ENGLISH SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR MODEL EL-506W EL-546W OPERATION MANUAL PRINTED IN CHINA / IMPRIMÉ EN CHINE / IMPRESO EN CHINA 04CGK (TINSE0719EHZZ) INTRODUCTION Thank you for purchasing the SHARP Scientific Calculator Model EL-506W/546W. About the calculation examples (including some formulas and tables), refer to the reverse side of this English manual. Refer to the number on the right of each title in the manual for use. After reading this manual, store it in a convenient location for future reference. Note: Some of the models described in this manual may not be available in some countries. ALPHA : Appears when K (STAT VAR), O or R is pressed. FIX/SCI/ENG: Indicates the notation used to display a value. DEG/RAD/GRAD: Indicates angular units. : Appears when matrix mode is selected. : Appears when list mode is selected. : Appears when statistics mode is selected. M : Indicates that a value is stored in the independent memory. ? : Indicates that the calculator is waiting for a numerical value to be entered, such as during simulation calculation. : Appears when the calculator shows an angle as the result in the complex calculation mode. i : Indicates an imaginary number is being displayed in the complex calculation mode. (2sin30, etc.) I nCr, nPr O ×, ÷ P +, ­ { AND } OR, XOR, XNOR q =, M+, M­, M, |DEG, |RAD, |GRAD, DATA, CD, r, xy and other calculation ending instructions · If parentheses are used, parenthesized calculations have precedence over any other calculations. INITIAL SET UP Mode Selection m0: Normal mode (NORMAL) m1: Statistic mode (STAT) m2: Equation mode (EQN) m3: Complex number mode (CPLX) m4: Matrix mode (MAT) m5: List mode (LIST) BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR Key Notation Used in this Manual In this manual, key operations are described as follows: To specify ex : @e To specify ln : I To specify F : Kü Functions that are printed in orange above the key require @ to be pressed first before the key. When you specify the memory, press K first. Numbers for input value are not shown as keys, but as ordinary numbers. SET UP menu Press " to display the SET UP menu. DRG FSE TAB · A menu item can be selected by: 01 · moving the flashing cursor by using ><, then pressing ® (= key), or · pressing the number key corresponding to the menu item number. or is displayed on the screen, press [ or ] to · If view the previous/next menu screen. · Press ª to exit the SET UP menu. [Determination of the Angular Unit] The following three angular units (degrees, radians, and grads) can be specified. · DEG (°) : Press "00. · RAD (rad) : Press "01. · GRAD (g) : Press "02. [Selecting the Display Notation and Decimal Places] Four display notation systems are used to display calculation results: Floating point; Fixed decimal point; Scientific notation; and Engineering notation. · When the FIX, SCI, or ENG symbol is displayed, the number of decimal places (TAB) can be set to any value between 0 and 9. Displayed values will be reduced to the corresponding number of digits. [Setting the Floating Point Numbers System in Scientific Notation] Two settings are used to display a floating point number: NORM1 (default setting) and NORM2. A number is automatically displayed in scientific notation outside a preset range: · NORM1: 0.000000001 x 9999999999 · NORM2: 0.01 x 9999999999 Operational Notes · Do not carry the calculator around in your back pocket, as it may break when you sit down. The display is made of glass and is particularly fragile. · Keep the calculator away from extreme heat such as on a car dashboard or near a heater, and avoid exposing it to excessively humid or dusty environments. · Since this product is not waterproof, do not use it or store it where fluids, for example water, can splash onto it. Raindrops, water spray, juice, coffee, steam, perspiration, etc. will also cause malfunction. · Clean with a soft, dry cloth. Do not use solvents or a wet cloth. · Do not drop it or apply excessive force. · Never dispose of batteries in a fire. · Keep batteries out of the reach of children. · This product, including accessories, may change due to upgrading without prior notice. Power On and Off Press ª to turn the calculator on, and @F to turn it off. Clearing the Entry and Memories Operation ª @c Mode selection @00*5 @10*6 RESET switch : Clear × : Retain *1 Statistical data (entered data). 2 2 ¯ y * x, sx, x, n, x, x , ¯ , sy, y, y, y 2, xy, r, a, b, c. *3 Matrix memories (matA, matB, matC and matD) 4 * List memories (L1, L2, L3 and L4) *5 All variables are cleared. *6 This key combination functions the same as the RESET switch. [Memory clear key] MEM RESET Press @ to display the menu. 01 · To clear all variables (M, A-F, X, Y, ANS, F1-F4, STAT VAR, matA-D, L1-4), press 00 or 0 ®. · To RESET the calculator, press 10 or 1®. The RESET operation will erase all data stored in memory, and restore the calculator's default setting. Entry M A-F, X,Y STAT*1 (Display) F1-F4 ANS STAT VAR*2 matA-D*3 L1-4*4 × × × × × × NOTICE · SHARP strongly recommends that separate permanent written records be kept of all important data. Data may be lost or altered in virtually any electronic memory product under certain circumstances. Therefore, SHARP assumes no responsibility for data lost or otherwise rendered unusable whether as a result of improper use, repairs, defects, battery replacement, use after the specified battery life has expired, or any other cause. · SHARP will not be liable nor responsible for any incidental or consequential economic or property damage caused by misuse and/or malfunctions of this product and its peripherals, unless such liability is acknowledged by law. o Press the RESET switch (on the back), with the tip of a ballpoint pen or similar object, only in the following cases. Do not use an object with a breakable or sharp tip. Note that pressing the RESET switch erases all data stored in memory. · When using for the first time · After replacing the batteries · To clear all memory contents · When an abnormal condition occurs and all keys are inoperative. If service should be required on this calculator, use only a SHARP servicing dealer, SHARP approved service facility, or SHARP repair service where available. SCIENTIFIC CALCULATIONS · Press m0 to select the normal mode. · In each example, press ª to clear the display. If the FIX, SCI, or ENG indicator is displayed, clear the indicator by selecting `NORM1' from the SET UP menu. Arithmetic Operations · The closing parenthesis ) just before = or ; may be omitted. Entering and Correcting the Equation [Cursor keys] · Press < or > to move the cursor. You can also return to the equation after getting an answer by pressing > (<). See the next section for using the [ and ] keys. · See `SET UP menu' for cursor use in the SET UP menu. [Insert mode and Overwrite mode in the Equation display] · Pressing @` switches between the two editing modes: insert mode (default); and overwrite mode. A triangular cursor indicates that an entry will be inserted at the cursor, while the rectangular cursor indicates to overwrite preexisting data as you make entries. · To insert a number in the insert mode, move the cursor to the place immediately after where you wish to insert, then make a desired entry. In the overwrite mode, data under the cursor will be overwritten by the number you enter. · The mode set will be retained until the next RESET operation. [Deletion key] · To delete a number/function, move the cursor to the number/ function you wish to delete, then press d. If the cursor is located at the right end of an equation, the d key will function as a back space key. Constant Calculations · In constant calculations, the addend becomes a constant. Subtraction and division are performed in the same manner. For multiplication, the multiplicand becomes a constant. · In the constants calculations, constants will be displayed as K. Functions · Refer to the calculation examples of each function. · Before starting calculations, specify the angular unit. Differential/Integral Functions Differential and integral calculations are only available in the normal mode. For calculation conditions such as the x value in differential calculation or the initial point in integral calculation, only numerical values can be entered and equations such as 22 cannot be specified. It is possible to reuse the same equation over and over again and to recalculate by only changing the conditions without re-entering the equation. · Performing a calculation will clear the value in the X memory. · When performing a differential calculation, enter the formula first and then enter the x value in differential calculation and the minute interval (dx). If a numerical value is not specified for minute interval, x0 will be x×10­5 and x=0 will be 10­5 from the value of the numeric derivative. · When performing an integral calculation, enter the formula first and then enter a range of integral (a, b) and subintervals (n). If a numerical value is not specified for subintervals, calculation will be performed using n=100. Since differential and integral calculations are performed based on the following equations, correct results may not be obtained, in certain rare cases, when performing special calculations that contain discontinuous points. Integral calculation (Simpson's rule): b­a 1 S=--h{(a)+4{(a+h)+(a+3h)+······+(a+(N­1)h)} h= ---- N 3 N=2n +2{(a+2h)+(a+4h)+······+(a+(N­2)h)}+f(b)} a xb dx dx f(x+ ­­)­f(x­ ­­) 2 2 Differential calculation: f'(x)=---------------- dx [When performing integral calculations] Integral calculations, depending on the integrands and subintervals included, require longer calculation time. During calculation, "Calculating!" will be displayed. To cancel calculation, press ª. Note that there will be greater integral errors when there are large fluctuations in Hard Case DISPLAY Equation Display Mantissa Symbol Exponent Multi-line Playback Function Previous equations may be recalled in the normal mode. Equations also include calculation ending instructions such as "=" and a maximum of 142 characters can be stored in memory. When the memory is full, stored equations are deleted in the order of the oldest first. Pressing [ will display the previous equation. Further pressing [ will display preceding equations (after returning to the previous equation, press ] to view equations in order). In addition, @[ can be used to jump to the oldest equation. · The multi-line memory is cleared by the following operations: @c, mode change, RESET, N-base conversion and memory clear (@). · During actual use, not all symbols are displayed at the same time. · Certain inactive symbols may appear visible when viewed from a far off angle. · Only the symbols required for the usage under instruction are shown in the display and calculation examples of this manual. : Appears when the entire equation cannot be displayed. / Press to see the remaining (hidden) section. xy/r : Indicates the mode of expression of results in the complex calculation mode. : Indicates that data can be visible above/below the screen. Press [/] to scroll up/down the view. 2ndF : Appears when @ is pressed. HYP : Indicates that h has been pressed and the hyperbolic functions are enabled. If @H are pressed, the symbols "2ndF HYP" appear, indicating that inverse hyperbolic functions are enabled. Priority Levels in Calculation Operations are performed according to the following priority: Q Fractions (1l4, etc.) W , engineering prefixes E Functions preceded by their argument (x-1, x2, n!, etc.) R Yx, x¿ T Implied multiplication of a memory value (2Y, etc.) Y Functions followed by their argument (sin, cos, etc.) U Implied multiplication of a function the integral values during minute shifting of the integral range and for periodic y functions, etc., where positive and negative integral values exist depending on y x0 x2 the interval. b For the former case, divide a x a bx xx integral intervals as small x1 x3 x x as possible. For the latter case, separate the positive and negative values. Following these tips will allow results of calculations with greater accuracy and will also shorten the calculation time. 0 1 2 3 A ï, B , C ó, D ò, E ô, F ö In the binary, pental, octal, and hexadecimal systems, fractional parts cannot be entered. When a decimal number having a fractional part is converted into a binary, pental, octal, or hexadecimal number, the fractional part will be truncated. Likewise, when the result of a binary, pental, octal, or hexadecimal calculation includes a fractional part, the fractional part will be truncated. In the binary, pental, octal, and hexadecimal systems, negative numbers are displayed as a complement. Time, Decimal and Sexagesimal Calculations Conversion between decimal and sexagesimal numbers can be performed, and, while using sexagesimal ...