User manual YAESU FT DX 9000D

FTDX9000D Operation Manual GENERAL DESCRIPTION We wish to take this opportunity to thank you for your purchase of the FT DX 9000D Transceiver! The FT DX 9000D is the culmination of a four-year design project. But it also is the product of our company's fifty years of engineering, design, and manufacturing know how. As pioneers in the development of SSB, we have led the technological advances in Amateur Radio communications over the last half century. And now, with the introduction of the FT DX 9000D, we again lead the way with a no-compromise 21st-century design that will make your operating dreams come true. More importantly, it is a radio that will let your skills and experience find expression, as you harness the excitement of HF operating like you've never done before! ABOUT THIS MANUAL. . . The FT DX 9000D is a leading-edge transceiver with a number of new and exciting features, some of which may be unfamiliar to you. In order to gain the most enjoyment and operating efficiency from your FT DX 9000D, we recommend that you read this manual in its entirety, and keep it handy for reference as you explore the many capabilities of your new transceiver. Before using your FT DX 9000D, be sure to read and follow the instructions in the "Before You Begin" section of this manual. CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL Please note the conventions, described below, for operational commands and texts included in this manual. (# ) ..... This refers to a switch or knob used for controlling a particular function. The name or number inside the brackets designate the name of the switch/knob, or its reference number within this manual .............. This is the name of a switch or knob. [ ] .............. This indicates one of the [F1] ~ [F8] "Soft Keys" below the TFT display. XX ........... In the texts, you may be advised to press a button momentarily, or press and hold it in for a time interval (such as two seconds). Please be sure to observe the proper procedure when pressing a button. OO ........... This indicates the pressing of a button when a "momentary" press is the only selection available. Note ......................................... This is used for a note as to a particular point of interest. Advice ..................................... This is used to amplify or expand on instructions, so as to recommend a way to gain maximum benefit from a feature or function. Example .................................. This is used to demonstrate an example of how a feature or function should work or be programmed. Quick Note / Quick Point This is used for a brief explanation of a particular aspect of operation. Terminology ........................... An explanation of a term or expression used in this manual. ABOUT THE TFT DISPLAY In the FT DX 9000 Series, a large 6.5" (800 x 480 dot) TFT is built into the FT DX 9000D version, and is optional on other versions. Please see the separate TFT Operation Manual for details regarding TFT operation. H The TFT is a precision-designed, advanced display unit. You may observe, inside the TFT panel, a black point, or a luminescent point or points; these are normal, and do not indicate a defective TFT. Please note. H If you turn on the FT DX 9000 (with the TFT) in a cold environment, or if the transceiver itself is very cold, it may require several minutes for the TFT to warm up to full brilliance of color and full illumination. This is a normal condition, and does not indicate a breakdown. H There may be times when the TFT display illumination appears not to be uniform, but this is a normal condition. This device is designed for Amateur Radio operation only. Operation on the Amateur Radio bands requires a license, in accordance with the telecommunications statutes in your country. The discussions in this manual presume that you possess the fundamental knowledge consistent with your status as a licensed Amateur Radio operator. FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS General Description ........................................... 1 About This Manual. . . ........................................................................ 1 Conventions Used in This Manual ...................................................... 1 About the TFT Display ........................................................................ 1 More Frequency Navigation Techniques .......................................... 57 ANTENNA SELECTION .................................................................. 58 Changing the Speaker Output Configuration ................................... 59 Receiver Operation (Front End Block Diagram) .............................. 60 IPO (Intercept Point Optimization) ................................................... 61 ATT .................................................................................................... 62 RF Gain (SSB/CW/AM Modes) ....................................................... 63 Before You Begin. . . ........................................... 4 1. Connecting AC Power ..................................................................... 4 2. Setting Your Local Time ................................................................. 4 3. Configuring Your FT DX 9000 Using the Menu ............................ 4 4. Connecting and Selecting the Microphone ..................................... 5 5. Extending the Front Feet ................................................................. 5 6. Adjusting the Main Dial Torque ..................................................... 6 7. Restarting Power after a Voltage Fluctuation .................................. 6 8. Resetting the Microprocessor .......................................................... 7 Resetting Memories (Only) .......................................................... 7 Menu Resetting ............................................................................ 7 Full Reset ...................................................................................... 7 Advanced InterferenceSuppression Features ................... 64 Using the µ-Tune Feature .................................................................. 64 Using the VRF (Variable RF Front-end Filter) ................................. 66 Interference Rejection ...................................... 67 R.FLT (Roofing Filters) ..................................................................... 67 CONT (Contour) Control Operation ................................................. 68 IF SHIFT Operation (SSB/CW/RTTY/PKT/AM Modes) ................. 69 WIDTH (IF DSP Bandwidth) Tuning (SSB/CW/RTTY/PKT Modes) ........................ 70 Using IF Shift and Width Together ............................................ 70 IF Notch Filter Operation (SSB/CW/RTTY/PKT/AM Modes) ........ 71 Digital Noise Reduction (DNR) Operation ....................................... 72 NARROW (NAR) One-Touch IF Filter Selection ............................ 73 Digital Notch Filter (DNF) Operation ............................................... 74 IF Noise Blanker (NB) Operation ..................................................... 74 Features .............................................................. 8 Accessories ...................................................... 10 Options .............................................................. 11 Installation and Interconnections .................... 12 Antenna Considerations .................................................................... 12 About Coaxial Cable ......................................................................... 12 Grounding .......................................................................................... 13 Connection of Antenna and Power Cables ........................................ 14 Connection of Microphone, Headphones and FH-2 Remote Control Keypad ............. 15 Key, Keyer, and Computer-Driven Keying Interconnections ........... 16 VL-1000 Linear Amplifier Interconnections .................................... 17 Interfacing to Other Linear Amplifiers .............................................. 18 Tools for Comfortable and Effective Reception ................... 75 AGC (Automatic Gain Control) ........................................................ 75 SLOPED AGC Operation ........................................................... 76 Mute Feature Main (VFO-A) Band ................................................. 77 Audio Limiter (AFL) Feature ............................................................ 77 Adjacent Channel Monitor (ACM) CW Mode Only ...................... 78 Plug/Connector Pinout Diagrams ................... 19 Front Panel Controls ........................................ 20 Rear Panel ......................................................... 36 Frequency Display ............................................ 39 TFT Feature/Control Details ............................. 40 FH-2 Operation ................................................. 41 Basic Operation: Receiving on Amateur Bands ......... 42 Operation ........................................................................................... 43 Operation on 60-Meter (5 MHz) Band (U.S. version only) .............. 45 CLAR (Clarifier) Operation on Main (VFO-A) ................................ 46 LOCK ................................................................................................ 47 DIM ................................................................................................... 47 B-DISP OFF ...................................................................................... 47 SSB/AM Mode Transmission (Let's Look at the Transmitter. . .) .......... 80 Phantom Voltage for Condenser Microphones ................................. 81 Using the Automatic Antenna Tuner ............... 82 ATU Operation .................................................................................. 82 About ATU Operation ....................................................................... 83 Lithium Battery Replacement ........................................................... 84 SSB/AM Mode Transmission ........................... 86 Using the Speech Processor - SSB, AM Mode - ............................ 86 Adjusting the SSB Transmitted Bandwidth ...................................... 87 Signal Quality Enhancement Using the Parametric Microphone Equalizer ................................... 88 Low- Distortion CLASS-A Operation ............................................... 90 Voice Memory ................................................................................... 92 Convenient Transmitter Accessories .............. 94 VOX: Automatic TX/RX Switching using Voice Control SSB/AM/FM Modes ............. 94 Using the MONITOR ........................................................................ 94 Split Operation Using the TX Clarifier (VFO-A Operation) ........... 95 Clarifier Offset Bar Indicator ..................................................... 95 Split-Frequency Operation ................................................................ 96 Quick Split Operation ................................................................ 97 Full Duplex Operation ....................................................................... 98 Convenient Features ........................................ 48 Dual Receive ..................................................................................... 48 P.BACK (Audio Playback) from Main (VFO-A) Receiver .............. 52 "MY Bands" Operation ..................................................................... 53 Band Stack Operation ....................................................................... 54 Dial Swap Configuration (AF/RF GAIN controls) ........................... 55 C.S (Custom Switch) ......................................................................... 56 Page 2 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS CW Mode Operation ....................................... 100 Setup for Straight Key (and Straight Key emulation) Operation .... 100 Using the Built-in Electronic Keyer ................................................ 101 Full Break-in (QSK) Operation ....................................................... 101 Setting the Keyer Weight (Dot/Space:Dash ) Ratio ........................ 102 Selecting the Keyer Operating Mode .............................................. 102 Memory Operation .......................................... 115 Memory Storage .............................................................................. 115 Memory Channel Recall .................................................................. 115 Checking a Memory Channel's Status ..................................... 116 Erasing Memory Channel Data ....................................................... 116 Moving Memory Data to the Main (VFO-A) Band ........................ 117 Memory Tune Operation .......................................................... 117 Operation on Alaska Emergency Frequency: 5167.5 kHz (U.S. Version Only) ............. 118 Operation on the 60-Meter Band (U.S. Version) ............................ 119 CW Convenience Features ............................ 103 CW Spotting (Zero-Beating) ........................................................... 103 Using CW Reverse .......................................................................... 104 CW Delay Time Setting .................................................................. 105 CW Pitch Adjustment ...................................................................... 105 Contest Memory Keyer ................................................................... 106 Message Memory ..................................................................... 106 TEXT Memory ......................................................................... 108 VFO and Memory Scanning ........................... 120 VFO Scanning ................................................................................. 120 Memory Scan .................................................................................. 120 PMS ................................................................. 121 Packet Operation ............................................ 122 RTTY (Radio TeleType) Operation ................. 123 Miscellaneous AFSK-based Data Modes ...... 124 Menu Mode ..................................................... 126 Using the Menu ............................................................................... 126 Menu Mode Reset .................................................................... 126 Menu Mode Setting Table ............................................................... 127 Menu Mode Setting ......................................................................... 131 FM Mode Operation ........................................ 110 Operation ................................................................... 110 Repeater Operation .................................................... 111 Convenient Memory Functions ..................... 112 QMB (Quick Memory Bank) ........................... 113 QMB Channel Storage .................................................................... 113 QMB Channel Recall ...................................................................... 113 Memory Groups .............................................. 114 Memory Group Assignment ............................................................ 114 Choosing the Desired Memory Group ............................................ 114 Specifications ................................................. 148 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 3 Before You Begin. . . 1. Connecting AC Power There are two power switches on this transceiver, one each on the rear and front panels. If the rear panel's Power switch is not turned on, the front panel Power switch will not function. Ì Push the rear panel's Power switch to the I position to apply power from the power supply to the OCXO (Reference Crystal Oven) and to enable the front panel power switch. Ì Press and hold in the front panel Power switch for two seconds to turn the transceiver on. Note The opening screen will appear on the TFT display, and the self-check function of the CPU inside the radio will begin. Then, the µ-Tuning circuitry will receive the data from the CPU, and it will perform its own self-check, and will preset itself to the proper settings for the current operating frequency. While the µ-Tuning circuitry is obtaining the data, the drive mechanism will move from one end of its range to the other end (fast), and this will cause a temporary "motor" noise that can be heard; this, does not represent any trouble or problem.   When the radio is turned on for the first time, it takes about 50 seconds (from turning the radio on to completing the self-check) until the radio becomes ready to use; however, from the next time you turn it on, it will take around 10 seconds until the transceiver is ready for full operation. 2. Setting Your Local Time When first turning on the FT DX 9000, be sure to set the local time to match your location's time zone. If you do not do this, several functions will not work correctly, including the World Clock, Great Circle Map, etc.; please see the appropriate section of the TFT Operating Manual for details on Local Time Setup. 3. Configuring Your FT DX 9000 Using the Menu The FT DX 9000 is configured, at the factory, with its various functions set up in a manner typical for most operation. Via the "Menu" system, you may change these settings to match the way you want your transceiver to operate. Menu programming is enabled by pressing the MNU (Menu) key momentarily. You may then rotate the Main Tuning Dial to display the desired Menu item, in the menu list, on the TFT. Each of the settings can be changed or customized via the CLAR/VFO-B knob, as you like, in this mode. Once you have made a change to the configuration of a Menu item or items, you must press and hold in the MNU (Menu) key for two seconds to save the new settings and exit to normal operation. If you wish to cancel a change to a Menu item or items, just press the MNU key momentarily. If you do not press and hold in the MNU key in for two seconds, any changes you have made will not be saved. MNU key Main Tuning Dial CLAR/VFO-B Knob Page 4 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Before You Begin. . . 4. Connecting and Selecting the Microphone The FT DX 9000D comes equipped with two microphone connectors: the front panel includes a "Cannon" (XLR) three-pin connector, while the rear panel provides an eight-pin (round) connector. As shipped from the factory, the front panel XLR connector is engaged for operation, and the rear panel 8-pin microphone jack is not connected. If you wish to enable the 8-pin connector instead of the XLR connector, use the Menu to accomplish this. Note that you may leave microphones connected to both jacks, and may select the microphone you want for operation on a particular operating mode (SSB, AM, FM, etc.), as well! Ì Press the MNU (Menu) key momentarily to enter the Menu Mode. Ì Rotate the Main Tuning Dial to select Menu Item #69, located within the "MODE SSB" group: SSB MIC SELECT. Ì Rotate the CLAR/VFO-B knob to change the setting of Menu #069 from "FRONT" to "REAR." Ì Press and hold in the MNU (Menu) key for two seconds to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. Ì In a similar manner, you may use Menu #040 (AM MIC SEL) in the MODE-AM Menu Group to select the microphone jack to be used during AM operation, and Menu #059 (FM MIC SEL) in the MODE-FM Menu Group to select the microphone to be used during FM transmission. "FRONT" Cannon (XLR) three-pin connector Main Tuning Dial CLAR/VFO-B Knob MNU key "REAR" 8-pin microphone jack 5. Extending the Front Feet In order to elevate the front panel for easy viewing, the front left and right feet of the bottom case may be extended. Ì Pull the front legs outward from the bottom panel. Ì Rotate the legs counter-clockwise to lock them in the extended position. Be sure the legs have locked securely in place, because the transceiver is quite heavy and an unlocked leg could result in damage, should the transceiver move suddenly. Retracting the Front Feet Ì Rotate the legs clockwise, and push them inward while rotating to the right. Ì The front feel should now be locked in the retracted position. EXTEND RETRACT FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 5 Before You Begin. . . 6. Adjusting the Main Dial Torque The torque (drag) of the Main Tuning Dial may be adjusted according to your preferences. Simply hold down the rear skirt of the knob, and while holding it in place rotate the Main Dial itself to the right to reduce the drag, or to the left to increase the drag. HOLD THE SKIRT TIGHTEN TOOSEN 7. Restarting Power after a Voltage Fluctuation If your AC mains power should suffer a significant fluctuation or interruption, we recommend that you go through a complete power-up cycle, in order to ensure that all circuits are properly initialized. To do this, be sure the front panel Power switch is turned off, then set the rear-panel Power switch to the "O" position. Now unplug the AC cable from the rear panel of the transceiver, and wait ten seconds. Plug the AC cable back in, set the rear-panel Power switch to "O," and now press and hold in the front-panel Power switch for two seconds to turn the transceiver on. After about 50 seconds, all circuits will be initialized, and normal operation may resume.  Page 6 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Before You Begin. . . 8. Resetting the Microprocessor Ë Resetting Memories (Only) Use this procedure to reset (clear out) the Memory channels previously stored, without affecting any configuration changes you may have made to the Menu settings. 1. Press the front panel's POWER switch to turn the transceiver off. 2. Press and hold in the A M switch; while holding it in, press and hold in the front panel's POWER switch to turn the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, you may release the A M switch. POWER switch A M switch Ë Menu Resetting Use this procedure to restore the Menu settings to their factory defaults, without affecting the memories you have programmed. 1. Press the front panel's POWER switch to turn the transceiver off. 2. Press and hold in the MNU (Menu) key; while holding it in, press and hold in the front panel's POWER switch to turn the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, you may release the MNU (Menu) key. POWER switch MNU key Ë Full Reset Use this procedure to restore all Menu and Memory settings to their original factory defaults. All Memories will be cleared out by this procedure. 1. Press the front panel's POWER switch to turn the transceiver off. 2. Press and hold in the FAST and LOCK switches; while holding them in, press and hold in the front panel's POWER switch to turn the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, you may release the other two switches. POWER switch FAST switch & LOCK switch FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 7 FEATURES Superior Visibility and Logical, Fatigue-reducing Panel Layout The front panel layout is logically crafted, with the large-aperture main frequency display squarely in the middle of the front panel; the two large S-meters to the left providing instant recognition of signal strength. Just as in an aircraft cockpit, the panel meters and the TFT are canted slightly toward the center for maximum visibility. Large, Multi-colored VFD Fluorescent Display A proprietary, high-brightness VFD (fluorescent) display is incorporated in the FT DX 9000D, providing outstanding visibility (superior even to the TFT) and easy reading of the important frequency information, whether in dim or bright lighting environments. Function-Indicating LEDs The many function status indications on the front panel are clearly identified by the operator, thanks to the innovative multi-color LEDs incorporated in design. A Red LED indicates that a function is engaged on the Main Band, while an Orange LED shows that the function is engaged on the Sub Band. Indirect Illumination For ease of nighttime operation, the controls on the front panel are indirectly illuminated, thanks to carefully-positioned lamps in the frame underneath the meters and TFT (depending on model). Aluminum-Die-Cast Oversized Main Tuning Dial The Main Tuning Dial is a large-diameter (3.2"/81 mm) dial directly coupled to the magnetic rotary encoder which drives the HRDDS via microprocessor control. Its heavy weight (7 oz./200 g) and quality mounting and construction provide a smooth "flywheel" effect during operation, ideal for quick cruising up and down a band. Oversized Knobs for Most Important Functions The concentric AF/RF Gain, SHIFT/WIDTH, and CLAR/VFO-B knobs are conveniently located right below the TFT, for ease of access to these important controls. World's First 400 MHz HRDDS Local Oscillator So as to optimize spurious-free dynamic range in a multi-signal environment, Yaesu's engineers have introduced the world's first HRDDS (High Resolution Direct Digital Synthesizer) as the first local oscillator of the FT DX 9000D. Dividing directly from this high frequency, this local oscillator design ensures extraordinarily low noise, resulting in improved weak-signal reception even on a crowded band during a weekend contest. New-design Large-area OCXO Reference Oscillator Serving as the master reference oscillator for the transceiver, the 10 MHz OCXO (Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator) is a large-area (50 x 50 mm/2" x 2") oven-stabilized oscillator operating at high temperature, for industry-leading frequency stability rated at 0.03 ppm over the temperature range ­10° to +60° C (­14° to +140° F). Triple-conversion Design with Optimized Gain Distribution Taking into account the most efficient transceiver design concept consistent with high performance we have adopted a triple-conversion IF structure, utilizing a first IF at 40 MHz, a second IF at 455 kHz, and the third IF at 30 kHz (for FM, the 3rd IF is at 24 kHz). Gain distribution through all stages is carefully optimized, for preservation of high system dynamic range. Ultra-strong Receiver Front End YAESU's outstanding RF-stage filtering establishes a clean performance that allows the rest of the receiver to perform at a high level. By reducing the ingress of energy from very strong sources like Shortwave Broadcast, local AM/FM/TV stations, and other signal sources, the overall purity of the spectrum delivered to the RF Amplifier first mixer, and subsequent stages is maintained, and the system Blocking Dynamic Range is also enhanced. Large, Multi-function Color TFT Display The 800 x 480 dot, 6.5" TFT display is loaded with information that enhances operation of your FT DX 9000D. Besides general status information, the TFT includes an Audio Scope (both audio spectrum and "Waterfall" displays) and Oscilloscope page, an RF Spectrum Scope, a Log Book, Swept-Frequency SWR along with PA Temperature, Bias Level, and Voltage, Memory Channel List, World Clock with Grey Line display, and a Great Circle Map centered on your location, plus direction indication and control of Yaesu Rotators! Compact Flash (CF) Card for Data Management A Compact Flash card is supplied with every FT DX 9000D, for preservation of transceiver configuration settings along with Log Book archival data. Professional-Grade Cannon (XLR) Microphone Connector The FT DX 9000D incorporates, for the first time ever in an Amateur Radio transceiver, a balanced-input "Cannon" (XLR) microphone connector on the front panel, for use with studio-grade professional microphones. A round 8-pin microphone jack is also provided on the rear panel. Two High-precision Analog Meters (Page 29) The FT DX 9000D incorporates two large (3.4"/86 mm) high-precision analog meters, for the utmost accuracy in measuring transceiver performance. Visibility is enhanced by the oversized meter scales, making the meters easy to read at all times. Page 8 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL FEATURES Separated Clarifier Display (Page 46, 95) A clearly-separated display window within the main frequency display area contains receiver and/or transmitter frequency offset ("Clarifier") data, for quick comprehension by the operator. YAESU Custom-designed 32-Bit Floating Point IF DSP (Page 60) The new IF DSP system, utilizing a TI TMS320C6711 device, is a high-speed 32-bit floating point circuit designed with a unique objective: to do away with the "digital" sound of many DSP filtering systems, and emulate the "Analog Sound" so familiar and comfortable to HF DX and Contest operators. The result is a leading-edge receiver that has the "feel" of a traditional analog receiver, but with the flexibility and superb filtering capability of a modern digital filtering system. New Mu (µ) Narrow-bandwidth High-Q RF Filters Using Large-Diameter (28 mm) Coils (Page 64) On the 14 MHz and lower Amateur bands, Yaesu's breakthrough "µ-Tuning" RF preselector filters provide the greatest level of RF protection ever incorporated into an Amateur Radio transceiver. Utilizing a 1.1" (28 mm) ferrite core stack, driven through a coil structure, µ-Tuning provides greatly improved RF selectivity, even compared to our VRF (Variable RF Filter) preselector, resulting in an ultra-strong front end. Insertion of the µ-Tuning filter improves the 3rd-Order Intercept Point by at least 4 dB, and you can operate on a very crowded band with the utmost confidence in your receiver. VRF (Variable RF Filter) Preselector Filter (Page 66) On the 18 MHz and higher Amateur bands, and on 1.8 - 50 MHz on the Sub (VFO-B) band, Yaesu's robust VRF (Variable RF Filter) preselector provides a relay-selected RF selectivity much tighter than that afforded by traditional bandpass filter networks. Sealed relays select heavy-duty inductors and capacitors, providing a tracking RF filter that protects the RF amplifier and following stages from strong out-of-band energy. First IF 3 kHz Roofing Filter (Page 25, 67) In the 40 MHz 1st IF, three selectable roofing filters are provided, in bandwidths of 3 kHz, 6 kHz, and 15 kHz, to protect the following stages from strong signals that could degrade dynamic range in the first IF amplifier and subsequent stages. The roofing filters are automatically assigned according to the operating mode, but the operator may override the automatic selections on the fly. CONTOUR Filter Enhances "Analog Feeling" of DSP Filters (Page 25, 68) The DSP-based Contour system is a unique five-band filter that may be used to roll off or peak the IF response. It is chiefly useful for modifying the response of the ultra-sharp DSP filters, allowing you to roll off (or emphasize) certain frequency components. Oftentimes, the result is that a difficult-to-understand signal suddenly will pop out of the background noise as solid copy. SLOPED AGC Circuitry (Page 76) In traditional AGC systems, all signals rising above a certain RF level are then clamped together at the same audio output, so as to prevent distortion throughout the IF and AF stages. In the FT DX 9000D, however, you can engage the "Sloped" AGC capability to provide an AGC response whereby ever-increasing signal strength results in a slightly-louder audio response, still without accompanying distortion. This lets you use your brain to sort out weak signals from strong ones more effectively. Receiver AF Limiter Circuit (Page 33, 77) Occasionally a noise burst or a sudden transmission from a loud station may startle you if you have the AF Gain turned up, and may even damage your hearing temporarily. The FT DX 9000D provides an AF Limiter (AFL) circuit which, once engaged, clamps an upper limit on the available audio output power, much like the AGC circuit does in the RF and IF stages. "Adjacent Channel Encroachment" S-Meter Monitor (Page 33, 78) When operating CW in a narrow bandwidth like 300 Hz, you may not be aware of the presence of strong stations that may be making it difficult for others to hear you. In these situations, the "ACM" (Adjacent Channel Monitor) will take over the Sub Receiver, center it on the Main Receiver frequency, and display ± 1.2 kHz of signal activity on the Sub Receiver's S-meter (without feeding the interfering audio through). This alerts you to the situation, and you can QSY or ask the other station to QSY. Rugged, High-Output Final Amplifier Design (Page 91) The final amplifier stage of the FT DX 9000D utilizes push-pull SD2931 MOS FET devices in a conservative, high-stability design. The large-area die-cast aluminum heat sink is monitored thermostatically, and a quiet cooling fan will engage when the heat sink temperature rises during long periods of high-power transmission. Ultra-linear Class-A Operation Capability (Page 90) The FT DX 9000D's Class-A capability provides ultra-linear amplifier operation at 75 Watts of power output. Typically, 3rd-order IMD products are suppressed more than 50 dB, while 5th- and higher-order distortion products are at least 70 dB down during Class-A operation. Parametric Microphone Equalizer Circuit (Page 88) For unmatched flexibility in tailoring your microphone's audio to match your voice, Yaesu's engineers have incorporated the industry's first Three-Band Parametric Microphone Equalizer, which allows you to enhance or suppress frequency components in three different audio bands. Equalization may be applied independently to microphones attached to the front and rear panel microphone jacks. FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 9 ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED ACCESSORIES FH-2 Remote Control Keypad CF Card (64 MB: Q9000838) AC Power Cord 1 2 Plugs Microphone Extend Cable (8 Pin Modular) 2: H Operating Manual H Warranty Card 2: AC Power Cord USA: T9017882 Europe: T9013285 Australia: T9013283A UK: T9013285 This microphone cable (T9101549) is for use with the optional MD-200A8X, MD-100A8X, or MH-31B8 microphones. Plug Details and Part Numbers RCA Plug (P0091365) 6 pcs 3.5 mm 2-contact Plug (P0090034) 2 pcs 3.5 mm 3-contact Plug (P0091046) 1 pc 1/4-inch 3-contact Plug (P0090008) 2 pcs 4-pin DIN Plug (P0091004) 1 pc 5-pin DIN Plug (P0091006) 1 pc 7-pin DIN Plug (P0091419) 1 pc 8-pin DIN Plug (P0090651) 1 pc Items are shown for illustrative purposes only, and may vary slightly in appearance. Page 10 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL OPTIONS AVAILABLE OPTIONS MD-200A8X Ultra-High-Fidelity Desk-Top Microphone MD-200A8X Desk-Top Microphone MD-100A8X Lightweight Stereo Headphones YH-77STA External Speaker with Dual Speakers and Audio Filter SP-9000 Linear Amplifier / AC Power Supply VL-1000 / VP-1000 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 11 INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS ANTENNA CONSIDERATIONS The FT DX 9000D is designed for use with any antenna system providing a 50 Ohm resistive impedance at the desired operating frequency. While minor excursions from the 50-Ohm specification are of no consequence, the transceiver's Automatic Antenna Tuner may not be able to reduce the impedance mismatch to an acceptable value if the Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) present at the Antenna jack is greater than 3:1. Every effort should, therefore, be made to ensure that the impedance of the antenna system utilized with the FT DX 9000D be as close as possible to the specified 50-Ohm value. Any antenna to be used with the FT DX 9000D must, ultimately, be fed with 50 Ohm coaxial cable. Therefore, when using a "balanced" antenna such as a dipole, remember that a balun or other matching/balancing device must be used so as to ensure proper antenna performance. The same precautions apply to any additional (receive-only) antennas connected to the RX ANT jack; if your receive-only antennas do not have an impedance near 50 Ohms at the operating frequency, you may need to install an external antenna tuner to obtain optimum performance. ABOUT COAXIAL CABLE Use high-quality 50-Ohm coaxial cable for the lead-in to your FT DX 9000D transceiver. All efforts at providing an efficient antenna system will be wasted if poor quality, lossy coaxial cable is used. This transceiver utilizes standard "M" ("PL-259") type connectors, except for the "RX OUT" BNC connectors used for special filters, etc. 1/16" 3/4" 1 1/8" Adapter 3/4'' 1/8'' 3/8'' 5/8'' Typical PL-259 Installation Page 12 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS GROUNDING The FT DX 9000D HF transceiver, like any other HF communications apparatus, requires an effective ground system for maximum electrical safety and best communications effectiveness. A good ground system can contribute to station efficiency in a number of ways: Ì It can minimize the possibility of electrical shock to the operator. Ì It can minimize RF currents flowing on the shield of the coaxial cable and the chassis of the transceiver; such currents may lead to radiation which can cause interference to home entertainment devices or laboratory test equipment. Ì It can minimize the possibility of erratic transceiver/accessory operation caused by RF feedback and/or improper current flow through logic devices. An effective earth ground system make take several forms; for a more complete discussion, see an appropriate RF engineering text. The information below is intended only as a guideline. Typically, the ground connection consists of one or more copper-clad steel rods, driven into the ground. If multiple ground rods are used, they should be positioned in a "V" configuration, and bonded together at the apex of the "V" which is nearest the station location. Use a heavy, braided cable (such as the discarded shield from type RG-213 coaxial cable) and strong cable clamps to secure the braided cable(s) to the ground rods. Be sure to weatherproof the connections to ensure many years of reliable service. Use the same type of heavy, braided cable for the connections to the station ground bus (described below). Inside the station, a common ground bus consisting of a copper pipe of at least 25 mm (1") diameter should be used. An alternative station ground bus may consist of a wide copper plate (single-sided circuit board material is ideal) secured to the bottom of the operating desk. Grounding connections from individual devices such as transceivers, power supplies, and data communications devices (TNCs, etc.) should be made directly to the ground bus using a heavy, braided cable. Do not make ground connections from one electrical device to another, and thence to the ground bus. This so-called "DaisyChain" grounding technique may nullify any attempt at effective radio frequency grounding. See the drawing below for examples of proper grounding techniques. Inspect the ground system - inside the station as well as outside - on a regular basis so as to ensure maximum performance and safety. Besides following the above guidelines carefully, note that household or industrial gas lines must never be used in an attempt to establish an electrical ground. Cold water pipes may, in some instances, help in the grounding effort, but gas lines represent a significant explosion hazard, and must never be used. Transceiver Linear Amplifier Power Supply Transceiver Linear Amplifier Power Supply "Daisy Chain" PROPER GROUND CONNECTION IMPROPER GROUND CONNECTION FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 13 INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS CONNECTION OF ANTENNA AND POWER CABLES Please follow the outline in the illustration regarding the proper connection of antenna coaxial cables, as well as the AC power cable. ANTENNA "1" ANTENNA "2" ANTENNA "3" ANTENNA "4" A B Use a short, thick, braided cable to connect your station equipment to the buried ground rod (or alternative earth ground system). Ground Rod Advice G Do not position this apparatus in a location with direct exposure to sunshine. G Do not position this apparatus in a location exposed to dust and/or high humidity. G Ensure adequate ventilation around this apparatus, so as to prevent heat build-up and possible reduction of performance due to high heat. G Do not install this apparatus in a mechanically-unstable location, or where objects may fall onto this product from above. G To minimize the possibility of interference to home entertainment devices, take all precautionary steps including separation of TV/FM antennas from Amateur transmitting antennas to the greatest extent possible, and keep transmitting coaxial cables separated from cables connected to home entertainment devices. G Ensure that the AC power cord is not subject to undue stress or bending, which could damage the cable or cause it to be accidentally unplugged from the rear panel AC input jack. G Be absolutely certain to install your transmitting antenna(s) such that they cannot possibly come in contact with TV/FM radio or other antennas, nor with outside power or telephone lines. Page 14 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS CONNECTION OF MICROPHONE, HEADPHONES AND FH-2 REMOTE CONTROL KEYPAD This transceiver was shipped from the factory in configuration for a microphone input via the Front Panel XLR connector. To use the Rear Panel microphone with an 8-pin round connector, please change the microphone set up via the Menu. 1. 2. 3. 4. To do this, first press the MNU key located an the bottom right corner of the TFT display. The Menu list will appear on the TFT display screen. Rotate the Main tuning dial (VFO-A) to select menu item #069 (MODE-SSB 069 SSB MIC SELECT). Now rotate the CLAR/VFO-B knob to change the setting to Rear. Available selections are FRONT-REAR-DATA-PC. 5. To save the set-up, press and hold in the MNU key for 2 seconds. If the MNU key is not held for 2 seconds, the set-up will not be saved. Note : To use the AM or FM mode, please select Menu items 040 for AM and 059 for FM, and follow the same procedure above. MIC-Hot MIC-GND MIC-Cold 1/4-inch 3-contact jack Stereo Headphones XLR connector Type Microphone UP +5V DOWN MIC MIC GND PTT GND FAST 8-pin Connector Type Microphone ON LOCK OFF FH-2 Remote Control Keypad FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 15 INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS KEY, KEYER, AND COMPUTER-DRIVEN KEYING INTERCONNECTIONS The FT DX 9000D includes a host of features for the CW operator, the functions of which will be detailed in the "Operation" section later. Besides the built-in Electronic Keyer, two key jacks are provided, one each on the front and rear panels, for convenient connection to keying devices. The Menu system allows you to configure the front and rear panel KEY jacks according to the device you wish to connect. For example, you may connect your keyer paddle to the front panel KEY jack, and use Menu #041 for paddle input, while connecting the rear panel's KEY jack to the keying line from your personal computer (which emulates a "straight key" for connection purposes), and configure the rear panel jack using Menu #43. Both KEY jacks on the FT DX 9000D utilize "Positive" keying voltage. Key-up voltage is approximately +5V DC, and keydown current is approximately 1 mA. DOT DASH DOT DASH COMMON COMMON Advice When connecting a key or other device to the KEY jacks, use only a 3-pin ("stereo") 1/4" phone plug; a 2-pin plug will place a short between the ring and (grounded) shaft of the plug, resulting in a constant "key-down" condition in some circumstances. CONNECTING A GPS RECEIVER If you connect a properly-equipped after-market GPS receiver (not supplied) to the COM port on the back of the transceiver, the "Rotator" page on the TFT display will automatically include a Great Circle map centered on your location. Connect a GPS receiver capable of output of NMEA-0183 data to the COM port. The data line connects to Pin 2, and the ground shield connects to Pin 5. This transceiver can support the GGA, GLL, and RMC Data Sentences from the GPS unit. Pin 5 GND Pin 2 GPS DATA IN Page 16 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS VL-1000 LINEAR AMPLIFIER INTERCONNECTIONS Be sure that both the FT DX 9000D and VL-1000 are turned off, then follow the installation recommendations contained in the illustration. On the rear panel of the VL-1000, please set the "ATT" switch to the "ON" position. The 200-Watt power output from the FT DX 9000D is far in excess of what is required to drive the VL-1000 to its full rated output. Note G Please refer to the VL-1000 Operating Manual for details regarding amplifier operation. G Please do not attempt to connect or disconnect coaxial cables when your hands are wet. Control Cable Modification Pin 9 F SET COMMON Pin 11 F SET 2 About the CONTROL Cable The VL-1000 may be operated with the FT DX 9000D whether or not the CONTROL Cable is connected; however, the CONTROL Cable allows you to tune up the amplifier automatically by just pressing the [F SET] or [TUNE] key on the VL-1000, so as to transmit a carrier for tuning purposes. Pin 3 GND Pin 7 TRQ Please cut off the RCA connector on one end of the CONTROL Cable supplied with the VL-1000, and install a 7-pin DIN connector in its place, according to the illustration. To link the FT DX 9000D and VL-1000 Power switches, set the VL-1000 REMOTE switch to the ON position. ANTENNA CABLESupplied w/VL-1000 ANTENNA INPUT 1 REMOTE ON OFF ANT ~AC IN ANT 1 ANT 2 ANT 1 PTT 1 ANT 3 INPUT 1 ANT 2 BAND DATA 1 PTT 2 INPUT 2 ALC 1 ANT 3 ALC 2 CONTROL 2 1 ANT 4 GND BAND DATA 2 DC48V IN BAND DATA 2 BAND DATA 1 BAND-DATA 1 ALC 1 BAND-DATA 2 DC 48V IN VP-1000 VP-1000 EXT ALC GND GND BAND DATA CABLESupplied w/VL-1000 CONTROL CABLEUser constructed ALC CABLESupplied w/VL-1000 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 17 CONTROL INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS INTERFACING TO OTHER LINEAR AMPLIFIERS ANTENNA CABLE50 HF Antenna ANT 2 ANT 1 50 MHz Antenna ~AC IN RF OUT RF IN INPUT 1 GND ANT 1 FUSE AC GND ALC GND RELAY EXT ALC TX GND Note G The TX/RX switching in the linear amplifier is controlled by switching components in the transceiver. The relay circuit of the FT DX 9000D used for this switching is capable of switching AC voltage of 100 Volts at up to 300 mA, or DC voltages or 60 V at 200 mA or 30 V at up to 1 Amp. In order to engage the switching relay, use Menu "TX GNRL 156 EXT AMP TX-GND" within the "TX GNRL" Menu Group; set this Menu selection to "ENABLE" to activate the amplifier switching relay. G The specified range for ALC voltage to be used with the FT DX 9000D is 0 to ­4 Volts DC. G Amplifier systems utilizing different voltages will not work correctly with the FT DX 9000D, and their ALC lines must not be connected if this is the case. GND Page 18 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL GND PLUG/CONNECTOR PINOUT DIAGRAMS CAT N/A SERIAL OUT SERIAL IN N/A GND N/A N/A N/A NC BAND DATA1 EXT ALC TX GND GND NC NC TXINH FSET BAND DATA2 +13V TX GND GND BAND DATA A BAND DATA B BAND DATA C BAND DATA D LINEAR (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) PACKET DATA IN GND PTT DATA OUT BUSY ROTATOR RT1 RT2 RT3 RT4 GND NC RTTY RX OUT PTT GND SHIFT (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) MIC (XLR) MIC UP +5V DOWN FAST GND PTT MIC GND MIC RCA PLUG GND or MIC-GND MIC-Hot MIC-Cold SIGNAL or (as viewed from front panel) (as viewed from rear panel) REMOTE GND AF OUT SUB(VFO-B) EXT SPKR GND SIGNAL MAIN(VFO-A) GND SIGNAL PHONE For Internal Keyer KEY For Straight Key MAIN SUB GND DOT DASH COMMON KEY GND Do not use 2-conductor type plug FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 19 FRONT PANEL CONTROLS MOX Switch Pressing this button engages the PTT (Push to Talk) circuit, to activate the transmitter. It must be in the undepressed position for reception. This switch replicates the action of the Push to Talk (PTT) switch on the microphone. When engaging the MOX switch, or otherwise causing a transmission to be started, be certain you have either an antenna or 50-Ohm dummy load connected to the selected Antenna jack. PHONES Jack A 1/4-inch, 3-contact jack accepts either monaural or stereo headphones with 2- or 3-contact plugs. When a plug is inserted, the loudspeaker is disabled. With stereo headphones such as the optional YH-77STA, you can monitor both Main (VFO-A) and Sub (VFO-B) receiver channels at the same time during Dual Receive operation. Note: When wearing headphones, we recommend that you turn the AF Gain levels down to their lowest settings before turning power on, to minimize the impact on your hearing caused by audio "pops" during switchon. VOX Switch VOX Operation: This button enables automatic voiceactuated transmitter switching in the SSB, AM, and FM modes. While activated, the LED inside this button glows red. The controls affecting VOX operation are the front panel's VOX and DELAY knobs (see section ( ) below. By proper adjustment of these controls, hands-free voice-actuated operation is possible. POWER Switch Press and hold in this switch for two seconds to turn the transceiver on, after first setting the rear panel Power switch to the "I" position. Press and hold in this switch for two seconds, similarly, to turn the transceiver off. If the rear panel's Power switch is set to the "O" position, the front panel POWER switch will not function. Advice This is the actual power On/Off switch for turning on the transceiver. When the rear panel's Power switch is set to the "I" position, power is supplied to the OCXO to stabilize the reference oscillator, and the remainder of the transceiver is set in a "stand-by" mode, awaiting the command for the transceiver to switch on via the front panel POWER switch. For further information on the rear panel Power switch, please see the discussion on page 36. DIM Switch Press this button to lower the illumination intensity of the analog meters, the frequency display, and the TFT. Press it once more to restore full brightness. Advice Menu Items "DISPLAY 014 DIMMER-METER" and "DISPLAY 015 DIMMER-VFD" allow you to configure the dimming levels for the analog meters and the frequency display/TFT independently, so you can customize the brightness levels. Page 20 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL FRONT PANEL CONTROLS KEY Jack This 1/4-inch, 3-contact jack accepts a CW key or keyer paddles (for the built-in electronic keyer), or output from an external electronic keyer. Pinout is shown on page 16. Key up voltage is 5 V, and key down current is 1 mA. This jack may be configured for keyer, "Bug," "straight key," or computer keying interface operation via Menu Selection "MODE-CW 041 F-KEYER TYPE (see page 135)." There is another jack with the same name on the rear panel, and it may be configured independently for Internal Keyer or pseudo-straight-key operation. Note You cannot use a 2-contact plug in this jack (to do so produces a constant "key down" condition). ANTENNA SELECT Switches These momentary buttons select the antenna jack on the rear panel, with the selection indicated by the LED in each button. When an antenna has been selected for operation on the main band (VFO-A), the LED in the button glows red. When an antenna has been selected for operation on the sub band (VFO-B), the LED in the button glows umber. TUNE Switch This is the on/off switch for the FT DX 9000D's Automatic Antenna Tuner. Pressing this button momentarily places the antenna tuner in line between the transmitter final amplifier and the antenna jack (the LED will become illuminated). Reception is not affected. Pressing and holding in this button for 1/2 second, while receiving in an amateur band, activates the transmitter for a few seconds while the automatic antenna tuner rematches the antenna system impedance for minimum SWR. The resulting setting is automatically stored in one of the antenna tuner's 100 memories, for instant automatic recall later when the receiver is tuned near the same frequency. Pressing this button momentarily, while the Tuner is engaged, will take the Automatic Antenna tuner out of the transmit line. Note When the Automatic Antenna tuner is tuning itself, a signal is being transmitted. Therefore, be absolutely certain that an antenna or dummy load is connected to the selected antenna jack before pressing and holding in the TUNE button to start antenna tuning. Cannon ("XLR") Microphone Connector This Cannon-type (XLR) connector accepts input from the Microphone or other XLR-equipped microphone system. MIC connector pinout is shown on page 15. Proper microphone input impedance is 500 ~ 600 Ohms. If you are using a condenser microphone requiring 48 Volts DC, you may enable this voltage to appear on the microphone line; see page 81. When the 48-volt supply line has been enabled, the LED adjacent to the MIC jack will glow red. To disconnect the microphone plug, draw out the microphone plug while pressing and holding in the silver push-button. IPO (Intercept Point Optimization) Switch The IPO(A) Lamp-button may be used to set the optimum receiver front end characteristics of the main receiver circuit for a very strong-signal environment. Selecting IPO bypasses the front end RF amplifier and feeds the received signals directly to the first mixer of the main band (VFO-A) receiver circuit. While the IPO feature is activated, this button will remain illuminated. The IPO(B) Lamp-button, similarly, allows direct feed of the received signals to the first mixer of the sub band (VFO-B) receiver circuit. While the IPO feature is activated on the sub receiver, this button will be lit. Advice The FT DX 9000D's first mixer is an active type, using four SST310 Junction FETs. This mixer design provides gain to the receiver chain, so the noise figure of the receiver is fundamentally lower than with some other designs. Therefore, it frequently is not necessary to utilize the RF preamplifier, and the receiver Intercept Point will be substantially increased by engaging IPO, so as to feed the incoming signals directly to the first (active) mixer. We recommend that IPO be switched on whenever possible. FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 21 FRONT PANEL CONTROLS METER Switch This control switch determines the function of the Main Meter during transmission. COMP: Indicates the RF speech compressor level (SSB modes only). PO: Indicates the power output level. SWR: Indicates the Standing Wave Ratio (Forward: Reflected). IDD: Indicates the final amplifier drain current. MIC LVL: Indicates the relative microphone level. MONI PITCH Knobs MONI (Monitor) Switch This button enables the transmit (RF) monitor in all modes (except CW, in which the monitor function is always on, to produce the sidetone). While activated, the LED in this button glows red. Adjustment of the Monitor level is accomplished using the MONI knob, located just to the right of the MONI switch. Advice When using headphones, the Monitor is highly useful for making adjustments to the Parametric Equalizer or other voice quality adjustments, because the voice quality heard in the headphones is such a "natural" reproduction of the transmitted audio quality. MONI Knob The inner MONI knob adjusts the audio level of the transmit RF monitor during transmission (relative to the AF GAIN control), when activated by the MONI button (above). PITCH Knob The outer PITCH knob selects your preferred CW tone pitch (from 300 ~ 1000 Hz, in 50 Hz increments). The Tx sidetone, receiver IF passband, and display offset from the BFO (carrier) frequency are all affected simultaneously. The Pitch control setting also affects the operation of the CW Tuning Indicator, as the center frequency of the CW Tuning Indicator will follow the setting of this control. AGC ATT Knobs AGC Knobs This switch selects the AGC characteristics for the Main (VFO-A) band receiver. ATT Knobs This switch selects the degree of attenuation, if any, to be applied to the Main (VFO-A) receiver input. Advice The Attenuator may be used in conjunction with the IPO switch (# above) to provide two stages of signal reduction when an extremely strong signal is being received. Page 22 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL FRONT PANEL CONTROLS MIC PROC Knobs KEYER Switch This button toggles the internal CW keyer on and off. While activated, the LED in this button glows red. The Keyer sending speed, and the CW Hang Time are adjusted via the controls described in the next section. MIC Knob The inner MIC knob adjusts the microphone input level for (non-processed) SSB transmission. Advice If you adjust the MIC Gain while speaking in a louderthan-normal voice level and watching the ALC level on the right-side meter, adjust the MIC Gain so that the ALC reaches over to the right edge of the ALC scale. Then, when you speak in a more normal voice level, you'll be certain not to be over-driving the mic amplifier stage. PROC Knob The outer PROC knob sets the compression (input) level of the transmitter RF speech processor in the SSB and modes, when activated by the button with the same name (see next section). SPEED CW DELAY Knobs PROC (Processor) Switch This button enables the RF speech processor for SSB transmission. Processing level is set by the outer control with the same name (see previous section). While activated, the LED in this button glows red. Advice The Speech Processor is a tool for increasing the average power output through a compression technique. However, if the PROC level control is advanced too far, the increase in compression becomes counter-productive, as intelligibility will suffer. We recommend that you monitor the sound of your signal using the Monitor (with headphones), and watch the Oscilloscope page on the TFT while transmitting (Monitor must be on), then advance the PROC level only as far as required to obtain a useful increase in average power output. The internal Electronic Keyer is activated by the KEYER switch, described in the previous section. SPEED Knob The inner SPEED knob adjusts the keying speed of the internal CW keyer. Clockwise rotation increases the sending speed. CW DELAY Knob This outer CW DELAY knob sets the hang time of the CW "VOX" circuit, between the moment you stop sending, and the automatic switch from transmit back to receive during "Semi-break-in" operation. Adjust this just long enough to prevent the receiver from being restored during word spaces at your preferred sending speed. Clockwise rotation increases the hang time. Note The SSB VOX hang time is adjusted via the DELAY control described in section above. BK-IN/SPOT Switches This button turns the full break-in (QSK) CW capability on and off. While QSK is activated, the LED in this button glows red. The SPOT button turns on the CW receiver spotting tone; by matching the SPOT tone to that of the incoming CW signal (precisely the same pitch), you will be "zero beating" your transmitted signal on to the frequency of the other station. NB/SQL Knobs NB Knob The inner NB knob adjusts the noise blanking level when the (analog) IF noise blanker is activated by pressing the NB button. The Noise Blanker is activated via the NB switch, described in the next section. SQL Knob The outer SQL knob sets the signal level threshold at which main (VFO-A) receiver audio is muted, in all modes. It is very useful during local rag-chews, to eliminate noise between incoming transmissions. This control is normally kept fully counter-clockwise (off), except when scanning and during FM operation. VOX DELAY Knobs VOX Knob The inner VOX knob sets the gain of the VOX circuit, to set the level of microphone audio needed to activate the transmitter during voice operation while the VOX button is engaged. The VOX switch (# above) must be switched On to engage the VOX circuit. DELAY Knob The outer DELAY knob sets the hang time of the VOX circuit, between the moment you stop speaking, and the automatic switch from transmit back to receive. Adjust this for smooth VOX operation, so the receiver is only activated when your transmission is ended and you wish to receive. For CW operation, you can adjust the keying delay separately; see control # below. FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 23 FRONT PANEL CONTROLS NB Switch Pressing this button activates the (analog) IF Noise Blanker, which may help reduce many different types of man-made impulse noise (but not atmospherics). When the Noise Blanker is activated, the LED inside the button will glow red. Adjustment of the Noise Blanker level is accomplished via the NB knob, described in the previous section. VRF/µ-T Switch This button turns the main band (VFO-A) receiver's VRF filter or µ-TUNE filter on and off. While activated, the LED inside the button will glow red. VRF/µ-T/NTCH Knobs VRF/µ-T Knob The inner VRF/µ-T knob tunes the passband of the main band (VFO-A) receiver's RF filter (18 MHz and higher Amateur bands) or µ-TUNE filter (Narrowbandwidth High-Q RF Filter) (14 MHz and lower Amateur bands) for maximum receiver sensitivity (and out-of-band interference rejection). On the 18 MHz and higher Amateur bands, this knob provides adjustment of the VRF (Variable RF Filter) preselector circuit. Advice H It is possible to use the Menu to de-select the µTune module, and utilize VRF instead, on bands where a µ-Tune module is installed. However, the superior selectivity of the µ-Tune circuit is preferred for most applications. H The µ-Tune circuitry automatically tracks your operating frequency, and adjustment of its center frequency is normally not required. However, if a very strong signal within several dizen kHz is causing you problems, you may use the VRF/µT / NTCH knob to skew the tuning to one side of the other of your current frequency, to roll off the strength of the interfering station. H If you wish to reset the tuning of the VRF/µ-T / NTCH knob to its original (centered) setting, just press and hold in the VRF/µ-T switch (# above) for two seconds. The µ-Tune circuit will not revert to its normal (automatically tuned) position, centered on your current frequency. H There is a slight increase in receiver path insertion loss when the µ-Tune circuit is engaged. On the frequencies where µ-Tune is used, this is seldom a problem. If the slight signal loss presents a problem, just turn the VRF/µ-T switch (# above) Off. H Rotation of the VRF/µ-T / NTCH knob to adjust the µ-Tune circuit should be performed only to optimize the signal or reduce interference. The µ-Tune circuit tuning is surprisingly sharp. If you are adjusting VRF, however, the tuning is much more broad, and we believe that VRF adjustment will seldom be required. H The relative position of the µ-Tune or VRF passband can be observed on the TFT display. NTCH Knob The outer NTCH knob adjusts the center frequency of the main band (VFO-A) IF notch filter. The Notch Filter is engaged via the NTCH switch, described in the next section. Page 24 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL FRONT PANEL CONTROLS NTCH Switch This button turns the main band (VFO-A) IF notch filter on and off. When the IF notch filter is activated, the LED inside the button will glow red. The Notch Filter center frequency is adjusted via the NTCH knob, described in the previous section. Advice H The width of the notch may be set to either "Wide" or "Narrow" via Menu item "RX DSP 082 IFNOTCH-WIDTH" in the RX DSP Menu Group. Setting this selection to "Narrow" will provide a very sharp notch, with minimal disturbance to the incoming signal wave-form. H The tuning rate of the Notch Filter being rather slow, it frequently is useful to use the Audio Scope of the TFT (either the Audio Spectrum Scope or the Waterfall display) to adjust the center frequency of the IF Notch Filter. In the Waterfall display mode, the notched area will appear more white than the background screen, while on the Audio Spectrum Scope screen the notched area will appear as a "hole" in the noise. CONT DNR Knob CONT Knob The inner CONT knob selects the desired sub band (VFO-B) CONTOUR filter response. The CONTOUR filter is engaged via the CONT switch, described in the next section. DNR Knob The outer DNR knob selects the optimum Main Band (VFO-A) Digital Noise Reduction response. The Noise Reduction circuit is engaged via the DNR switch, described in section above. CONT Button This button turns the sub band (VFO-B) CONTOUR filter on and off. When the CONTOUR filter is activated, the LED inside the button will glow umber. Adjustment of the CONTOUR filter's center frequency is provided by the CONT knob, described in section above. Quick Note There are times, when you're trying to remove interference with a sharp DSP filter, that the remaining signal has a somewhat unnatural sound. This is caused by the cutting of some frequency components, leaving other components in excess. The CONTOUR filter allows you (especially) to roll off certain frequency components inside the remaining passband, but in a smooth manner that helps restore a natural sound and/ or raise intelligibility. Advice H The action of the CONTOUR filter (either nulling or peaking of frequency components as you adjust the center frequency) may be adjusted via Menu item "RX DSP 079 MAIN-CONTOURWIDTH." The adjustment range includes settings of -15 dB (nulling) to +10 dB (peaking). H The Audio Spectrum Scope (including the Waterfall displays) on the Oscilloscope page of the TFT can be particularly useful when adjusting the CONT control (see section above), as you can observe the position of the null or peak in the audio passband. DNF Switch This button turns the main band (VFO-A) Digital Notch Filter on and off. When the Digital Notch Filter is activated, the LED indicator will glow red. This is an automatic circuit, and there is no adjustment knob for the DNF. R.FLT Switch This button selects the bandwidth for the main band (VFO-A) receiver's first IF Roofing Filter. Available selections are 3 kHz, 6 kHz, 15 kHz, or Auto, and the LED indicator will change according to the bandwidth selected. Advice Because the roofing filter is in the first IF, the protection it provides against interference is quite significant. When set to AUTO, the SSB bandwidth is 6 kHz, while CW is 3 kHz and FM/RTTY are 15 kHz. On a crowded SSB band, however, you may wish to select the 3 kHz filter, for the maximum possible interference rejection. DNR Switch This button turns the Main band (VFO-A) Digital Noise Reduction circuit on and off. When the Digital Noise Reduction is activated, the LED inside the button will glow umber. Adjustment of the Noise Reduction level is provided by the DNR knob, described in the next section. FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL Page 25 FRONT PANEL CONTROLS MODE Switches A, B Button Pressing the A or B switch will illuminate the respective indicator imbedded within the switch, allowing adjustment of the operating mode on the Main (VFO-A) or Sub (VFO-B) band. Pressing the A switch causes the indicator to glow Red, signifying Main (VFO-A) band is being adjusted. Similarly, pressing the B switch will cause its indicator to glow Orange, signifying Sub (VFO-B) Band adjustment. Advice When changing bands, be sure to press the A or B switch first, then press the appropriate Band selector switch, so as to change operating frequencies on the proper (Main or Sub) band. LSB, USB, CW, AM, FM, RTTY, PKT Button Pressing the LSB , USB , CW , AM , FM , RTTY , or PKT button will select the operating mode. Pressing the CW , AM , RTTY , or PKT button multiple times will switch between the alternate operating features that can be used on these modes (covered later). Also, when you press and hold in the PKT button for one second, the user-programmed custom function setting mode will be activated. QMB (Quick Memory Bank) Switch STO (Store) Button Pressing this button copies operating information (frequency, mode, bandwidth, and also repeater direction/ shift frequency and CTCSS functions on the FM mode) into consecutive QMB Memories. RCL (Recall) Button Pressing this button recalls one of up to five Quick Memory Bank memories for operation. RX Indicator/Switch This switch, when pressed, engages the Main (VFOA) band receiver; the indicator will glow Green when the Main receiver is active. When the Main (VFO-A) receiver is active, pressing this button momentarily will mute the receiver, and the indicator will blink. Pressing the button once more will restore receiver operation, and the indicator will glow Green steadily. TX Indicator/Switch When this button is pushed, the indicator will glow Red, and the transmitter will be engaged on the same frequency and mode as was set up for the Main (VFOA) band (subject to any Clarifier offset, of course). Advice If this indicator is not illuminated, it means that the Sub (VFO-B) TX indicator has been selected (it will be glowing Red). In this case, transmission will be effected on the frequency and mode programmed for the Sub (VFO-B) band. Page 26 FT DX 9000D OPERATION MANUAL FRONT PANEL CONTROLS Main Dial Knob This large knob adjusts the operating frequency of the Main (VFO-A) Band or a recalled memory. Clockwise rotation of this knob increases the frequency. Default tuning increments are 10 Hz (100 Hz in AM and FM modes); when the FAST switch is pressed, the tuning steps increase. The available steps are: Operating Mode LSB/USB/CW/RTTY/PKT(LSB) AM/FM/PKT(FM) 1 Step* 10 Hz (100 Hz) 100 Hz (1 kHz) 1 Dial Rotation 10 kHz (100 kHz) 100 kHz (1 MHz)