User manual SIEMENS DESIGO LONWORKS NETWORKS

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CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 Building Technologies 2 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 Table of contents 1 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 4 4.1 4.2 5 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.2 6 7 8 About this document .................................................. 4 Revision history ............................................................. 4 Before you start ............................................................. 4 Trademarks ................................................................... 4 Copyright ....................................................................... 5 Quality assurance.......................................................... 5 Use of documents / Request to the reader ................... 6 Introduction / Background ......................................... 7 Target ............................................................................ 7 Scope ............................................................................ 7 Target readers............................................................... 7 Glossary ........................................................................ 8 Principles ..................................................................... 9 Main characteristics....................................................... 9 Influencing factors ......................................................... 9 Topology guidelines ...................................................... 9 Bus termination guidelines .......................................... 10 Cable length guidelines ............................................... 11 Guidelines on the number of bus subscribers ............. 12 Empirical design values ........................................... 15 Free topology .............................................................. 15 Line topology ............................................................... 16 Topologies ................................................................. 17 Physical ....................................................................... 17 Free topology .............................................................. 17 Line topology ............................................................... 17 Logical ......................................................................... 18 Installation guidelines............................................... 19 Checklist for handover of the installation .............. 20 Troubleshooting ........................................................ 24 3 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Teble of contents CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 1 1.1 Version _01 Date 03.2007 About this document Revision history Changes LON replaced with "LONWORKS" New section Cable length Deleted: Recommended devices Added: ConCab cable Admissible cable types Section 1 3.2.3 3.2.4 4, 5 6 Pages 11 12 15, 16, 17 19 First edition 06.2003 1.2 1.2.1 Before you start Trademarks The table below lists the trademarks used in this document and their lawful owners. The use of these trademarks is subject to international and national statutory provisions. Trademark BACnetTM LonLinkTM, LON®, LonManager® , LONMARK® , LonTalk® LONWORKS® Neuron® Statutory owner American National Standard (ANSI/ASHRAE 135-1995) Echelon Corporation Echelon Corporation All the product names listed in the table are trademarks (TM) or registered trademarks (®) of their respective owners, as specified in the table. Further to the notes in this section, and to facilitate the reading of the text, these trademarks will not be indicated (e.g. by use of symbols such as ® or TM) elsewhere in the text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks About this document CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 1.2.2 Copyright This document may be duplicated and distributed only with the express permission of Siemens and may be passed only to authorized persons/companies with the required technical knowledge. 1.2.3 Quality assurance These documents have been prepared with great care. The contents of all documents are checked at regular intervals. All the necessary corrections are included in subsequent versions. Documents are automatically amended as a consequence of modifications and corrections to the products described. Please ensure that you are aware of the latest revision date of the documentation. If you find any lack of clarity while using this document, or if you have any criticisms or suggestions, please contact the product manager in your nearest branch office, or write directly to the support team at Headquarters in Zug (see below). Support address: Siemens Switzerland Ltd. Building Technologies Group International Headquarters Field Support 5500 Gubelstrasse 22 6301 Zug, Switzerland Tel +41 41 724 5500 Fax: +41 41 724 5501 E-mail: fieldsupport-zug.ch.sbt@siemens.com . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks About this document CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 1.2.4 Use of documents / Request to the reader Before using our products, it is important that you read the documents supplied with or ordered at the same time as the products (equipment, applications, tools etc.) carefully and in full. More information on the products and applications (e.g. system descriptions etc.) is available via the Internet/intranet at https://intranet.sbt.siemens.com/desigo-field/en/pro/pro_roo.asp. We assume that the users of these products and documents have the appropriate authorization and training, and that they are in possession of the technical knowledge necessary to use the products in accordance with their intended application. Should there still be a lack of clarity or other problems associated with the use of the documentation, please do not hesitate to contact the Product Manager at your nearest branch office, or get in touch directly with the support team. E-mail: fieldsupport-zug.ch.sbt@siemens.com Please note that without prejudice to your statutory rights, Siemens accepts no liability for any losses resulting from non-observance or improper observance of the points referred to above. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks About this document CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 2 · · · · · Introduction / Background The following is a list of some common mistakes associated with the physical installation of LONWORKS networks: Incorrect bus terminators (wrong position or value) Use of the wrong cables Loose connections (inadequate contact) Max. cable length exceeded Incorrect routing of cables (e.g. parallel to the power cables of variable speed drives, causing EMC problems) · Incorrect topology · Incomplete or inadequate project documentation With simple guidelines and check lists, these errors can be avoided. 2.1 Target The overall aim is to prevent problems from arising, through proper planning and correct physical installation of the LONWORKS networks. 2.2 Scope This document does not go into engineering, commissioning and maintenance procedures. The information which follows applies to LONWORKS networks communicating at 78 Kbps (kilobits per second). LONWORKS networks at 1.25 Mbps are not dealt with here. 2.3 Target readers This document is primarily intended for commissioning and service engineers and other engineering and sales personnel. To keep later additional costs as low as possible, it is important, even in the sales phase, to take account of the relevant constraints. 7 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Introduction / Background CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 2.4 Term Router Glossary Description Routers filter data packets. They only forward packets for which there is a destination device at the other end of the router. The filtering process is based on information from the Network Layer. Routers have to be configured. Gateway Gateways operate at the Application Layer. They perform the conversion from one application protocol to another, e.g. from LONMARK to BACnet. There are other gateways that keep the same application protocol, e.g. LONMARK to LONMARK (RXZ03.1 point coupler). Gateways have to be engineered. Bus repeater Repeaters regenerate the electrical or optical signal. They are not responsible for packet filtering. LONWORKS distinguishes between: ­ Physical repeaters Straightforward conditioning of the electrical signal only (without neuron chip) ­ Logical repeaters Electrical and logical signal conditioning (timing and checksum) 8 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Introduction / Background CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 3 Principles For the principles in detail, and guidance on the planning and installation of LONWORKS networks please refer to the relevant installation guides. DESIGO RXC: DESIGO PX: CA110334 Installation guide CA110396, Mounting and installation guide . . . 3.1 · · · · Main characteristics Topology (line or free) Transceiver type (FFT10 or LPT10) relevant for bus supply Number of bus subscribers (nodes) Type of supply. Some third-party devices do not use the same voltages as the Siemens devices, and will require an additional transformer. 3.2 Influencing factors The characteristics of the network are influenced by the factors detailed below. 3.2.1 Topology guidelines The bus topology is determined by the required cable lengths and the structure of the building. 01890en Main bus cable Stubs Building structure Length of stubs from the main bus cables: 9 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Principles CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 <3m >3m Notes Line topology Freie Topologie In RXC systems, the bus stub is often connected to the room unit. We recommend that this should only be done in cases where access to the LONWORKS network is absolutely essential. The extra cable length must be taken into account. · Frequently this results in stubs of more than 3 m, necessitating a free topology. · These additional cables are also susceptible to EMI (they act as antennae for interference). 3.2.2 Bus termination guidelines · Line topology 2 bus terminators, 105 each (RXZ02.1) at each end of the network. · Free topology 1 bus terminator, 520 (RXZ01.1) at the key point in the network. Note System devices (repeaters and routers) often have a built-in bus terminator with a resistance selector. 10 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Principles CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 3.2.3 Cable length guidelines When deciding on the topology, relevant factors are the maximum cable length and the maximum distance between two bus subscribers. Various tested cable types are suitable. For details refer to the RXC installation guide, document CA110334. Cable length Cable type Max. Max. cable length (including cables to room units) 450 m 450 m 500 m 500 m 500 m FTT only 900 m 900 m 900 m 1400 m 2700 m Max. distance between two devices (nodes) 250 m 250 m 320 m 400 m 500 m FTT & LPT No info No info 750 m 1150 m 2200 m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ _ _ Free topology Category 5 ConCab JY(St)Y 2x2x0.8 Level IV Belden 8471 Line topology Category 5 ConCab JY(St)Y 2x2x0.8 Level IV Belden 8471 If shielded cable is used, the shield must be capacitively earthed (connected to ground) at least once per segment. In the event of a high level of interference, this may be required at each node. For details refer to the RXC installation guide, document CA110334. If LPT-10 nodes (QAX5..) and bus power supply are used, the DC power consumption of the LPT nodes must be taken account of when designing the cable length and cross section (line resistance). For details refer to the RXC installation guide, document CA110334. The cable length can be doubled by use of a physical repeater. STOP Caution No more than 1 physical repeater may be connected in series. 01891 max. cable length Physical Repeater max. cable length 11 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Principles CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 3.2.4 Guidelines on the number of bus subscribers The relevant factor here is the number of bus subscribers per physical segment or channel. A physical segment is a continuous section of the LONWORKS network, uninterrupted by repeaters, routers or gateways. The number of bus subscribers per physical segment can be calculated using the following formula: (Number of bus subscribers with LPT10 transceivers) + (2 * number of bus subscribers with FTT10 transceivers) 128 Note Rather than connecting the maximum load to the segments, we recommend the inclusion of a spare capacity of 20% in the calculation. · · DESIGO PX · RXC... & RXZ03 QAX50 and QAX51 PXC... & PXM20 FTT10 transceiver LPT10 transceiver FTT10 transceiver DESIGO RXC As most bus subscribers are fitted with FTT10 Transceivers, the approximate numbers are as follows: · = 64 bus subscribers per LONWORKS network No repeaters required 01892 1 2 63 64 · 64 128 bus subscribers per LONWORKS network Use one physical repeater and divide the LONWORKS network into two physical segments with 64 bus subscribers each. Physical Repeater 1 64 85 01893 128 If heavy local bus traffic is anticipated in both segments, then instead of the physical repeater, a LONWORKS router or an LSwitch (LonTalk switch supplied by Loytec) should be used. 12 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Principles CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 · 128 256 bus subscribers per LONWORKS network Subdivide the network with LONWORKS router or L-switch. Different variants are used, depending on the traffic on the bus: a) Bus load distributed evenly over all segments: Router / L-Switch 1 64 85 128 Router / L-Switch 129 192 Router / L-Switch 193 01894 256 b) Backbone with heavy bus traffic Application with master device or integration: Master Device Router / L-Switch 1 Router / L-Switch 65 Router / L-Switch 129 Router / L-Switch 193 256 192 128 64 01895 Note Caution The appropriate bus terminators are required for each physical segment. LONWORKS routers and logical repeaters cannot be used for DESIGO PX, as the buffers are too small for BACnet messages. Physical repeaters and L-switches can be used. Wherever possible, the BACnet router, type code PXG80-N, should be used. · FTT10 transceivers only No additional bus supply required · With LPT10 Bus power supply required When the LONWORKS network is divided up by repeaters, routers or L-switches, a bus power supply is required in every physical segment having an LPT10 transceiver. STOP Transceiver type and bus supply STOP Caution Bus power supplies have a built-in bus terminator, normally with scope to switch between 520 and 105 . 13 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Principles CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 Number of LONMARK devices per PXR · PXR11 · PXR12 60 devices (RXC and third-party LONMARK) 120 devices (RXC and third-party LONMARK) _ _ _ The quantities shown are deliberately smaller than the multiple of the maximum number of bus subscribers per physical segment. Routers, PC-based tools and the PXR itself are also bus subscribers. 14 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Principles CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 4 4.1 Activity Max. cable length for Category 5 cable or ConCab Empirical design values Free topology Recommendation 250 m Practical experience and comments The actual cable length is difficult to estimate. The maximum length of 450 m is subject to an ideal installation in compliance with all the regulations (see Section 6). . . . Regulations 450 m Clearance between two furthest nodes Location of bus terminators 1 x 52 1 x RXZ01.1 250 m 250 m This limitation is often forgotten. This varies from project to project and there is not always an ideal location (e.g. bus power supply with builtin termination) At key point in the network Locate at the point where data traffic is at its highest Number of bus subscribers per physical segment Number of nodes per LONWORKS network 64 (FTT10) Formula as in 3.2.4) 32,385 RXC: 50 (20% spare) PX: 30 (performance) RXC: 240 (trunk limit) PX: 30 (performance) This ensures that there is enough space for the toolPC, repeaters and routers. Larger networks must be divided up by gateways (PXR) or BACnet routers (PXG80-N). The master device is subject to the heaviest data traffic Locate centrally, if possible. Location of the master device (PXR, NIDES.RX) No regulations At key point in the network 15 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Empirical design values CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 4.2 Activity Max. cable length for Category 5 cable or ConCab Clearance between two furthest nodes Location of bus terminators 2 x 105 2 x RXZ02.1 Number of devices per physical segment Number of devices per LONWORKS network Location of the master device (PXR, NIDES.RX) Length of stubs 3m Line topology Recommendation 900 m Experience No problem, if cabling is in accordance with regulations. However, the actual cable length is difficult to estimate. Regulations 900 m . . . 900 m Both ends 900 m Both ends 64 32,385 RXC: 50 (20% spare) PX: 30 (performance) RX: 240 (trunk limit) PX: 30 (performance) in the middle This ensures that there is enough space for the toolPC, repeaters and routers. Larger networks must be divided up by gateways (PXR) or BACnet routers (PXG80-N). 3m RXC controllers are normally further away from stubs (in fan-coil units, in VAV box, etc.), and a free topology is therefore required. 16 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Empirical design values CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 5 5.1 5.1.1 · · Topologies Physical Free topology . . . Location of master device and bus terminator Cable length and distance apart for Category 5 or ConCab cables. max. 450m 01896 RXZ01.1 PXR RXZ01.1 RXC RXC RXC RXC RXC RXC RXC QAX RXC RXC max. 250m 5.1.2 · · Line topology . . . 01897 Location of master device and bus terminator Cable length for Category 5 or ConCab cables. max. 900m RXZ02.1 max. 3m RXZ02.1 RXZ02.1 PXR RXZ02.1 max. 3m RXC RXC RXC RXC RXC max. 3m QAX RXC max. 900m 17 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Topologies CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 5.2 Logical Hierarchical layout of a LONWORKS network (DESIGO RXC application) Trunk Gateway Trunk Segment LonWorks Router Segment LonWorks Router Segment 01898 Physical Segment Physical Segment Physical Segment Physical Segment Physical Segment Explanation: Trunk In the DESIGO system, a field level network is divided into "trunks". Trunks are connected by gateways (RXZ03.1). One trunk is equivalent to one DESIGO RXC project. Segments arise when a trunk is divided up by LONWORKS routers. The LONWORKS devices are connected to a physical segment. A segment can be divided with a physical repeater into several physical segments. Segment Physical Segment Logical network topology (DESIGO RXC application with integration via PXR) Physical segment Physical segment 01899en Physical Repeater PXR Trunk PXR Trunk LonWorks Router Segment Segment RXZ03.1 RXC RXC RXC Segment RXC RXC RXC LonWorks Router Segment RXC RXC RXC 18 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Topologies CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 6 Cable type Installation guidelines . . . . . Requirements when installing DESIGO systems: · Only validated cables may be used. (e.g. ConCab or Category 5). For a detailed list, refer to the RXC installation guide, document CA11034. · Bus cables must not be routed parallel with power cables (e.g. of variable speed drives or stepper motors). · Do not bundle bus and (AC 230V) power cables by use of cable ties. · Check that contacts are correct and secure (check by lightly tugging the cable) · Take care to observe polarity in the case of ring cable configurations with bus power supplies. · Draw in the cable routing on the floor plan for all floors of the building. · All bus subscribers (controllers, operator units, third-party devices, repeaters, routers etc.) and bus terminators must be drawn on the floor plan. · Any deviations from the guidelines (e.g. several bus terminators) are shown and explained. · Changes must be documented. · LONWORKS routers: Configuration mode, subnets on relevant pages (report from DTS System Design and RXT) · L-Switches: Configuration mode · BACnet routers: Network number, BBMD status etc. (report from DTS System Design) · RXC controllers: Recommendation: refer to RXT report for labels · Bus termination: value and type · Bus power supply: type, and whether with or without bus terminator · The drawings must be accessible on site Recommendation: Pass documents to the building operator, with an additional copy in control panel. Cable routing Connection / Terminals Documentation / Labeling Labeling on floor plan Storage of documentation 19 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Installation guidelines CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 7 Checklist for handover of the installation Objective: To ensure quality and to check that installation guidelines have been observed. To establish clarity with subcontractors in the event of liability. The following points can be used as a basis for a handover report. Documentary evidence · · · Is the documentation available? Is the bus routing visible? Are the bus subscribers shown? Yes / No Yes / Partially / No Yes (all) / Some / No Documentation verification · · Do theory and practice match? Yes/Partially/No Every bus terminator on the diagram must be checked in the installation: ­ Is the bus terminator in the correct location? ­ Is it the correct value? 1st bus terminator Correct location: Yes/No 2nd bus terminator Correct location: Yes/No nth bus terminatorn Correct location: Yes/No Type: RXZ01.1 RXZ02.1 Other.. Type: RXZ01.1 RXZ02.1 Other.. Type: RXZ01.1 RXZ02.1 Other.. 20 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Checklist for handover of the installation CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 · Random sample to check equipment labeling 1st sample Device type RXC PX.. Repeater Router Device type RXC PX.. Repeater Router Device type RXC PX.. Repeater Router · Check the quality of the bus wiring ­ Check wiring with help of link power DC voltage Connect bus power supply and measure voltage at nodes. For nodes with LPT10 transceivers, the DC voltage should be between 38.5V and 42.6V. 1st node with LPT10: DC voltage: 2nd node with LPT10: DC voltage: nth node with LPT10: DC voltage: ___VDC ___VDC ___VDC Correctly labeled: Yes/No 2nd sample Correctly labeled: Yes/No n sample th Correctly labeled: Yes/No In the absence of a bus power supply, a DC source (battery or DC power supply unit) may be used. The voltage must not exceed the bus power supply range (<42.6V). LONWORKS communications are not possible while the external power supply is connected. ­ Measure the signal level The signal level (peak-to-peak value) in each physical segment must be 1.2 Vpp ± 0.4 V. Note In the case of the RXC controllers, bus traffic can be generated with special application S0003. In the case of the PX automation stations, the PXM20 can be used for navigation in order to generate bus traffic as required. 21 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Checklist for handover of the installation CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 The signal voltage and shape can be measured and plotted with a cathode-ray oscilloscope in AC mode. Do not connect either a tool, or a LONWORKS analyzer while measurement is in progress. 1st segment: 2nd segment: th n segment: Signal level: Signal level: Signal level: ___Vpp ___Vpp ___Vpp ­ Signal shape Correct signal shape: The signal level is constant throughout packet transmission, and is within the tolerance band (0.8V to 1.6V). The noise level is low. There is a large gap between the signal level and noise level. These are optimum conditions for error-free communications. 22 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Checklist for handover of the installation CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 Distorted signal: The signal level is distorted during packet transmission and is below the 0.8V limit value. Error-free communications cannot be guaranteed. Variable speed drives, for example, are a possible cause of this kind of interference. STOP Caution Do not use if the signal level or signal shape are not correct. 23 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Checklist for handover of the installation CA110335en_01 30.03.2007 8 Signal level too low Troubleshooting · Wrong bus terminator (e.g. RXZ01.1 instead of RXZ02.1) · Too many bus terminators (e.g. the built-in bus terminator in a repeater or in a bus power supply may have been forgotten) · A high-level signal indicates signal reflections or that there is no bus terminator or the wrong bus terminator. · Bus terminator in wrong place Find the key point in the network by trial and error · Faulty bus power supply Disconnect the LONWORKS network from the bus power supply and measure the no-load voltage of the bus power supply (38.5V to 42.6V DC). · Cables too long, or cross-section too small. Failure to observe the installation guidelines or cable type specification Connect an additional repeater and another bus power supply Important note: Only one bus power supply may be connected per physical segment · Load too high (max. 20 QAX5.. units per Siemens bus power supply); remember to include any third-party devices with LPT10 transceivers Connect an additional repeater and another bus power supply. Important note: Only one bus power supply may be connected per physical segment · Bus power supply unit is non-existent, disabled or faulty. · Reverse polarity (in ring cable configurations) · The DC voltage is not transmitted across repeaters or routers. A bus power supply must be used for each physical segment with an LPT10 transceiver. Signal level (too) high Link Power DC voltage too low Link Power DC voltage = 0V Siemens Schweiz AG Building Technologies Group International Headquarters Gubelstrasse 22 CH-6301 Zug Tel. +41 41-724 24 24 Fax +41 41-724 35 22 www.siemens.com/sbt 24 / 24 Siemens Building Technologies LonWorks networks Troubleshooting © 2003 - 2007 Siemens Switzerland Ltd. Subject to change CA110335en_01 30.03.2007