Distributed by Any reference to Raytheon or RTN in this manual should be interpreted as Raymarine. The names Raytheon and RTN are owned by the Raytheon Company. GPS SENSOR OPERATION MANUAL RAYSTAR 112 Installation and Operation Handbook RAYSTAR 112 GPS SENSOR Owner/Installation Manual PURPOSE This manual contains very important information on the installation, operation, and maintenance of your new equipment. In order to get the best results in operation and performance, please take the time to read this manual thoroughly. IMPORTANT NOTICE This device is only an aid to navigation. Its accuracy can be affected by many factors, including equipment failure or defects, environmental conditions and improper handling or use. It is the user's responsibility to exercise common prudence and navigational judgement, and this device should not be relied upon as a substitute for such prudence and judgement. RAYTHEON ELECTRONICS products are supported by a network of Authorized Service Representatives. For information on Raytheon products and services, contact any of the following: UNITED STATES Raytheon Marine Company 676 Island Pond Road Manchester, N.H. 03109 ­ 5420 Telephone: (603) 647 ­ 7530 Facsimillie: (603) 634 ­ 4756 Raytheon Marine Europe Limited Anchorage Park Portsmouth Hampshire PO3 5TD United Kingdom. Telephone: 44 ­ 1705 693611 Facsimillie: 44 ­ 1705 694642 EUROPE ã Copyright Raytheon Electronics 1997 The technical and graphical information contained in this handbook, to the best of our knowledge, was correct as it went to press. However, the Raytheon policy of continuous improvement and updating may change product specifications without prior notice. Therefore, unavoidable differences between the product and handbook may occur from time to time, for which liability cannot be accepted by Raytheon. RAYSTAR 112 Installation and Operation Handbook RAYSTAR 112 Installation and Operation Handbook EMC Installation & Service Guidelines IMPORTANT NOTE All Raytheon equipment and accessories are designed to the best industry standards for use in the leisure marine environment. Their design and manufacture conforms to the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Regulations, but good installation is required to ensure that performance is not compromised. Although every effort has been taken to ensure that they will perform under all conditions, it is important to understand what factors could affect the operation of the product. Installation To avoid the risk of operating problems, all Raytheon equipment and cables connected to it should be; · At least 1m (3 ft) from any equipment transmitting or cables carrying radio signals e.g. VHF radios, cables and antennas. In the case of SSB radios, the distance should be increased to 2m (7ft). · More than 2m (7ft) from the path of a radar beam. A radar beam can normally be assumed to spread 20 degrees above and below the radiating element. · The equipment should be supplied from a different battery than the one used for engine start. Voltage drops below 10v in the power supply to our products can cause the equipment to reset. This will not damage the equipment, but will cause the loss of some information and can change the operating mode. · Genuine Raytheon cables should be used at all times. Cutting and rejoining these cables can compromise EMC performance and so should be avoided unless doing so is detailed in the installation manual. RAYSTAR 112 Installation and Operation Handbook Check Before Going to Sea · Always check the installation before going to sea to make sure that it is not affected by radio transmissions, engine starting etc.. · In some installations, it may not be possible to prevent the equipment from being affected by external influences. In general this will not damage the equipment but can lead to it resetting, or momentarily may result in faulty operation. Servicing and Safety · Raytheon equipment should be serviced only by authorised Raytheon service engineers. They will ensure that service procedures and replacement parts used will not affect performance. There are no user serviceable parts in any Raytheon product. · Some products generate high voltages, and so never handle the cables/connectors when power is being supplied to the equipment. · Always report any EMC related problem to your nearest Raytheon dealer. We will use any such information to improve our quality standards. Please keep these notes for future reference. Contents Contents Chapter1: Introduction ......................................................... 1 1.1 General Information .......................................................... 1 1.2 Basic GPS Information ...................................................... 1 Chapter 2: Installation ........................................................... 5 2.1 Installing the Sensor Unit ................................................... 5 2.1.1 Tips on Locating the Sensor ...................................... 5 2.1.2 Items Supplied .......................................................... 6 2.1.3 Mounting the Sensor ................................................. 6 2.2 Sensor Connections ......................................................... 7 DC Power ..................................................................... 7 NMEA 0183 Data Output ............................................... 7 Data Input to Sensor ..................................................... 8 2.2.1 Connection to Raytheon Units ................................... 8 2.2.2 Connections to DGPS Receiver ................................ 8 2.2.3 Connection to External Navigation Equipments .......... 9 2.2.4 Connection Diagram ............................................... 10 Chapter 3: Operation .......................................................... 11 3.1 COLD Start (Initial Start-up) ............................................. 11 3.2 Geodetic Datum ............................................................. 11 Chapter 4: Maintenance ...................................................... 13 4.1 General .......................................................................... 13 4.2 Replacing the Battery ...................................................... 13 4.3 Trouble Shooting ............................................................ 14 4.4 Electrical Specifications: .................................................. 15 General: .......................................................................... 15 Mechanical Specifications: ............................................... 15 RAYSTAR 112 Installation and Operation Handbook Appendix A ......................................................................... 17 Additional Local Geodetic Systems .................................. 17 Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter1: Introduction 1.1 General Information Congratulations on your purchase of Raytheon's Raystar 112 GPS sensor unit. We think you will appreciate the accuracy of GPS, the quality, long-term reliability, and additional space saving convenience of having GPS navigation data available at your navigation console from your new Raystar 112. Built into the environmentally rugged, compact housing is our newest 12 channel GPS receiver/processor combined with the ADP antenna. The position output data from the Raystar 112 can be displayed on radars, plotters, fishfinders, lorans, and other navigation equipment capable of accepting NMEA 0183 formatted data. 1.2 Basic GPS Information GPS is a satellite-based radionavigation system developed and operated by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). GPS permits land, sea and airborne users to determine their three-dimensional position, velocity, and time 24 hours a day, in all weather, anywhere in the world with a precision and accuracy far better than other radionavigation systems available today or in the forseeable future. GPS consists of three segments: space, control and user. The Space Segment, consists of 24 operational satellites in six circular orbits 20,200 km (10,900 nm) above the earth at an inclination angle of 55 degrees with a 12 hour period. The satellites are spaced in orbit so 2 RAYSTAR 112 Installation and Operation Handbook that at any time a minimum of 6 satellites will be in view to users anywhere in the world. The satellites continuously broadcast position and time data to users throughout the world. The Control Segment, consists of a master control station in Colorado Springs, with five monitor stations and three ground antennas located throughout the world. The monitor stations track all GPS satellites in view and collect ranging information from the satellite broadcasts. The monitor stations send the information they collect from each of the satellites back to the master control station, which computes extremely precise satellite orbits. The information is then formatted into updated navigation messages for each satellite. The updated information is transmitted to each satellite via the ground antennas, which also transmit and receive satellite control and monitoring signals. The User Segment consists of the receivers, processors, and antennas that allow land, sea, or airborne operators to receive the GPS satellite broadcasts and compute their precise position, velocity and time. The satellites continuously broadcast their navigation messages at a frequency of 1575.42 Mhz (for civilian use). Superimposed on the navigation message is a high rate coarse acquisition (C/A) code used for precise positioning measurements and positive satellite identification. The C/A ID code permits the user to identify particular satellites and, in some cases, to determine and select the "best satellites" to use in position calculations. If it were possible to measure true satellite ranges directly, it would only be necessary to track data from any two satellites to obtain a vessel's latitude/longitude. In actual practice, for marine navigation, the receiver must lock onto and track a minimum of three satellites in order to resolve timing errors, including the receiver's own internal clock timing bias error which must be factored into the various range calculations. Chapter 1: Introduction 3 Normally the Raystar 112 tracks up to 12 satellites (if visible) and uses all tracked satellites for calculating position fixes. By using these satellites, the processor can determine the amount of clock errors in each range calculation. The receiver subtracts the error bias equally from each range solution until the lines of position (LOP's) intersect. Theoretically, this process can produce highly accurate latitutde/ longitude (L/L) position fixes for navigation within +/- 15m (rms). Continuous tracking of each satellite allows the receiver to perform this timing adjustment process and to calculate accurate measurements to the satellites. The Raystar 112 uses a 12 channel receiver. This sensor design method provides fast efficient acquisition and accurate position updating, even when satellites are obstructed from view. The US Department of Defense, for security reasons, has included a special mode in the GPS satellite system design which introduces variable timing errors into the satellite signals. This mode is known as "Selective Availability" (SA), and when it is enabled, is designed to provide less accurate fixes for all users (except military users). Accuracy in the order of +/- 100 Meters (rms) 95% of the time is obtained when SA is ON. This means that 95% of the time the actual ship's GPS Lat/ Long position will be within a radius of 100 meters (+/- one football field) and 5% of the time the actual position will be out of this 100 meter circle. Selective Availability has been enabled almost continuously since early 1991. The use of Differential GPS technology can remove most of these intentionally induced errors in the GPS satellite signals due to the "Selective Availiblity" mode including errors that can result due to environmental conditions as the satellite signals travel to earth.When you attach Raytheon's Differential Beacon Receiver to the Raystar 112 GPS sensor, the GPS differential corrections can improve the L/L 4 RAYSTAR 112 Installation and Operation Handbook position output accuracy of the Raystar 112 from +/- 100 meters down to 5 to 8 meters in most cases. The Raystar 112 provides NMEA 0183 formatted data at its output as follows: RMC GLL VTG GGA GSA GSV Combines position, course, and speed Vessel's Latitude/Longitude position Course over the ground, Speed over ground Ships L/L position & satellite status information Active satellites and DOP Satellites in view This data can be supplied to plotters, fishfinders, radars, integrated systems, etc., which are set up to use these sentences from the NMEA 0183 format. Please read through this manual thoroughly before proceeding with the installation and operation of the sensor. There are some important recommendations regarding successf ...