "Y" connector. See the notes on "Installing the Transducer Cable." EMC Installation Guidelines When different types of marine electronic equipment are mounted closely together in a tight space, they may interfere with each other. The design and manufacture of this unit follow industry standards for "Electromagnetic Compatibility" (EMC). However, it is important to install the unit correctly to ensure the best possible performance. Below is a list of some of the factors which could affect the operation of the product. Some of these factors may affect the way you install the FishFinder and the wiring cables. · Place the display unit and the power and signal cables at least 3 ft. (1m) from any equipment transmitting radio signals, or any cables carrying radio signals. This includes VHF radios, cables and antennas. In the case of SSB radios, the distance should be increased to 7 ft. (2m). · Allow a space of at least 7 ft. (2m) from the path of a radar beam. Normally, a radar beam will spread about 20° above and below the radiating element. · The power for the display unit should be supplied from a different battery than the one used to start the engine. If the voltage to the FishFinder unit drops below +10.8 V DC, this could cause the unit to reset. This will not damage the equipment, but it may cause the loss of some information, and it can change the operating mode. Avoid running the FishFinder power wires near the power wiring for any radar, radio, or Loran-C units. If possible, wire the FishFinder power wires to a separate circuit breaker. · If the transducer cable runs near another electrical wire, it may pick up electrical interference or "noise." To reduce this, try to keep the transducer cable separated as far as possible from all other wires. 13 Installation · · This is especially important with wiring for the boat's ignition, alternator, or tachometer. It is also helpful to keep the transducer cable away from the FishFinder power cable. If it is necessary to run the transducer cable across any wires, make the crossing at a right angle. Use only genuine Raytheon cables. During the installation, do not cut the transducer cable or remove the connector. Do not try to shorten or splice the cable. The transducer cable includes several wires, along with shielding and insulation. If the cable is cut, it cannot be repaired. (Cutting the cable will also void the warranty.) During installation, if you need to drill any holes for the cable, they must be large enough to accept the connector. This will allow you to make the installation without cutting the wire. A "suppression ferrite" may be attached to one of the cables. See Fig. 2-8. If you must remove the ferrite during installation, be sure to reassemble it in the same position. Fig. 2-8 Suppression Ferrites 14 Installation PWR SETUP CLEAR ZOOM A-SCP To release the display from the base, press here. BOT LOCK The angle of the display can be changed. The display can be turned from side to side. Fig. 2-9 Installation on Bracket Mounting the Display Unit ­ Standard Mount You may mount the display unit on any flat surface using the bracket supplied. See Fig. 2-9. (There is also an optional kit which allows you to flush-mount the display in a flat panel or dashboard). Follow these instructions if you are using the standard mounting bracket: 1. The "LCD" type display used on this unit is easier to see from certain angles. Before selecting a permanent mounting location, make temporary power connections and turn on the unit. This will allow you to test the visibility of the display from several different angles. Remove the display unit from the bracket by pressing on the large button in the center of the bracket. See Fig. 2-9. Mount the base of the bracket using the supplied screws. Slide the display unit back into the bracket. Adjust the display unit for the best viewing angle. You can turn the display from side to side, and tilt it up or down. 2. 3. 4. 5. Installation 15 Hole 3/16" (5 mm) 2-25/32" (70 mm) 2-27/32" (72 mm) 2-21/32" (67 mm) 1-3/4" (45 mm) 1-15/32" (37 mm) 6-5/8" (169 mm) 8-1/4" (210 mm) 5-13/16" (147 mm) 1-3/4" (44 mm) 4-9/32" (109 mm) 3-29/32"(99 mm) 4-7/32"(107 mm) Fig. 2-10 Dimensions 16 Installation Mounting the Display Unit ­ Flush Mount In order to do this installation, you will need the optional flush mounting kit (part no. M99-138). See Fig. 2-11. 1. Select a mounting location on the dashboard or control panel. Choose a clear, flat area at least 7" x 7" (180 mm x 180 mm). Be sure you will also have at least 6" (152 mm) of clearance behind the area where the display unit will be mounted. It is a good idea to drill a small pilot hole in the center of the mounting area. Be sure there are no hidden electrical wires or other items behind the point where you plan to mount the display unit. A mounting template is supplied with the flush mounting kit. Tape this over the selected location on the panel and trace around the edges. Make the cutout for the display. Drill a series of 1/2" (13 mm) holes at the points shown around the edges of the cutout area. Drill the two small holes for the threaded studs as shown on the mounting template. Use a 7/32" (5.5 mm) drill bit. Remove the template and draw straight lines between the 1/2" holes. Cut along each of the lines with a small saw. Gasket 2. 3. 4. 5. Mounting hole cut according to template Screw holes Fasten with threaded studs and wing nuts Fig. 2-11 Flush-mount Installation Installation 17 6. Separate the display unit from the mounting bracket. (See Fig. 2-12.) Press the large button in the center of the bracket to separate the bracket arms. The display unit is attached to the arms by two screws. Each screw is covered by a cap. Locate the small slot beside each cap and pry upward using a small screwdriver. Remove the caps, then the two screws and the two wave washers. Save these parts in case you ever want to use the mounting bracket. PWR SETUP CLEAR ZOOM A-SCP BOT LOCK 465 To pry up the cap, insert a small screwdriver here. Fig. 2-12 Disassembling from Bracket 7. 8. 9. Screw the threaded studs into the holes on the rear of the display unit. Set the display unit into place to be sure that it will fit correctly. Thread the wing-nuts onto the threaded studs to hold the display unit in place temporarily. Once the DC wiring is complete, finish the installation. Hold the gasket in place around the opening. Fit the display into the cutout again. From the rear, screw the thumbscrews securely onto the threaded studs to hold the unit in place. Installing the Transducer Cable A 20 foot length of cable, with the connector attached, is supplied with the transducer. 18 Installation Cable feed-thru cap Cable clamp 1" (25 mm) Hull projections Fiberglass: 1/4" (6mm) Aluminum: 1/2" (13 mm) Fig. 2-13 Installing Cable on Transom 1. 2. 3. 4. Route the cable up and over the top edge of the transom. See Fig. 2-13. Secure the cable using cable clamps. (These clamps are available from your local marine equipment supplier.) If you do not want to expose the cable on the deck, you may drill a new hole (3/4" or 19 mm) through the transom for the cable. (Remember­this hole must be large enough to accept the cable with the connector attached. Do not cut the cable!) To seal the opening, use a feed-thru cap where the cable passes through the transom. Run the cable through the interior of the boat. If the transducer cable runs near another electrical wire, it may pick up electrical interference or "noise." To reduce this, try to keep the transducer cable separated as far as possible from all other wires. This is especially important with wiring for the boat's ignition, alternator, or tachometer. Also try to keep the transducer cable away from the antenna and power cables for VHF or FM radios. It is also helpful to keep the transducer cable away from the FishFinder power cable. If it is necessary to run the transducer cable across any wires, make the crossing at a right angle. Be careful not to tear the cable jacket when passing it through bulkheads and other parts of your boat. Secure the cables using tywraps or lacing twine. Coil the extra cable and tie it out of the way. If the 20 foot transducer cable is not long enough, a 15 foot extension cable (5M) is available from your Apelco dealer (PN: M99-140). 19 Installation 5. When you attach the extension cable, be sure that the connections are tight and watertight. Use Dow Corning DC-4 or an equivalent sealing compound to protect the connector assemblies. At the rear of the display unit, plug in the transducer cable using the keyed connector. Installing the Transducer Cable ­ Sidelooker Option 1. If the installation includes the optional Sidelooker transducer, there will be two transducer cables. See Fig. 2-14. The cable from the Sidelooker includes a "Y" connector. Plug the cable from the depth transducer into the open end of the "Y" connector. 2. Sidelooker transducer Depth transducer Fig. 2-14 Cable for Sidelooker Transducer Installing the Transducer Cable ­ Installation with Separate Speed and Temperature Sensors 1. Optional depth-only and speed- and temperature-only transducers are available for the FishFinder 465. In this optional configuration the separate transducers are connected via a "Y" type receptacle cable located on the optional speed- and temperature-only transducer cable. 20 Installation 2. Plug the cable from the depth-only transducer into the receptacle connector on the optional speed- and temperature-only transducer. The speed- and temperature-only transducer then connects at the transducer receptacle of the FishFinder 465. This is shown below in Fig. 2-15. Sensor for speed and temperature Sensor for depth only Fig. 2-15 Cable for Speed and Temperature Sensor Making the DC Power Connections 1. The display unit is designed for use on boats with 12V DC power systems. (The unit can operate as long as the actual voltage is between 10.8 and 16V DC.) The display unit can be wired to a negative-ground system, or both the negative and positive supply lines may be "floating" above ground. This unit is not intended for use on boats with positive ground. The 6-foot power cable supplied with the display unit should reach the source of DC power. On a small boat, connect the power leads directly to the main battery isolation switch or breaker. On a larger boat, route the power leads to the DC power distribution panel. It is very important that you connect the power leads correctly. See Fig. 2-16. At the power source, connect the red wire to the positive 21 2. 3. Installation DC 12V connector to battery T/D connector to transducer RED BLACK DC 12V RF ground Fig. 2-16 DC Power Connections 4. 5. 6. 7. terminal (+), and the black wire to the negative terminal (-). The negative terminal may also be called "ground" or "earth." (The display unit is internally protected if you accidentally reverse the polarity of the power wires.) Attach the red or positive wire to a 5 amp circuit breaker. If the unit is connected directly to the boat's battery, include a 2 amp in-line fuse. (In-line fuses are available at most marine supply stores.) The power cable includes a smaller "shield" wire. Connect this to a good ground. If you need to extend the power wiring by more than 10 feet, use a larger wire size. This will allow the wires to deliver the correct voltage in spite of the longer wire distance. For runs of 20 to 35 feet, use #14 AWG. If you extend the power wiring, be sure all electrical connections are solid and durable. Soldering is the best way to make these connections. Insulate all connections using heat-shrink tubing or electrical tape. You may also use crimp connectors or a terminal strip, but be sure to use good-quality marine-grade parts. At the rear of the display unit, plug in the power cable using the keyed connector. 22 Installation Note ­ Press firmly when inserting the power cable and transducer cable to ensure a tight seal. 8. When you press the PWR button, the display unit should turn on. If the unit will not turn on and you suspect that you may have reversed the power connections, check the DC power lines all the way back to the battery. If the polarity is not correct, reconnect the leads properly and try again. Calibrating the Sensors The transducer most often used with this unit includes sensors for boat speed and water temperature. These sensors are normally very accurate, but you may want to calibrate them. The speed indication on your FishFinder is usually very accurate. However, there are some special cases where the speed reading may be high or low. This means that the speed of the water past the transducer may not be the same speed that your boat moves through the water. The hull of the boat may have a shape which channels water past the transducer at a speed which is faster or slower than normal. 1. To calibrate the speed sensor, set up a course between two known points. As markers you can use buoys, range markers, or landmarks. Measure the time the boat takes to cover a known distance. You may also use locations indicated by a G.P.S. or Loran unit. (If you choose this method, remember that these devices measure "speed over ground" or "speed over the bottom." Tides, currents, or winds can create a difference between the FishFinder's "speed through water" measurement and the boat's "speed over ground." Before calibrating using a G.P.S. or Loran unit, wait for still water or slack tide conditions. If the display unit is reading high or low, you can correct for this using the entry for "Speed Cal." (To reach Speed Cal, go to the System Setup Menu. This is described in Section 4.) The entry for Speed Cal is a percentage. An entry of "100" equals 100%, meaning that there is no correction. If the display unit is producing a low reading, use a higher value for Speed Cal. If the display unit is reading high, 23 2. 3. Installation 4. use a smaller number for Speed Cal. You may enter any value between 75 and 125. The temperature sensor is usually very accurate, but you can adjust the calibration using the entry for "Temp Cal." Final note: After you finish the installation, please remember to fill out the Warranty Card included with this manual. 24 Installation 3 ­ Operating Instructions In this section of the manual, we will explain how to operate the unit. (Setup instructions are included in the next section.) Below is a drawing of the display unit. Display area FISHFINDER PWR Power button Page control pad Setup button SETUP CLEAR ZOOM A-SCP BOT LOCK Clear button Zoom button A-Scope button Bottom Lock button 465 Fig. 3-1 Display Panel Controls on Display Panel The FishFinder is designed to be easy to use while the boat is moving. You can steady your hand by gripping the right side of the display with the fingers of your right hand. This will allow you to use your right thumb to press the buttons on the display. Notice that some of the buttons can be used in two ways. They do one job during a normal display, and a different job when you are setting up the unit. In this section, we will use symbols like this ­ PWR and SETUP ­ to indicate the buttons on the front of the unit. PWR This button turns the power on and off. To turn on the power ­ Press once to turn the power on. To enter the Lamp/Contrast Menu ­ To bring up the Lamp/Contrast Menu in any operating mode, press the PWR key for a moment, then release it. To turn off the power ­ If you press and hold the button, the display will say "Powering Off." If you hold the button for more than 3 seconds, the display unit will switch off. Operating Instructions 25 Page Control Pad Up and down arrows ­ ( and ) During setup ­ Use these controls to call up a choice or move to the next line on a menu. If the Zoom display is turned on ­ If the manual zoom feature is turned on, these will move the zoom display up or down. Left and right arrows ­ (< and >) During normal display ­ Use these buttons to go to the next display. During setup ­ Use these arrows to make a choice within a line on the menu. SETUP To enter the Setup Menu ­ Press SETUP at any time. To go to the System Setup Menu ­ Press this button twice in all normal displays. If the sidelooker split screen (Window Page options F, G, or H) is enabled, this button must be pressed three times. During setup ­ Once you make a change, press SETUP to save the change and go back to the normal display. CLEAR During normal display ­ When an alarm is triggered, use CLEAR to turn off the buzzer. (The alarm will continue to be indicated on the display.) During setup ­ Once you make a change, press CLEAR to save the change and go back to the normal display. When the unit is first turned on, it will present the normal FishFinder Page. You can reach the Zoom, A-Scope and Bottom Lock Modes by pressing buttons on the control panel. See Fig. 3-12. ZOOM The "Zoom" Mode shows a magnified view of a section of the display area. The "A-Scope" Mode shows a "real time" view of the area directly under the transducer. A-SCP 26 Operating Instructions BOT LOCK The "Bottom Lock" Mode shows a "bottom-up" view. The bottom is used as a reference, and all depths are measured from the bottom up. For more information, see the section on "Performance Modes" on page 49. Turning the Power On and Off Press the PWR button once to turn on the power. For a few seconds, the Lamp/Contrast Menu will appear and the panel light will flash on and off. The light will allow you to see in order to set up the display in the dark. After the screen flashes three times, the unit will go to the display page which was used last (unless this is the first time the unit is powered up). The first time power is supplied to the unit, you will be asked to select the language used by the displays. English is the default language. You may also select any of six other languages. (You can change this setting at any time using the System Setup Menu.) To turn the power off, press and hold the seconds. PWR button for more than 3 Setup Memory When you first turn on the power, the unit will be prepared to operate using a number of preset values. These "default" values are stored in the unit at the factory. (The default values are listed in Section 4.) This unit has a memory for some of the settings--range, sensitivity, zoom, and frequency. (We will explain these in a moment.) When you turn off the power, any changes you make to these settings will be saved. You can return all of the settings to the factory default values, and reset the trip log to zero. To reset the unit, confirm that the unit is off. Press and hold the CLEAR button, then press the PWR button for a moment. After the unit powers up, release the CLEAR button. Operating Instructions 27 Adjust lamp brightness Adjust contrast Fig. 3-2 Lamp/Contrast Menu Lamp/Contrast Menu Press PWR The Lamp/Contrast Menu appears when you first press the PWR button and turn on the power. (You will be able to see part of the main FishFinder Page behind the Lamp/Contrast menu.) You can press the PWR button a second time to exit from the Lamp/Contrast Menu and go directly to the FishFinder Page. (If you do not make any changes to the settings within 7 seconds, the unit automatically exits from the Lamp/Contrast Menu anyway.) You can also enter the Lamp/Contrast Menu from any of the other displays by pressing the PWR button for a moment. Adjust lamp brightness The 465 FishFinder has a backlit display and keypad. This feature allows you to use the unit at night. The backlight for the display is adjustable to five levels of brightness. To turn the lamp on or adjust the brightness, use the < or > controls on the Page Control Pad. Adjust contrast You can also adjust the "contrast" of the display. This is a measure of how light or dark the display appears. Use the control to move from the line for "Lamp" to the line for "Contrast." Use the < or > controls to adjust the contrast. (The FishFinder unit has a feature which adjusts the contrast automatically to compensate for changes in air temperature.) 28 Operating Instructions Save settings When the settings on this display are correct, press the CLEAR button to save the settings and go to the FishFinder Page. Operating Pages The 465 FishFinder has four "pages," or normal displays. These can be used to show different kinds of information. Here is a list of the pages: Mode FishFinder Page Window Page Function Standard operating mode Right half of the display operates the same as the FishFinder Page. Left half of the display is a user-selectable window showing digital information or sidelooker information (when the optional Sidelooker transducer is used). View of either side of centerline of boat (used only with Sidelooker transducer). Numerical display of depth, speed, distance traveled, battery voltage, elapsed time, and water temperature graph. See page page 31 page 40 Sidelooker Page (using optional Sidelooker transducer) Digital Page page 42 page 46 You can step from one of these pages to another using the < and > arrows of the Page Control Pad. Operating Instructions 29 Lamp/Contrast Menu FishFinder Page PWR CLEAR Window Page Sidelooker Page (Only if Sidelooker feature is turned on) Digital Page Return to FishFinder Page Fig. 3-3 Operating Pages 30 Operating Instructions FishFinder Page Fish alarm set Shallow alarm set Deep alarm set Buzzer symbol Auto features on Speed Log/distance Water temperature Auto range on Auto sensitivity on Auto zoom on Fish symbol on Auto frequency on Transducer frequency Boat symbol Water surface Depth markers Bottom indication Fish depth Fish symbol Bottom depth Range Fig. 3-4 FishFinder Page Figure 3-4 shows a typical FishFinder display. (The FishFinder Page is also called the "chart" or "bottom graph" display.) As time passes, this display scrolls from right to left. The scrolling image becomes a record of the echoes and the bottom seen by the FishFinder as your boat moves. The images at the right side of the display show the most recent echoes. Some of these echoes indicate fish, and others show the bottom. As new echoes are received, the FishFinder "draws" a graph of the bottom. The bottom graph helps you to tell whether the bottom is rising or falling. It also allows you to identify the shape or "structure" of the bottom. This can indicate a reef or shipwreck. Notice that the scrolling speed of the display does not necessarily match the speed of the boat. The scrolling speed of the display is called the Operating Instructions 31 "chart speed." You can adjust this using the "Setup Menu." (See Section 4.) Many of the items on this display appear in the other display pages. Since you are likely to use the FishFinder Page most often, we will explain all of these items here. Top of display Buzzer symbol This symbol shows whether any of the alarms will use the buzzer. There are three kinds of alarms: shallow, deep, and fish. If one of these alarms is triggered, the unit will present a flashing symbol on the display. The Buzzer symbol shows whether, in addition to the flashing symbol, the alarms will also use the buzzer. If the Buzzer setting in the System Setup Menu is on (indicating that the buzzer is enabled for all of the alarms), this symbol will appear filled. If the Buzzer setting is off (indicating that the buzzer is disabled for all of the alarms), this symbol will be empty. Shallow alarm set You can set an alarm to go off if the boat moves into water which is shallower than a certain depth. If you set this type of alarm, the "S" indicator will appear on the display. If the alarm is triggered, the "S" symbol will flash. If the buzzer has been turned on (in the System Setup Menu), the buzzer will also sound. To stop the buzzer, press the CLEAR button. The "S" symbol will continue to flash until you move into deeper water. Deep alarm set You can set a different alarm to go off if the boat moves into water which is deeper than a certain depth. When this alarm is set, the "D" symbol will appear. If the alarm is triggered, the "D" symbol will flash. If the buzzer has been turned on (in the System Setup Menu), the buzzer will also sound. To stop the buzzer, press the CLEAR button. The "D" symbol will continue to flash until you move into shallower water. 32 Operating Instructions Fish alarm set The FishFinder also has an alarm which will sound whenever it detects a fish. When this alarm is set, the fish symbol appears at the top of the display. If the alarm is triggered and the buzzer has been turned on (in the System Setup Menu), the buzzer will sound for a moment. Auto features on (AUTO) If any of the automatic features are turned on, the "Auto" indication will appear here. (These include the automatic range, auto sensitivity, and auto zoom features.) Auto range on (R) The "range" is the maximum depth the unit is set to measure. When the auto range feature is on, the FishFinder chooses the correct range setting automatically. Auto sensitivity on (S) The "sensitivity" controls the ability of the unit to tell the difference between echoes of different strengths. A higher sensitivity setting makes it easier to see smaller fish, but also may pick up background noise. When auto sensitivity is on, the FishFinder chooses the correct sensitivity setting automatically. Auto zoom on (Z) The "zoom" is used to magnify the image from a small section of the water below the boat. (This is used with the Zoom Mode, which we will describe in a moment.) When the auto zoom feature is on, the FishFinder automatically moves the zoom window up or down to track the bottom. Fish symbol on When the FishFinder sees a fish, it can show this by displaying a fish symbol. When the fish symbol feature is turned off, the FishFinder indicates a fish as an archshaped line on the display. For more information, see the section on "Fish Indications." Transducer frequency The transducer can use two frequencies ­ 50 kHz for wide coverage, or 200 kHz for a detailed view. You can also set Operating Instructions 33 the unit to use both frequencies at the same time ("dual frequency"), or even display both frequencies at once ("split screen"). Auto frequency on (A) An "A" indication here shows that the unit is choosing the frequency automatically. (For more on this, see "Choosing the Frequency.") Boat symbol This symbol is always turned on. It indicates that the new information appears at the right edge of the display, and the older information moves toward the left. Center of display Water surface This symbol ("0") shows the depth indicated by the top of the display. Usually, this is the level of the surface of the water. (If Zoom Mode is turned on, this will show the depth of the top of the zoom area.) The depth is shown using the same units as the rest of the display. This can be feet (FT), fathoms (FA), or meters (M), depending on the setting you make in the System Setup Menu. Depth markers These markers show depths between the surface and the full depth range. In this example, the unit is set for a depth range of 100 feet. This means that each of the depth markers shows an interval of 20 feet. Speed This entry shows the speed of the boat through the water. From the System Setup Menu, you can turn this item off or change the units used for this display. Log/distance This shows how far the boat has traveled since the log was last reset. From the System Setup Menu, you can turn this item off or change the units used for this display. Water temperature This entry shows the current water temperature at the surface of the water. (The reading for water temperature can be helpful for finding fish. A particular type of fish will often prefer water in a narrow temperature range.) 34 Operating Instructions From the System Setup Menu, you can turn this item off or change the units used for this display. Fish symbol This indicates that the FishFinder sees a fish. Generally, the larger the fish symbol appears, the larger the fish. (The size of the fish symbol actually depends on a number of factors. See the section on "Fish Indications.") If the fish is detected using the narrow 200 kHz beam, the display will show a filled-in symbol. If the fish is detected by the wide 50 kHz beam, the display will use a hollow symbol. (For more on this, see "Choosing the Frequency.") Fish depth This indicates the depth of the fish shown by the fish symbol. This number will be shown using the same depth units (feet, fathoms, or meters) you have selected on the System Setup Menu. The fish depth indicator is turned off when the fish symbol function is off. Bottom of display Bottom indication This shows the bottom of the lake or sea. You can compare this to the range depth shown in the lower righthand corner. (In this example, the checkered pattern shows the unit is getting a strong echo return from the bottom. See the information on the White Line feature in the Setup Instructions.) Range The "range" is the maximum depth the unit is set to measure. In this example, this is 100 feet. You can set the range manually, or the FishFinder can do it automatically. Bottom depth This is the depth of the bottom shown on the display. You can select FT (feet), FA (fathoms), or M (meters) using the System Setup Menu. If the FishFinder can't tell how deep the water is, the last known depth flashes on the display. This will continue until the unit can see the bottom again. Before we explain the other pages, there are some general things you should know about the operation of the FishFinder. Operating Instructions 35 Choosing a Frequency We said that the FishFinder uses sound waves to "see" through the water under the boat. The "frequency" is a measure of how fast the sound waves change or "vibrate." The FishFinder uses sound waves with two different frequencies ­ 50 kHz and 200 kHz. Apelco uses these two frequencies because each is better for a particular purpose: 50 kHz frequency · Scans a wide area · Penetrates water well, good for deep water 200 · · · kHz frequency Scans a narrower area, but produces a more detailed view Good for seeing fish near the bottom or fish close together Better for use in very shallow water "Dual" frequency (both 50 kHz and 200 kHz at once) · Has the advantages of both frequencies · Good depth penetration · Good detail in display · Using the "Dual 50 kHz" setting, the display is produced using the signal from the 50 kHz beam, with additional information from the 200 kHz beam. · Using the "Dual 200 kHz" setting, the display is produced using the signal from the 200 kHz beam, with additional information from the 50 kHz beam. If you are using one of the dual frequency settings, you can get some useful information from the fish symbols. If the fish is spotted by the narrow 200 kHz beam, the fish symbol will be black or filled-in. If a fish is detected by the wide 50 kHz beam, the symbol will be hollow. When the unit is first turned on, it is set to use the Auto frequency feature. When set this way, the unit begins by using the 200 kHz frequency. If the bottom depth increases to more than 250 feet (or 50 fathoms or 80 meters), the unit will automatically switch to the 50 kHz frequency. If the unit cannot find the bottom, it will try both the 200 kHz and the 50 kHz frequencies. The unit will then use the frequency which finds the bottom first. 36 Operating Instructions