ERD Commander 2000 User's Guide Winternals Software LP 3101 Bee Caves Road, Suite 150 Austin, Texas 78746 (512) 330-9130 (512) 330-9131 Fax www.winternals.com Copyright © 2002 Winternals Software LP ERD Commander 2000 Table of Contents 1 2 3 Introduction................................................................................... 1 Overview of Use............................................................................ 2 ERD Commander 2000 Setup ...................................................... 4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Requirements ................................................................................4 Setup Overview..............................................................................5 Installation Media ...........................................................................5 Installation Files .............................................................................7 FAT32 Support ..............................................................................8 Service Pack Upgrade ...................................................................9 OEM Drivers ................................................................................10 Password Protection ....................................................................11 File Installation.............................................................................12 4 Starting ERD Commander 2000................................................. 16 4.1 4.2 Booting Up ...................................................................................16 Sample Screen ............................................................................16 5 The Command-line Environment .............................................. 17 5.1 5.2 Overview......................................................................................17 Command-line Editing..................................................................18 6 The Command Set ...................................................................... 19 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 ACCESS ......................................................................................22 ATTRIB........................................................................................23 BATCH ........................................................................................23 CD/CHDIR ...................................................................................24 CHKDSK......................................................................................24 CLS..............................................................................................24 COMPRESS ................................................................................25 COPY ..........................................................................................26 DEL/ERASE.................................................................................27 DEVICE .......................................................................................28 DIR ..............................................................................................29 EDIT.............................................................................................30 EXIT/QUIT ...................................................................................30 EXPAND ......................................................................................31 FTDISK ........................................................................................31 HELP ...........................................................................................31 KEYBOARD .................................................................................32 LOGFILE......................................................................................32 MAP .............................................................................................33 Page i Winternals Software LP ERD Commander 2000 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 6.26 6.27 6.28 6.29 6.30 6.31 6.32 MKDIR/MD...................................................................................34 MORE ..........................................................................................34 MOVE ..........................................................................................34 PASSWORD ................................................................................35 REG/REGEDIT ............................................................................36 REGISTRY/REGLOAD ................................................................37 RENAME/REN .............................................................................37 RESTORE....................................................................................38 RMDIR/RD ...................................................................................39 SERVICE .....................................................................................39 TYPE ...........................................................................................40 VERSION/VER ............................................................................40 XCOPY ........................................................................................41 7 8 Troubleshooting ......................................................................... 42 Technical Support ...................................................................... 43 Appendix: Creating a Golden Hawk Bootable CD-ROM................ 44 Winternals Software LP Page ii ERD Commander 2000 1 Introduction When problems arise in Windows 3.1 or Windows 95 that render a system unbootable, there is always the possibility of booting off of a DOS floppy disk so that the drives of the machine can be accessed for repair and salvage. This boot-floppy approach to system recovery is often the only way to correct problems that even "automatic" system repair utilities fail to correct. Previously, Windows NT/2000 administrators went without this recovery option. Now, ERD Commander 2000 brings boot functionality to unbootable Windows NT and Windows 2000 systems. ERD Commander 2000 enables you to boot Windows NT/2000 not only from a set of floppy disks, but also from a CD-ROM or from the system's hard disk in order to access and repair a damaged or dead NT/2000 installation. It is a command-line shell that provides you with full access to non-bootable systems with a set of familiar command-line file manipulation tools. Any Windows NT/2000 system is accessible with ERD Commander 2000, and all file systems ­ including FAT, NTFS, and CDFS ­ are visible. Note that ERD Commander 2000 does not rely on data located on a system's hard disk for it to boot and run ­ Windows NT/2000 can actually be booted from floppies or CD-ROM. The operating system does not even have to be present on the computer in order to use ERD Commander 2000 to access the machine's drives. Winternals Software LP Page 1 ERD Commander 2000 2 Overview of Use ERD Commander 2000 can be used as a tool in solving problems such as: Enabling and Disabling Services and Drivers You can list and modify the start types of a system's drivers and services with ERD Commander 2000. This makes it easy to disable a driver or service that, because of a bug or misconfiguration, is preventing a system from booting. Editing Registry Keys A number of Windows NT/2000 boot problems are the result of misconfigured Registry values. ERD Commander 2000 will let you search and edit the entire HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM registry tree. Updating Out-of-Date System Files Incorrectly applying service packs or system software updates can cause system DLLs to become out of sync with each other. In many cases this can prevent Windows NT/2000 from booting successfully. ERD Commander 2000 can copy up-to-date versions of old files from floppy disks or CD-ROMs onto a system. Correcting Misconfigured NTFS Security If security attributes that are too restrictive are applied to certain system files or directories on NTFS boot drives, Windows NT/2000 will become unbootable. ERD Commander 2000 includes a special command, ACCESS, which unlocks otherwise inaccessible files or directories so that Windows NT/2000 can access them. Updating Locked Files Once Windows NT/2000 is up-and-running many system files cannot be replaced because the system keeps them locked. ERD Commander 2000 makes it possible to update such files because it runs when Windows NT/2000 is off-line and the files are not open. Winternals Software LP Page 2 ERD Commander 2000 Regaining Access to a System That You've Been Locked Out Of ERD Commander 2000 allows you to list the accounts for a Windows NT/2000 system and to change their passwords, including Administrator accounts. Copying Important Files off of a Dead System Compress and copy important files into CAB files for transfer to another system by floppy disk or other removable media using ERD Commander 2000. Extracting Compressed Files ERD Commander 2000 makes it possible to extract compressed files on a Windows NT/2000 distribution CD to a hard drive from within the ERD Commander 2000 program. Running CHKDSK on Corrupt Drives Consistency-check and repair hard drives using the CHKDSK command under ERD Commander 2000. Supporting FAT32 Drives ERD Commander 2000 includes built-in support for FAT32 drives, allowing access to data on Windows 98 disks in a dual-boot system. Note that ERD Commander 2000 is not intended to resolve disk corruption errors other than those correctable with CHKDSK. Only drives that are consistent enough to be recognized by Windows NT/2000 file systems will be accessible with ERD Commander 2000. Winternals Software LP Page 3 ERD Commander 2000 3 ERD Commander 2000 Setup 3.1 Requirements ERD Commander 2000 can be configured to boot from a set of floppy disks, from a CD-ROM (which you burn yourself), or from the system's hard disk. All three types of ERD Commander 2000 installations require the Microsoft Windows NT© 4.0/2000 installation CD-ROM (Server or Workstation). A Windows NT/2000 system with a diskette drive and approximately 1MB of hard disk space are also required. Additionally, you must have local administrator access to the machine on which you are installing ERD Commander 2000. If you choose to create a set of boot diskettes, you will need four blank formatted 1.44MB floppy diskettes if you are creating an installation for Windows NT 4.0. If you are creating an installation for Windows 2000, you will need five blank formatted 1.44MB floppy diskettes. If you choose to create a bootable CD-ROM you will need a CD-Writer and appropriate CD-ROM burning software. The software must support the creation of bootable CD-ROMs that use a Custom boot record. (One choice is Golden Hawk's CRDWIN: www.goldenhawk.com). Winternals Software LP Page 4 ERD Commander 2000 3.2 Setup Overview You build an ERD Commander 2000 installation by running the ERD Commander 2000 Setup Wizard, which guides you through the setup process. (See Figure 3-1) Figure 3-1 3.3 Installation Media The ERD Commander 2000 Setup Wizard will prompt you for your preferred installation method. If you elect to boot from floppy disks you will require four blank diskettes if you are creating an installation for Windows NT 4.0, and five blank diskettes if you are creating an installation for Windows 2000. You can also elect to create a bootable CD-ROM. In order to use this option you must have a CD-Writer and appropriate CD-ROM burning software. The software must support the creation of bootable CD-ROMs that use a Custom boot record. (One choice is Golden Hawk's CRDWIN: Winternals Software LP Page 5 ERD Commander 2000 www.goldenhawk.com). Creating a bootable CD-ROM will allow you to boot ERD Commander 2000 more quickly than when booting from floppy disks. It is also a convenient means of creating a disaster recovery CD-ROM on which you can place system images or other files that you might want to use to recover or restore a system. Finally, you can install ERD Commander 2000 directly on the hard disk of a system. When installed on the hard disk, you will have the option to run ERD Commander 2000 each time your system boots (an entry for it is added to your BOOT.INI file). (See Figure 3-2) Figure 3-2 Winternals Software LP Page 6 ERD Commander 2000 3.4 Installation Files ERD Commander 2000 requires files that are shipped as part of the Windows NT 4.0 or Windows 2000 installation CD-ROM. You must provide the path to the \I386 directory of the installation CD-ROM, or a directory containing these files. (See Figure 3-3) If you intend to use ERD Commander 2000 to repair systems running Windows NT 4.0 you should use a Windows NT 4.0 installation CD-ROM. If you intend to use ERD Commander 2000 to repair systems running Windows 2000 you should use a Windows 2000 installation CD-R ...