SEKONIC STUDIO DELUXE II L-398M Operating Instructions Features ........................................................................................................2 Specifications................................................................................................4 Part Designations.........................................................................................5 Accessories ..................................................................................................6 Basic Operation of Meter Unit .....................................................................7 1. Stopper Button Operation.............................................................7 2. Zero Position Check and Adjustment...........................................7 Standard Accessory Operation....................................................................8 Incident Light Measurement.........................................................................8 1. Lumisphere......................................................................................8 2. Lumidisc..........................................................................................11 Reflected Light Measurement......................................................................12 1. Lumigrid..........................................................................................12 Other Operations..........................................................................................13 1. Exposure Value (EV number) Readout..........................................13 2. Employing Cine Scale.....................................................................14 3. Using Exposure Multipliers(-2,-1,+1,+2) .....................................15 Employing Special Accessories ..................................................................15 1. Direct Reading Slides.....................................................................15 2. Direct Reading Slide Application ...................................................16 Measurement Examples with Various Subjects..........................................17 1. Portrait Photography......................................................................17 2. Typical Scenery .............................................................................18 3. Observatorial Scenes....................................................................18 4. Snow Scenes..................................................................................20 5. Scenes with Side or Back Lighting ...............................................21 6. Silhouette Photography.................................................................22 Applications Summary..................................................................................23 1. Special Features of the Studio Deluxe ...........................................23 2. Illumination Contrast .......................................................................24 3. Reflected Light Measurement........................................................26 4. Illumination Adjustment....................................................................29 5. Close-ups.........................................................................................31 Handling Cautions........................................................................................34 Nearly all photographic subjects combine complex variations of strongly reflecting surfaces (high reflectivity) and weakly reflecting surfaces (low reflectivity). These variations delicately influence exposure determination and to which portion the exposure is set becomes a vital factor that considerably affects the appearance of the finished photograph. Although risk of failure can be minimized by taking maximum and minimum readings of all portions of the subject, then averaging the values, such an approach is both time consuming and tedious. The Studio Deluxe II is the answer to this problem. It is designed around a standard reflectivity of 18%, which has been derived through measurements of various subjects throughout the seasons of the year. Consequently, high effectiveness is displayed with subjects possessing reflectivities in the neighborhood of 18% (people, buildings, etc.) and when this can be considered the average value (street snapshots, trees, forest scenes, etc.). 1. Optimum exposure meter for incident light measuring method (also applicable for reflected light method). 2. Freely rotatable light sensor section for very easily performed measurements. 3. Meter stopper mechanism allows operation while hand is released from meter. 4. Meter release mechanism is also included which allows the needle to deflect freely. This provides greater convenience when determining light balance. 5. Memo pointer enables easier light balance setting. 6. Lumisphere detects the same light as strikes the subject. Since subjects are normally 3-dimensional, according to the lighting conditions, brighter surfaces (highlights) and darker surfaces (shadows) are produced (illumination contrast). The Studio Deluxe II mechanism automatically takes into account the strength of ight from all directions, l causing the meter to indicate a value applicable to photography. It is thus most convenient for determining typical exposures. 2 After combining film sensitivity and shutter speed, direct reading slides (optional) can be used for directly determining the aperture value. 8. Selenium photocell is employed as light sensing element, eliminating need for battery. 9. Wide selection of available accessories allows numerous photographic techniques to be enjoyed. 7. 3 Measuring System Measuring Range Measuring Accuracy ISO Scale Shutter Scale Aperture Scale Cine Scale EV Scale Calibration Constant Dimensions Weight Incident light (reflected light system also capable) At ISO 100, EV 4-1 7 Within ± 0.3 EV (1/3f stop) 6 - 12000 60 - 1 /8000 second 0.7-128 8 fps - 128 fps 1 20 (exposure value) C = 340 K = 1 2.5 112 x 58 x 34 mm Approx. 190 grams (NOTE) The outlooks and specifications described in this booklet shall be changed without pre -advice, if necessary. 4 PART Fror' DESIGNATIONS Lumlsphera Light sensorm scale linb.+\ P\ value reading) @ -1 Meter scale 1 pointer Footcandle ,;nrirlan+ Aperture (for direct ___ ---. - w , Dial xopper button wne mat scale 44 I - scale A -__..."^ ^^^I^ /- Rear 5 Lumisphere High (H) slide Lumidisc Optional Accessories (sold separately). Direct reading slides. Lumigrid Total of 11 direct reading slides (set of 11 slides in case). e; 1. Stopper Button Operation If the stopper button is pressed when the stopper button mark the meter needle is set to deflects according to bright ness. Then when the button is released, the needle remains fixed at the indicated position. By holding the stopper button depressed and turning it clockwise so that the mark position becomes the needle is released. At this time, the meter will deflect freely even if the stopper button is released. To fix the needle, turn the stopper but ton counter-clockwise to where the mark is positioned With stopper button in released position, cover light sensor with hand or black cloth to com pletely block light. Check that meter needle correctly indicates zero position. If the indication deviates from zero, while observing meter indication, use a coin or similar tool to turn the rear zero adjust screw and adjust for zero indication. Incident Light Measurement 1. Lumisphere a. Mount Lumisphere sensor To white dots of Lumisphere frame and light sensor, then turn Lumisphere carefully clockwise to secure. b. Set film sensitivity knob to sensitivity value of employed film. Set ISO value to right side ISO mark Photo shows setting for ISO 100. c. From position where subject is to be measured, point Lumiin direction of sphere camera. (Light sensor be turned freely.) d. Hold meter erect and press stopper button Meter 8 needle deflects according to brightness. When the stopper button is released, the meter needle becomes fixed at the deflected position. If the location is excessively bright and the meter needle deflects beyond scale, insert the High slide e. Read the footcandle indication of the meter needle. f. Transfer footcandle value to the dial scale dial ring and set the scale mark. If the High slide has been inserted, set the mark. 9 g. At this time, the shutter speed scale combination becomes the correct exposure. and aperture scale Example: With High slide inserted, meter indicates 80 footcandles At ISO 100, the proper exposure becomes 1, 250 sec at F 5.6, 1; 30 sec at F!16 and 1 sec at F-90. h. By changing ISO setting, the set combination of shutter speed and aperture scale is automatically altered to the appropriate one corresponding to the changed ISO value. * Meter scale intermediate values intermediate values for shutter speed and aperture scale * Film sensitivity intermediate values Note: When no slide is inserted, strong light directly striking the slide slot may enter through the slot. Although this does not seriously affect exposure, if more accurate exposure is required, cover slot with hand. 1 c'. 2. Lumidisc. Employ for illumination contrast Adjustment and luminance measurement. · Contrast measurement a. Mount Lumidisc sensor Install in the same manner as Lumisphere. b. Hold meter at subject position and point Lumidisc directly toward center of main light. c. Press stopper button read meter scale footcandle indication Turn the memo pointer dial and set the pointer 1 7 at the footcandle value the needle points to e. In the same manner, measure the fill-in light. In this case, use care that light from main source dose not enter sensor. f. Read a difference between the footcandle value the pointer is set (see above c) and the one for fill-in light (= needle position. Ratio between main and fillip light footcandles becomes the contrast ratio. Example: With main light at 640 footcandles, fill-in light reads 320 footcandles. Illumination contrast ratio becomes: 640 320 2 1 or 2 : 1 d. 11 · Luminance (Lux) measurement a. Mount Lumidisc to light sensor Lumisphere. in the same manner as b. Place Lumidisc parallel with the measured surface. c. Press stopper button and read meter scale footcandle indication d. Multiply this value by 10.76 to obtain lux. Example: 80 x 10.76 = 860.8 lux then multiply If meter deflects beyond scale, insert High slide footcandle indication by 32. Example: 80 x 32 = 2560 footcandles 2560 x 10.76 = 27545.6 lux a. Mount Lumigrid sensor in the same manner as Lumisphere. b. Set sensitivity value of em ployed film. Setting is performed in the same manner as for incident light measurement. c. Point Lumigrid toward 'part of subject to be measured. d. As close as possible to the subject, measure reflected light from main point of subject. Use adequate care at this time that meter shadow etc. does not interfere. e. Press stopper button and read meter scale footcandle indication . However, since footcandles are units of incident light only, this value becomes simply a reference. f. Transfer indicated value to dial scale and set Rotate the dial ring mark g. At this time, shutter speed scale and aperture scale combination becomes the correct exposure. Note: Do not employ slides for reflected light measurement. * More accurate results can be obtained for reflected light measurement by using a standard reflectance slide (optional accessory). Other Operations 1. Exposure Value (EV) number Readout Reading this exposure value to perform setting becomes convenient for cameras which employ a light value system shutter and aperture combination. 13 a. Read meter needle candle indication foot - b. Transfer this number to the dial scale Rotate dial ring and set scale mark If the High slide is inserted, set the mark c. EV value indicated by EV mark becomes the correct exposure value. 2. Employing Cine Scale Incident and reflected light measurements during cine photography are performed in the same manner as described previously. However, since the cine scale numerals correspond to cine camera film speed, read the aperture scale indication that pertains to the employed film speed. Note: Some cine cameras possess faster exposure times due to a narrower rotating shutter angle (angle of light transmitting portion). It is important to know the accurate film speed versus shutter angle value for your camera in order to determine proper exposure. Refer to the camera operating instructions, maker's catalogue, etc. for shutter speed information. Shutter angle and exposure calculation: Note: Standard theatrical cine film speed is 24 fps at 1/50 sec. This position is indicated by a red line on the scale. 14 3. Using Exposure Multipliers ( -2, -1, +1, +2) Exposure multiplier indications are provided at both sides of the marks of the dial scale. Use the -1 or -2 mark when desir ing to cut the exposure to 1!2 of ...