® MODEL EL-9900 GRAPHING CALCULATOR OPERATION MANUAL In the U.S.A. Declaration of Conformity Graphing Calculator: EL-9900 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Responsible Party: SHARP ELECTRONICS CORPORATION Sharp Plaza, Mahwah, New Jersey 07430-1163 TEL: 1-800-BE-SHARP Tested To Comply With FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE WARNING -- FCC Regulations state that any unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: -- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. -- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. -- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. -- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Note: A shielded interface cable is required to ensure compliance with FCC regulations for Class B certification. FOR YOUR RECORDS... For your assistance in reporting this product in case of loss or theft, please record the model number and serial number which are located on the bottom of the unit. Please retain this information. Model Number Serial Number Date of Purchase Place of Purchase Introduction This graphing calculator can handle many types of mathematical formulas and expressions for you. It is powerful enough to process very complex formulas used in rocket science, but yet so compact that it fits in your coat pocket. The main features of this graphing calculator are as follows: · Reversible Keyboard to suit the needs of students' levels, ranging from middleschool level arithmetic to high-school calculus, and beyond, · Graphing Capability to help you visualize what you are working on, · Slide Show Function to help you understand common formulas, prepare for presentations, · Large memory capacity, with fast processing speed, and more. We strongly recommend you read this manual thoroughly. If not, then browse through the very first chapter "Getting Started", at least. Last, but not least, congratulations on purchasing the Graphing Calculator! NOTICE · The material in this manual is supplied without representation or warranty of any kind. SHARP assumes no responsibility and shall have no liability of any kind, consequential or otherwise, from the use of this material. · SHARP strongly recommends that separate permanent written records be kept of all important data. Data may be lost or altered in virtually any electronic memory product under certain circumstances. Therefore, SHARP assumes no responsibility for data lost or otherwise rendered unusable whether as a result of improper use, repairs, defects, battery replacement, use after the specified battery life has expired, or any other cause. · SHARP assumes no responsibility, directly or indirectly, for financial losses or claims from third persons resulting from the use of this product and any of its functions, the loss of or alteration of stored data, etc. · The information provided in this manual is subject to change without notice. · Screens and keys shown in this manual may differ from the actual ones on the calculator. · Some of the accessories and optional parts described in this manual may not be available at the time you purchase this product. · Some of the accessories and optional parts described in this manual may be unavailable in some countries. · All company and/or product names are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of i their respective holders. Introduction Reversible Keyboard This calculator comes equipped with a reversible keyboard. Reverse the keyboard to select Basic Mode or Advanced Mode. Basic Mode A green background color keyboard with basic mathematical functions. This mode is suitable for learning mathematics in lower grades. ii Introduction Advanced Mode (Default mode) A blue background color keyboard with advanced mathematical functions. This mode is suitable for learning or studying mathematics in higher grades. iii Contents Caring for Your Calculator ............................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 Getting Started ..............................................................................................................2 Before Use ...................................................................................................................... 2 Using the Hard Cover ..................................................................................................... 3 Part Names and Functions ............................................................................................. 4 Main Unit ................................................................................................................. 4 Reversible Keyboard ............................................................................................... 6 Basic Key Operations ..................................................................................................... 8 Changing the Keyboard .................................................................................................. 9 Quick Run-through: Basic Mode ...................................................................................10 Chapter 2 Operating the Graphing Calculator ......................................................................... 13 Basic / Advanced Keyboard ..........................................................................................13 Basic Key Operations - Standard Calculation Keys ..................................................... 13 1. Entering numbers ............................................................................................. 14 2. Performing standard math calculations ............................................................ 15 Cursor Basics ............................................................................................................... 15 Editing Entries ..............................................................................................................17 Second Function Key .................................................................................................... 18 ALPHA Key ...................................................................................................................19 Math Function Keys ......................................................................................................20 MATH, STAT, and PRGM Menu Keys ........................................................................... 23 SETUP Menu ................................................................................................................ 24 SETUP Menu Items ......................................................................................................25 Precedence of Calculations ..........................................................................................27 Error Messages ............................................................................................................28 Resetting the Calculator ............................................................................................... 29 1. Using the reset switch ....................................................................................... 29 2. Selecting the RESET within the OPTION menu .............................................. 30 Chapter 3 Basic Calculations -- Basic Keyboard .................................................................... 31 1. Try it! ........................................................................................................................31 2. Arithmetic Keys .......................................................................................................33 3. Calculations Using Various Function Keys ............................................................. 35 4. Calculations Using MATH Menu Items ................................................................... 42 iv Contents Chapter 4 Basic Graphing Features -- Basic Keyboard ......................................................... 50 1. Try it! ........................................................................................................................50 2. Explanations of Various Graphing Keys ................................................................. 52 3. Other Useful Graphing Features ............................................................................. 58 Substitution feature ............................................................................................... 63 Chapter 5 Advanced Calculations -- Advanced Keyboard .................................................... 66 1. Try it! ........................................................................................................................66 2. Various Calculation Keys ........................................................................................ 67 3. Calculations Using MATH Menu ............................................................................. 70 4. More Variables: Single Value Variables and LIST Variables ................................... 80 5. TOOL Menu .............................................................................................................81 6. SETUP Menu .......................................................................................................... 83 Chapter 6 Advanced Graphing Features -- Advanced Keyboard .......................................... 84 1. Try it! ........................................................................................................................84 2. Graphing Parametric Equations .............................................................................. 87 3. Polar Graphing ........................................................................................................ 88 4. Graphing Sequences .............................................................................................. 89 5. The CALC Function ................................................................................................93 6. Format Setting ........................................................................................................ 95 7. Zoom Functions ......................................................................................................96 8. Setting a Window .................................................................................................... 98 9. Tables ...................................................................................................................... 99 10. The DRAW Function ............................................................................................. 102 11. Substitution Feature ..............................................................................................114 Chapter 7 SLIDE SHOW Feature .............................................................................................. 115 1. Try it! ..................................................................................................................... 115 2. The SLIDE SHOW menu ...................................................................................... 118 Chapter 8 Matrix Features ........................................................................................................ 120 1. Try it! ..................................................................................................................... 120 2. Entering and Viewing a Matrix ............................................................................. 122 Editing keys and functions ..................................................................................123 3. Normal Matrix Operations ..................................................................................... 124 4. Special Matrix Operations ........................................ ...