VERTEX STANDARD CO., LTD. HF/VHF/UHF ALL MODE Transceiver Technical Supplement ©2002 VERTEX STANDARD CO., LTD. Printed in Japan. 4-8-8 Nakameguro, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8644, Japan VERTEX STANDARD US Headquarters 10900 Walker Street, Cypress, CA 90630, U.S.A. International Division 8350 N.W. 52nd Terrace, Suite 201, Miami, FL 33166, U.S.A. FT-897 YAESU EUROPE B.V. P.O. Box 75525, 1118 ZN Schiphol, The Netherlands YAESU UK LTD. Unit 12, Sun Valley Business Park, Winnall Close Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 0LB, U.K. VERTEX STANDARD HK LTD. Unit 5, 20/F., Seaview Centre, 139-141 Hoi Bun Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Introduction This manual provides technical information necessary for servicing the FT-897 HF/VHF/UHF ALL MODE Transceiver. Servicing this equipment requires expertise in handling surface-mount chip components. Attempts by non-qualified persons to service this equipment may result in permanent damage not covered by the warranty, and may be illegal in some countries. Two PCB layout diagrams are provided for each double-sided circuit board in the Transceiver. Each side of is referred to by the type of the majority of components installed on that side ("leaded" or "chip-only"). In most cases one side has only chip components, and the other has either a mixture of both chip and leaded components (trimmers, coils, electrolytic capacitors, ICs, etc.), or leaded components only. While we believe the technical information in this manual to be correct, VERTEX STANDARD assumes no liability for damage that may occur as a result of typographical or other errors that may be present. Your cooperation in pointing out any inconsistencies in the technical information would be appreciated. Contents Specifications ................................................... 2 Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts....... 4 Block Diagram ................................................. 5 Circuit Description ........................................ 7 Alignment....................................................... 10 Board Unit (Schematics, Layouts & Parts) MAIN Unit ............................................................... 21 PLL Unit ................................................................... 53 PA Unit ..................................................................... 59 PANEL Unit ............................................................. 73 MIC Unit .................................................................. 81 VR Unit ..................................................................... 82 BATT-CONN Unit .................................................. 83 REF Unit ................................................................... 84 Specifications General Frequency Range: 0.1-56 MHz, 76-108 MHz, 118-164 MHz, 420-470 MHz 160 - 6 Meters, 2 Meters, 70 Centimeters (Amateur bands only) 5.1675 MHz (Alaska Emergency Frequency: USA only) A1 (CW), A3 (AM), A3J (LSB/USB), F3 (FM), F1 (9600 bps packet), F2 (1200 bps packet) 10 Hz (CW/SSB), 100 Hz (AM/FM/WFM) 50 Ohms, Unbalanced (M) +14 °F to +140 °F (­10 °C to +60 °C) ±4 ppm from 1 min. to 60 min after power on. @25 °C: 1 ppm/hour ±0.5 ppm/1 hour @25 °C, after warmup (with optional TCXO-9) Normal: 13.8 VDC ±15 %, Negative Ground FNB-78 (Ni-MH Battery Pack): 13.2 V (Option) Squelched: 600 mA (Approx.) Receive: 1 A Transmit: 22 A 7.87" x 3.15" x 10.3" (200 x 80 x 262 mm) 8.6 lb (3.9 kg) (w/o Ni-MH battery, antenna, Microphone) Receive: Transmit: Emission Modes: Synthesizer Steps (Min.): Antenna Impedance: Operating Temp. Range: Frequency Stability: Supply Voltage: Current Consumption: Case Size (W x H x D): Weight (Approx.): Transmitter RF Power Output (@13.8 V DC): Modulation Types: FM Maximum Deviation: Spurious Radiation: Carrier Suppression: Opp. Sideband Suppression: SSB Frequency Response: Microphone Impedance: SSB/CW/FM AM Carrier 160- 6 Meter: 100 W 25 W 2 Meter: 50 W 12.5 W 70 Centimeter: 20 W 5W SSB: Balanced Modulator, AM: Early Stage (Low Level), FM: Variable Reactance ±5 kHz (FM-N: ±2.5 kHz) ­50 dB (1.8-29.7 MHz) ­60 dB (50/144/430 MHz) >40 dB >50 dB 400 Hz-2600 Hz (­6 dB) 200-10k Ohms (Nominal: 600 Ohms) 2 Specifications Receiver Circuit Type: Intermediate Frequencies: Sensitivity: Double-Conversion Superheterodyne (SSB/CW/AM/FM) Superheterodyne (WFM) 1st: 68.33 MHz (SSB/CW/AM/FM); 10.7 MHz (WFM) 2nd: 455 kHz SSB/CW AM FM 100 kHz-1.8 MHz ­ 32 µV ­ 1.8 MHz-28 MHz 0.2 µV 2 µV ­ 28 MHz-30 MHz 0.2 µV 2 µV 0.5 µV 50 MHz-54 MHz 0.125 µV 1 µV 0.2 µV 144/430 MHz 0.125 µV ­ 0.2 µV (SSB/CW/AM = 10 dB S/N, FM = 12 dB SINAD) SSB/CW/AM FM 100 kHz-1.8 MHz ­ ­ 1.8 MHz-28 MHz 2.5 µV ­ 28 MHz-30 MHz 2.5 µV 0.32 µV 50 MHz-54 MHz 1 µV 0.16 µV 144/430 MHz 0.5 µV 0.16 µV HF/50 MHz: 70 dB, 144/430 MHz: 60 dB 60 dB SSB/CW: 2.2 kHz/4.5 kHz AM: 6 kHz/20 kHz FM: 15 kHz/30 kHz FM-N: 9 kHz/25 kHz SSB (optional YF-122S installed): 2.3 kHz/4.7 kHz (­66 dB) CW (option YF-122C installed): 500 Hz/2.0 kHz 2.5 W (@4 Ohms, 10% THD or less) 4-16 Ohms Squelch Sensitivity: Image Rejection: IF Rejection: Selectivity (­6/­60 dB): AF Output: AF Output Impedance: Specifications are subject to change without notice, and are guaranteed within the amateur bands 3 Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts 4 4 4 5 4 5 RA0397700 TOP CASE RA0398000 SP NET (VND-100) 4 4 4 RA0398100 SPONGE RUBBER (SP) 4 M4090150 SPEAKER RA0283900 SPONG RUBBER (SP-B) RA0413400 SP HOLDER S5000057 LEAD CLAMPER (x 2 pcs) 9 7 7 97 7 8 7 7 7 7 RA041290A HOLDER (BATT SW) MAIN Unit BATT-CONN Unit 8 2 RA0460300 SHIELD SHEET (DSP) RA0416500 HEATSINK PLATE RA0420000 SPONGE RUBBER 2 2 7 3 3 3 3 7 13 7 RA0411700 HOLDER PLATE (MIC) S4000047 CASE LEG FF-003 (w/o RIVET) x 4 pcs S3000022 WIRE BIND PLT-1M BK-1 RA0411200 DOUBLE FACE (LCD) RA0423800 REFLECTOR SHEET 16 17 18 16 16 12 12 12 12 16 M2090029 16 1 2 14 RA039760A CHASSIS (MAIN) MIC Unit 17 17 RA0411300 LCD HOLDER 15 RA0411400 LIGHT GUIDE (LCD) RA0423700 DIFFUSER SHEET 1 RA0412500 HANDLE 15 RA0412200 SUPONGE RUBBER (MIC) RA0412300 PANEL ASSY R3135000A WASHER R0136380 COIL SPRING RA0415100 MAIN KNOB ASSY RA0412600 HOLDER HANDLE (x 2 pcs) LCD FAN (x 2 pcs) 7 7 7 7 1 97 9 7 PANEL Unit RA0423600 SPONGE RUBBER (LED) 1 10 1 R6144801 NUT 1 VR Unit RA0411800 ROTARY KNOB (VFO) RA0413100 SUPPORT (x 2 pcs) RA0452600 PACKING PAD (SHIELD) RA0397900 SHIELD (CENTER) 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 4 RA0412100 RA0411900 ROTARY KNOB (AF) ROTARY KNOB (CLAR) RA0411600 RA0412000 R6054387B RUBBER RING ROTARY KNOB (SQL) SPECIAL NUT No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VXSTD P/N U24306001 U9900144 U24308002 U31306007 U31205007 U20408007 U24206001 U02208002 U24208001 U02308002 U20306002 U00330007 U9900076 U72004002 U20420007 U23206001 U23105001 U9900063 DISCRIPTION TAPTITE SCREW M3X6 BINDING HEAD SCREW M3X7B TAPTITE SCREW M3X8NI OVAL HEAD SCREW M3X6B OVAL HEAD SCREW M2.6X5B BINDING HEAD SCREW M4X8B TAPTITE SCREW M2.6X6 PAN HEAD SCREW SM2.6X8NI TAPTITE SCREW M2.6X8 SEMS SCREW SM3X8NI BINDING HEAD SCREW M3X6NI PAN HEAD SCREW M3X30B HEX HEAD BOLT HSM4X16NI TOOTHED LOCK WASHER OW4NI BINDING HEAD SCREW M4X20B TAPTITE SCREW M2.6X6 TAPTITE SCREW M2X5 TAPTITE SCREW 2X3.3NI QTY. 4 4 4 8 2 2 10 2 2 6 2 8 1 1 2 5 2 1 S4000043 CASE LEG FF-003 1 RA0397800 BOTTOM CASE (A) 4 6 S4000043 CASE LEG FF-003 (x 2 pcs) 4 4 6 RA3100700A FOOT (x 2 pcs) RA0398200 STAND 4 Block Diagram 5 Block Diagram Note: 6 Circuit Description The FT-897 internal assembly consists of the MAIN Unit, PLL Unit, PA Unit, Panel Unit, BATT-CONN Unit, REF Unit, MIC Unit, and the VR Unit. 1st Mixer Circuit/1st IF Circuit The 1st mixer on the MAIN Unit consists of quad MOS FET Q1128 (SPN5001), where the receiving signal is mixed with the 1st local signal (68.430-538.330 MHz) from the PLL Unit. The resulting output signal (68.33 MHz) passes through monolithic crystal filter (MCF) XF1001 (MF68Q, BW: ±6.0 kHz) to obtain the 1st IF signalwith a center frequency of 68.33 MHz. The IF signal passes through the 1st IF amplifier Q1073 (BB305CEW) to the 2nd Mixer, Q1083 and Q1084 (both 2SK302Y). 2nd Mixer Circuit/2nd IF Circuit The 2nd Mixer consists of FETs Q1083 and Q1084 (both 2SK302Y) on the MAIN Unit, where the 1st IF signal is mixed with the 2nd local signal (67.875 MHz). The resulting output signal (455 kHz) is applied to the 2nd IF filter which is matched to the receiving mode: either CF1004, CF1005 or an optional mechanical filter. Noise Blanker Circuit A portion of the 2nd IF signal is amplified by Noise Blanker Amplifiers Q1075 and Q1079 (both BB305CEW) on the MAIN Unit, and then rectified by D1064 (1SS372). This output is applied to the Noise Blanker Controllers, Q1093 (2SC4154E) and Q1099 (2SA1602A), which a yield Blanking signal according to the timing of the incoming noise pulses. Then Blanking signal controls the Noise Blanker Gate D1066 (BAS316), to slice out the impulse noise from the signal. AGC Circuit The AGC circuit consists of D1061 (1SS372), transistor Q1090 (2SC4154E), and associated parts on the MAIN Unit. Output from the AGC circuit is fed back to the IF AGC circuit that controls the gain of the IF amplifier FETs. FM IF Circuit/FM Demodulator Circuit On FM, the 2nd IF signal passes through the buffer amplifier Q1094 (2SC4154E) and 2nd IF filters (CF1002 and CF1003) to the FM IF IC Q1080 (TA31135FN) which contains a mixer, limiter amplifier, filter amplifier, squelch trigger, and demodulator. The demodulated audio signal at Q1080 passes through a low-pass filter (R1339 and C1282) and a de-emphasis circuit (R1303 and C1345), then proceeds to the Audio Amplifier Circuit. The squelch circuit selectively amplifies the noise component of the demodulator output using the filter amplifier inside the FM IF IC and an active band-pass filter consisting of an externally attached resistor and capacitor. Signal detection is performed by D1057 (DA221). Receive Signal Circuitry RF Stages Signals between 0.1 and 56 MHz received at the antenna terminal pass through a low-pass filter, selected according to the receiving frequency, then pass to another low-pass filter, to remove unwanted out-of-band signals. The filtered receiving signal passes, through one of the following circuits, to the 1st Mixer Q1128 (SPM5001): (1) an attenuator network (-10dB) which consists of resistors R1101, R1108, R1109; (2) a "through" circuit enabled via diodes D1011 and D1012 (both DAP236U); or (3) RF amplifier Q1025 (2SC5374). Received 430 MHz signals, after passing through a high-pass filter composed of L3052, L3059, C3209, C3210, C3219, C3223, and C3319, are passed through low-pass filter composed of L3042, L3045, C3165, C3168, C3177, C3180, C3192, and C3196, and through a directional coupler, to the UHF T/R switch circuit composed of diode switch D3015/D3021 (both UM9957F), D3022, and D3066 (both HSU277). Then the signals are fed to the 1st Mixer Q1128 via the RF-AMP, Q1026 (2SK2685.) Received 145 MHz signals, after passing through a high-pass filter composed of L3060, L3050, L3047, C3200, C3203, C3220, and C3221, are passed through a low-pass filter composed of L3043, L3044, C3167, C3169, C3176, C3179, and C3191, and a directional coupler, to the VHF T/R switch circuit, composed of diode switch D3018/D3020 (both UM9957F). Then the signals are fed to 1st Mixer Q1128 via the RF-AMP, Q1024 (BB304CDW). Received 76-108 MHz signals, after passing through a high-pass filter composed of L3060, L3050, L3047, C3200, C3203, C3220, and C3221, are passed through low-pass filter composed of L3043, L3044, C3167, C3169, C3176, C3179, and C3191, and a directional coupler, to the T/R switch circuit, composed of diode switch D3018/ D3020 (both UM9957F). Then it is fed to the Wide-FM IF IC Q1058 (CXA1611N) on the MAIN Unit. 7 Circuit Description SSB/CW Demodulator Circuit The 2nd IF SSB/CW signal passes through buffer amplifiers Q1088 and Q1081 (both BB305CEW) to the SSB balanced demodulator Q1071 (SA602AD) which produces audio by applying the carrier signal from the CARDDS IC Q1062 (AD9835BRU). The demodulated audio signal is stripped of high-frequency components by an active low-pass filter, op-amp IC Q1120 (NJM2902V), then is applied to the Audio Amplifier Circuit. AM Demodulator Circuit The 2nd IF AM signal passes through buffer amplifiers Q1088 and Q1081 (both BB305CEW) to the AM demodulator D1055 (BAS316), yielding demodulated audio signal which is applied to the Audio Amplifier Circuit. Audio Amplifier Circuit The demodulated audio signal is passed through AF pre-amplifier Q1119 (NJM2902V) and electronic volume control IC Q1087 (M62364EP) to the AF Amplifier IC Q1105 (TDA2003H) which drives the internal or external speaker to a maximum output of approximately 2.5 Watts. AM Modulator Circuit As in the SSB modulator circuit, a carrier signal appropriate to the transmitting mode (AM) from the CARDDS Unit and an audio signal from the microphone are applied to balanced modulator IC Q1071 (SA602AD). The contro ...