PRECAUTIONS IMPORTANT! PLEASE READ BEFORE PROCEEDING. Following the important precautions below will help ensure you many years of trouble free use from your CS1x. LOCATION · In order to avoid causing serious damage to the CS1x, do not expose it to direct sunlight, high temperatures, excessive humidity, excessive dust or strong vibration. · Always place the CS1x on a solid surface such as a keyboard stand or a sturdy table or desk. ELECTRICAL INTERFERENCE · Avoid using the CS1x near televisions, radios or other devices which generate electromagnetic fields, since this may cause the CS1x to malfunction, and possibly generate interference noise in the other devices. diluted, mild detergent. Then wipe the instrument thoroughly with a dry cloth. · Avoid placing vinyl objects on top of the instrument, since vinyl can stick to and discolor the surface. DATA BACKUP BACK-UP BATTERY · The CS1x contains a special long-life battery that retains the contents of its User memory when the power is turned off. The back-up battery should last for several years. When it needs to be replaced, the message "Battery Low" will appear in the display when the power is turned on. When this happens, have the backup battery replaced by qualified Yamaha service personnel. Do not attempt to replace the backup battery yourself. · Yamaha recommends that you regularly save your music data using an external MIDI data storage device such as the Yamaha MDF2 MIDI Data Filer. Yamaha cannot be held responsible for the accidental loss of CS1x data. POWER SUPPLY · Turn the power switch off when the CS1x is not in use. · Use only the supplied PA-3B or an equivalent AC power adaptor. Use of an incompatible adaptor may result in irreparable damage to the CS1x, and could even pose a serious shock hazard. · The power adaptor should be unplugged from the AC outlet if the CS1x is not to be used for an extended period of time. · Unplug the CS1x during electrical storms. · Avoid plugging the CS1x into the same AC outlet as appliances with high power consumption such as electric heaters or ovens. Also avoid using multiple-plug adapters since these can result in reduced sound quality and possibly even damage to the instrument. SERVICE AND MODIFICATION · The CS1x contains no user serviceable parts, so never open the case or tamper with the internal circuitry in any way. Doing so may result in electrical shock or damage to the instrument. Refer all servicing to qualified Yamaha service personnel. HANDLING AND TRANSPORT · Always handle the CS1x with care. Physical shocks caused by dropping, bumping, or placing heavy objects on it can result in serious damage to the CS1x. · Never apply excessive force to the controls, connectors or other parts. · Disconnect all cables before moving the CS1x. Always unplug cables by gripping the plug firmly, and not by pulling on the cable. IMPORTANT NOTE Yamaha cannot be held responsible for damage to the CS1x resulting from improper handling or operation, or for the accidental loss of CS1x data. NOTICES · The company names and product names in this owner's manual are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. · The LCD screens as illustrated in this owner's manual are for instructional purposes, and may appear somewhat different from the screens which appear on your instrument. UNPLUG ALL INSTRUMENTS WHEN MAKING CONNECTIONS · To avoid causing damage to the CS1x and other devices to which it is connected, such as a sound system or MIDI instruments, turn off the power and unplug all related devices prior to connecting or disconnecting audio and MIDI cables. CLEANING · Never use chemical solvents or thinners to clean the CS1x, since these will damage the finish or dull the keys. Wipe the instrument clean with a soft, dry cloth. If necessary, use a soft, clean cloth slightly moistened with a 1 Introduction In the beginning, there was the knob... And the knob was good. Great, in fact. You could just reach out and grab it. Turn it left. And turn it right. Interact with it in realtime. And there were knobs of all kinds. Knobs for changing the attack and release times of a sound. Knobs for setting the cutoff filter and resonance. And knobs for controlling many other aspects of analog synthesizer sounds. By twisting a knob one way and another, a vast, practically endless variety of electronic sounds could be called forth. Fat sounds. Strange sounds. Beautiful sounds. Magical sounds. It was the 1960s, and such was the power of the knob that music was changed forever. And the term synthesizer became a household word. But the knob was not perfect... From the start the knob was brilliant and easy to grasp. It put the musician in complete control of the sound. And opened up a whole new world of sonic exploration. It was the 1970s, and some of the greatest recordings in music history were being made. Analog "synths" were finding their way into the stages, studios and professional composing suites of the world. But as simple, straightforward and powerful as analog synths were, they were also for the most part priced out of reach of the struggling musician. Plus they tended to be sensitive to slight fluctuations in electric current which frequently wreaked havoc with pitch, thus making tuning inherently unstable. And there was no reliable way to save panel settings and original sounds except for tediously scrawling lists and notes with pencil and paper. Surely there must be a better way. Engineers the world over went to work searching for a better way, and great strides were made in the development of more stable, lower cost, and more convenient technologies. A breakthrough in electronic sound synthesis was imminent. Then came the miracle of digital... The beginning of the 1980s saw breakthroughs in digital synthesizer technology which was to once again revolutionize modern music. Musicians everywhere embraced affordable new technologies like FM, which could accurately reproduce the sound characteristics of acoustic and other instruments, and AWM (PCM), which relied on "samples" of actual instrument sounds to produce an amazing wealth of musical textures and sonic options. The new spate of digital synthesizers were--on the outside--much more streamlined than analog synths, sporting a minimal array of buttons and a display screen which provided information about each feature. Overnight the knob was rendered virtually obsolete. Unstable tunings were a thing of the past. Memory was the future. Digital synths were--on the inside--more loaded than ever, as hundreds of amazing acoustic and electronic sounds, or voices, could be stored and recalled at the touch of a button. Scores of new and exciting features were available. Entire panel settings and configurations could also be stored for instant recall. It was the digital revolution that made MIDI, GM, XG, sequencing, sampling, looping, multitimbral play, DSP effects and many other breakthroughs in electronic music technology possible. Developments that have changed forever the way we teach, compose, 2 perform and listen to music. Global design standards ensured that music hardware and software products made by different manufacturers could work together seamlessly. But alas, digital did not create a perfect world. Chaos reigned over the land... As convenient, dynamic and accessible as digital synthesis was, still it was not perfect. It had certain limitations, though different ones than analog synthesis. Streamlined panel layouts and the demise of the knob meant that all those hundreds of great new features had to be organized and stacked in pages and subpages of hidden menus--which might mean several presses of one or more buttons just to find a feature, and several more to actually manipulate it. And the steep learning curve of many digital synthesizers became a legend unto itself. Alarmingly, the synth was on its way to becoming a thing of science, rather than an intuitive musical instrument. It was, therefore, inevitable that many would come to mourn nostalgically for the days of simplicity--for the knob. For those warm, fat, wonderful analog sounds. For fewer hidden features. And for a simpler, easier to use electronic instrument. There was a definite need for an analog-style digital synthesizer that would have intuitive knobs plus all the benefits of digital memories and other convenient--especially interactive--features. One that could satisfy even the most die-hard advocate of analog or digital synthesis. A perfectly versatile synthesizer as attractive to first-time synth owners as to desktop music hobbyists, serious amateurs, and even seasoned professionals. A powerful stand-alone performance instrument with hot dance music and other versatile voices, as suited for the cutting edge as for the classics. An ideal multitimbral MIDI component which could fit right into even the most sophisticated expanded system. One with extremely modest pricing for such powerful utility. It was only a matter of time before the thunder of analog would unite with the lightning of digital to once again challenge convention and ultimately change the landscape of music possibilities yet once more. on the panel. A collection of six rotary Sound Control Knobs are irresistible to the touch--and provide instant sonic results when turned. Between the Sound Control Knobs, the clearly labeled panel switches, and the back lit LCD, the current status of the CS1x is always crystal clear. The numeric keypad and other buttons--including Scenes, or "snapshots" of knob positions--give you quick and easy access to any parameter or setup you need, the moment you need it. As such, the CS1x is an unprecedented realtime performance instrument. The hundreds of great sounding AWM2 (Advanced Wave Memory 2) instrument voices (created from high quality recordings of actual instrument and other sounds), three digital effects units (with 11 Reverb, 11 Chorus and 43 Variation type effects) and scores of other parameters can be configured in an almost unlimited variety of ways and stored in memory for instant recall. Performances, or complete configurations of up to four Layers (voices) playing simultaneously, plus effect and other parameters, and Multis, or a configuration of up to 16 Parts and other parameters for multitimbral play (using an external sequencer or computer), provide a unique array of options which make the CS1x a handy synth for literally any type of music situation. Thirty-two notes of polyphony ensure that you always have enough available notes to play even the most demanding arrangement. The on-board arpeggiator which can generate various types of automatic arpeggios or be controlled by an external MIDI clock provides an extremely useful tool for spicing up your masterpieces--or setting the dance floor on fire. Go forth and multiply... As simple--yet powerful--as the CS1x is on its own, it has also been specially engineered to easily fit right into any type of expanded music system you wish to create. General MIDI (GM) compatibility makes the CS1x an ideal multitimbral tone generator for accurately playing any of the many Standard MIDI File or other commercially available GM music data using an external sequencer. XG compatibility makes the CS1x completely state of the art-- conveniently able to take advantage of the expanded sound and expressive capabilities that this exciting new format will offer in the coming months and years. A TO HOST terminal and HOST SELECT switch provides for direct interface with either PC and Macintosh computers, thus enabling you to easily jump right into the "desktop music" revolution without the need for any additional peripheral interfacing equipment. If you're a first-time synthesizer owner, the CS1x lets you expand your music system at your own pace. First you might want to add an affordable Yamaha QY series sequencer and take advantage of the CS1x's powerful multitimbral capabilities. With a QY sequencer you can record and play back up to 16 music "parts", each on an independent MIDI channel--just like a multitrack recorder, but with virtually unlimited editing capabilities. Next you might want to add the compact, low-cost Yamaha SU10 sampler which lets you capture music phrases and other sounds to add an entirely unique dimension to your music. Finally you might want to add a computer which will let you take advantage of the many different types of music software products now available plus those yet to come. With the CS1x at the heart of your system, you're ready to grow your own unique music system and take your musical capabilities as far as you want--naturally. 3 And Yamaha heard their cries... Fortunately Yamaha recognized that something new and significant must be created to bring together the best of both analog and digital worlds. The result was the Yamaha Control Synthesizer CS1x. The CS1x takes the best of analog--simplicity of use, natural interactivity ...