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The COMPLETE GUIDE TO HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING WITH YOUR PANTERA COMPUTER User's Guide ® © Copyright 1995 Micron Electronics, Inc. All rights reserved ZEOS shall not be held liable for technical or editorial omissions or errors made herein; nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from furnishing, performance, or use of this material. This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. No part of this document may be photocopied or reproduced by mechanical, electronic, or other means in any form without prior written permission of ZEOS. Limitation of remedies and liabilities: ZEOS' entire liability and customers' exclusive and sole remedy for damages from any cause whatsoever (including without limitation any nonperformance, misrepresentation, or breach of warranty) shall be limited to returning the products pursuant to the thirty (30) day money-back guarantee, or to repair or replace specific products or services that do not comply with the Limited Warranty offered by ZEOS. In no event will ZEOS be liable for any damages caused, in whole or in part, by customer, or for any economic loss, physical injury, lost revenues, lost profits, lost savings or other indirect, incidental, special or consequential damages incurred by any person, even if ZEOS has been advised of the possibility of such damage for claims. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages for consumer products, and some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. Trademark Acknowledgments Adaptec is the trademark of Adaptec, Inc. IBM, XT, AT, and OS/2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. UNIX is a trademark of AT&T Laboratories. Phoenix is the trademark of Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Quadtel is the trademark of Quadtel Corp., A Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Co. Intel, 486SX, DX, DX2, DX4, and Pentium are trademarks of Intel Corporation. XENIX, MS-DOS, GW-Basic, Windows, and Microsoft are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. 700-0221-00 BOA0 2 ZEOS Computer Systems One Year Limited Warranty All new ZEOS computer systems come with a One Year Limited Warranty which provides that the products ZEOS manufactures or assembles, other than items such as software, disks and related documentation, will remain in good working condition, free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service, for a period of one year from the date of shipment from ZEOS. This warranty is limited to the original purchaser and is not transferable. During this one year period, ZEOS will repair or replace, at its option, any defective product or parts at no additional charge to the customer, provided that the defective product or part is returned, shipment prepaid, to ZEOS. All replaced products and parts become the property of ZEOS. Replacement parts shall be similar new or serviceable used parts. This Limited Warranty does not extend to any products which have been damaged as a result of accident, misuse, abuse (such as incorrect voltages, power surges, improper or insufficient ventilation, failure to follow ZEOS' provided operating instructions, "acts of God" or other situations beyond the control of ZEOS), or as the result of service or modification by anyone other than ZEOS. Non-ZEOS installed parts or components are not covered, nor is damage to ZEOS provided components covered as a result of their installation. This warranty does not cover work performed by others, all warranty work must be performed by ZEOS. ZEOS provides no warranties whatsoever on software. EXCEPT AS SPECIFICALLY PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION, THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 3 Contents 1. The Big Picture .......................................................................... 9 Desktop System At A Glance .................................................. 10 Tower System At A Glance ...................................................... 12 How to Open a Desktop Case ................................................. 14 How to Open a Tower Case ..................................................... 16 Inside a Desktop Computer ..................................................... 18 Inside a Tower Computer ......................................................... 19 2. The Mainboard ......................................................................... 20 Mainboard Features ................................................................. 20 PCI Local Bus 32-Bit High Speed Expansion Slots .............................. 21 Secondary Cache Subsystem ............................................................... 21 Continuous Full-Speed Processing ....................................................... 21 On-Board Peripherals ............................................................................ 22 Serial Ports ........................................................................................... 23 Parallel Port ........................................................................................... 24 PCI SCSI/ Ethernet Port ........................................................................ 25 Mainboard Diagram ................................................................. 26 Mainboard Connectors ............................................................. 27 Jumper Settings ....................................................................... 28 Mainboard Jumpers ................................................................. 29 Mainboard Jumpers Described ................................................ 30 CLR1 ..................................................................................................... 30 CLK1 ...................................................................................................... 31 Other Mainboard Features ....................................................... 31 3. Using SETUP............................................................................ 33 Main Menu ............................................................................... 34 Main Menu Options .................................................................. 35 System Time ......................................................................................... 35 System Date .......................................................................................... 35 Daylight Savings .................................................................................... 35 Diskette Drive A: ................................................................................... 35 Diskette Drive B: ................................................................................... 35 IDE Adapters (Four Provided) ............................................................... 36 Video System ........................................................................................ 38 Memory Control .................................................................................... 38 4 Memory Shadow ................................................................................... 40 System Memory .................................................................................... 41 Extended Memory ................................................................................. 41 Advanced Menu ....................................................................... 42 Integrated Peripherals ........................................................................... 42 PCI Devices .......................................................................................... 44 BIOS Enable Bus Master ...................................................................... 44 Plug & Play O/S ..................................................................................... 44 Reset Configuration Data ...................................................................... 45 Large Disk Access Mode ...................................................................... 45 OS Support for More Than 64MB .......................................................... 45 Security Options....................................................................... 46 Supervisor Password is ........................................................................ 46 User Password is .................................................................................. 46 Password on boot .................................................................................. 47 Diskette access .................................................................................... 47 Fixed disk boot sector ........................................................................... 47 System backup reminder ...................................................................... 47 Virus check reminder ............................................................................ 47 Power Options.......................................................................... 48 APM (Automatic Power Management) ................................................... 48 Power Management Mode ..................................................................... 48 Parallel Port Activity .............................................................................. 49 Serial Port Activity ................................................................................ 49 IRQn ...................................................................................................... 49 Exit Menu Options ................................................................... 50 4. Expanding Your System .......................................................... 51 Adding an Expansion Board ..................................................... 51 How Disk Drives Work .............................................................. 53 How a Floppy Drive Works ....................................................... 54 How an IDE Hard Drive Works ................................................. 55 How a CD-ROM Drive Works ................................................... 56 Adding System RAM ................................................................ 57 Installing SIMMs....................................................................... 58 Adding System Cache Memory ............................................... 60 Installing a New CPU ............................................................... 62 5 5. Mainboard Specifications ....................................................... 64 Mainboard Environmental Specifications ................................. 64 9-Pin Serial Port (J2) Pin Assignment ...................................... 65 25-Pin Serial Port (J3) Pin Assignment .................................... 65 Parallel Port (J4) Pin Assignment............................................. 67 Handy Cheat Sheet ...................................................................... 69 Glossary ....................................................................................... 71 Index ............................................................................................. 73 6 FCC Compliance Statement For US and Canadian Users Warning! Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15, Subpart B of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures. · Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. · Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. · Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is needed. · Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. The connection of a non-shielded equipment interface cable to this equipment will invalidate the FCC Certification of this device and may cause interference levels which exceed the limits established by the FCC for this equipment. This equipment is a Class B digital apparatus which complies with the Radio Interference Regulations, C.R.C., c. 1374. Cet appareil numèrique de la classe B est conformè au Règlement sur le brouillage radioèlèctrique, C.R.C., ch. 1374. 7 Customer Assurance Program Thirty (30) Day Money-Back Guarantee on Most Products. Any product (except for software, software disks, related documentation and consumables) purchased from ZEOS may be returned within thirty days from the date it was shipped by ZEOS for a full refund of the purchase price excluding original shipping charges. Returned products must be in as new condition, in original packing, complete with all warranty cards, manuals, cables and other materials as originally shipped; not modified or damaged. Any returned product must be shipped prepaid and insured. Any return must carry a ZEOS Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number, obtained from ZEOS, on the outside of each carton. Returns without RMA numbers will not be accepted. After thirty days from shipment, all sales are final and credit or refunds will not be given. 8 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture 1. The Big Picture Welcome to the ZEOS User's Guide! The User's Guide works with the Getting Started manual to help keep your system running trouble free, year after year. This User's Guide is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1, The Big Picture gives an overview of a typical desktop and tower system. It also shows the major components inside the computer case. Chapter 2, The Mainboard gives detailed information about your mainboard. Chapter 3, Using SETUP explains how to use the SETUP utility program to customize the built-in features of your system's BIOS (Basic Input/Output System). Chapter 4, Expanding Your System shows how to add components and enhancements to your system. These include a video adapter card, a controller card, an internal modem, a floppy drive, an IDE hard drive, a CD-ROM drive, memory RAM SIMMs, system cache, and a new CPU. Chapter 5, Mainboard Specifications includes your mainboard specifications, environmental specifications, plus pin assignments for your serial and parallel ports. The Handy Cheat Sheet gives a short summary of some of the most needed or most forgotten commands. The Glossary gives short definitions of some common computer terms. 9 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Desktop System At A Glance Desktop Front Brightness Power LED Contrast Hard Disk (HDD) LED Monitor Power Switch Reset Button Computer Power Switch (the "ON" button) Keyboard Lock Turbo Button (not used) Turbo LED (not used) Drive bays with CDROM drive and 3.5" Floppy Drive 10 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Desktop Rear AC Power Cable 110-220V Switch Mouse Cable Connector (9-pin Serial COMA) Cooling Fan Video Connector (location varies with model) Parallel Printer Port Connector (LPT1) AC Power Cable Keyboard Connector Secondary Serial Port (25-pin COMB) 11 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Tower System At A Glance Turbo LED (not used) Turbo Button (not used) Hard Disk (HDD) LED Power LED Reset Button Computer Power Switch (the "ON" button) Keyboard Lock Drive bays with CD-ROM drive and 3.5" Floppy Drive Brightness Contrast Monitor Power Switch Tower Front 12 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Secondary Serial Port (25-pin COMB) Keyboard Connector Cooling Fan AC Power Cable AC Power Cable Mouse Cable Connector (9-pin Serial COMA) Parallel Printer Port Connector (LPT1) Tower Rear Video Connector (location varies with model) 13 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture How to Open a Desktop Case Caution: Whenever you open the case or work inside the computer there is danger of static electric shock. These shocks can permanently damage your equipment. Always ground yourself by touching the system cabinet before touching any internal component. We strongly recommend using an antistatic wrist strap attached to cabinet ground. To open a desktop case: 1. Turn off the monitor and system unit power. Unplug the AC power cables and disconnect any other cables attached to the back of the system unit. 2. Remove the plastic bezel from the back of the case by pulling it away from the case. 3. Unscrew the five mounting screws at the back of the case that hold the case cover to the system unit chassis. 4. Slide the case cover back and up. Be careful not to snag any cables or connectors inside the case. 5. Set the case cover aside while you work on your system. 6. When through, reattach the case cover, screws, bezel, and cables in the reverse order. The illustrations opposite show the plastic bezel, screw locations, and how to remove a desktop PC's cover. 14 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Mounting Screws Cover Chassis Plastic Bezel 15 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture How to Open a Tower Case Caution: Whenever you open the case or work inside the computer there is danger of static electric shock. These shocks can permanently damage your equipment. Always ground yourself by touching the system cabinet before touching any internal component. We strongly recommend using an antistatic wrist strap attached to cabinet ground. Opening a tower case is almost identical to opening a desktop case. To open a tower case: 1. Turn off the monitor and system unit power. Unplug the AC power cables and disconnect any other cables attached to the back of the system unit. 2. Remove the plastic bezel from the rear of the case by pulling it away from the case. 3. Unscrew the six mounting screws at the back of the case that hold the case cover to the system unit chassis. 4. Slide the case cover back and up, taking care not to snag any cables or connectors inside. 5. Set the case cover aside while you work on your system. 6. Afterwards, reattach the case cover, screws, bezel, and cables in the reverse order. The illustrations opposite show the plastic bezel, screw locations, and cover motion for a tower case. 16 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Mounting Screws Cover Plastic Bezel Chassis 17 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Inside a Desktop Computer Expansion Slots Power Supply Hard Disk Drive Mainboard CPU Front of Computer Floppy Drives, CD-ROM Drives, and TapeBackup Units The mainboard is the large circuit board at the bottom of the chassis. It is the heart of your system. All of the other components inside the case work for the mainboard. The power supply delivers electricity to the mainboard. The disk drives, keyboard connectors, and other parts of the system unit bring information to and from the mainboard. The figure above shows some of the most common components inside the computer. 18 Chapter 1 - The Big Picture Inside a Tower Computer Power Supply Floppy Drives, CD-ROM Drives, and TapeBackup Units Front of Computer Hard Disk Drive Expansion Slots Mainboard CPU Tower systems have the same components as desktop systems. The figure above shows the mainboard and typical components inside a Tower case. 19 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard 2. The Mainboard The mainboard is the largest circuit board in the computer. It contains the CPU (Central Processing Unit), the Level 2 cache, expansion slots, ports and connectors for other components, and the system's main memory, or RAM (Random Access Memory). Mainboard Features Standard Features: · Intel Pentium (P54C) 75, 90, 100, 120, or 133 MHz · Optional 256K Level 2 system cache, write-back, direct-mapped · Integrated on-board floppy drive controller · Two on-board IDE hard drive interface ports supporting up to 4 IDE devices (both PCI local bus) · EPP/ECP parallel port, software configurable · Two RS232, 16550 high-speed serial ports · RAM Configurations: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,12, 16, 32, 64, 128, 192, 384MB, etc. (See RAM Configurations, Chapter 4) · 400MB maximum RAM capacity · Flash BIOS, relocatable to system RAM to boost performance · Five 16-bit ISA expansion slots · Three 32-bit PCI local bus expansion slots · Clock/calendar with on-board battery backup · APM power management Factory Installed Options: · AMD SCSI controller on PCI bus · AMD network controller on PCI bus · AMD combined SCSI/network controller on PCI bus 20 Chapter 2- The Mainboard PCI Local Bus 32-Bit High Speed Expansion Slots The three PCI local bus, high speed expansion slots move information at up to 132 MB/s. This offers a high performance, 32-bit interface to support local bus peripherals such as video cards, LAN adapters and hard disk drives. Secondary Cache Subsystem The secondary (Level 2) cache subsystem enhances the performance of the CPU. The on-board cache controller allows cache memory to provide an ultra high-speed, 9- or 15-nanosecond buffer between the CPU and conventional (60 or 70ns) RAM. Your system can accommodate 0K or 256K of Level 2 cache. The single cache slot (labelled Cache Socket) is located next to the CPU. Continuous Full-Speed Processing Pantera systems now run continuously at maximum speed, eliminating Turbo Mode. Because of this, the Turbo button and Turbo LED are not used on Pantera systems. 21 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard On-Board Peripherals Your mainboard has all of the standard peripheral interfaces and many extras built in. This eliminates the need for many peripheral expansion cards and greatly enhances system reliability. Integrated on-board peripherals include: · Two serial ports (16550 UART) · Enhanced (EPP), Extended Capabilities (ECP), or bi-directional parallel port (assigned through SETUP) · Floppy drive controller (handles floppy drives up to 2.88Mb) · Two PCI local bus IDE hard drive controller ports, each capable of controlling two hard drives Factory installed options: · SCSI port (supports both SCSI-1 and -2 type devices) · Ethernet port 22 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard Serial Ports Your mainboard has two RS-232C asynchronous serial ports, which are usually referred to as COM1 or (9-pin) and COM2 (25-pin) ports. The serial ports are used to attach mice, serial printers, modems, or other serial peripheral devices. Both serial ports are 16550 UART compatible for higher data transfer rates. You can install up to two additional serial ports (COM3 and COM4) simultaneously in your system. However, because MS-DOS does not manage more than two COM ports simultaneously very well, you shouldn't attempt to use more than two COM ports at the same time. Specifically, don't try to use COM1 and COM3 at the same time, or COM2 and COM4 at the same time. 23 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard Parallel Port Your computer's 25-pin parallel port is often called the printer port because it is usually used for printers. However, new devices that use this communication line, such as SCSI and network adapters, are rapidly entering the market. Your parallel port now fully supports the new IEEE 1284 parallel port specification. IEEE 1284 specifies how to speedup data transfers between a PC and peripheral devices, as well as ways to enhance the port's capabilities. IEEE 1284 is divided into three levels, or "modes," each offering different features: Bi-directional, Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP), and Extended Capabilities Port (ECP). Your Pantera can use all these modes. Pantera also incorporates "ChiProtect" circuitry which protects your computer from damage caused during printer power-on. Following are some features of your Pantera's parallel port modes. Bi-directional parallel port mode: Two-way communication between your PC and your printer, controlled by the PC. Allows parallel port to receive as well as send data. Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) mode: Up to 300KB/sec. Two-way communication between a PC and parallel devices. Support includes onscreen status-reporting printers. Enables daisy chaining of up to seven devices from the parallel port using passthrough connectors on the peripheral devices. Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) mode: Up to 2MB/sec. two-way communication between a PC and parallel devices, as well as Direct Memory Access (DMA) and a memory buffer to smooth multitasking. Can compress data. May allow LAN-like networking between two PCs with parallel ports joined by high-speed cables. 24 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard PCI SCSI/ Ethernet Port The optional on-board SCSI (host adapter allows you to connect and control up to seven peripheral devices such as SCSI-compatible disk drives, tape backup units, communications devices, and CD-ROM drives. The SCSI port is a parallel, multitasking interface which supports both SCSI-1 and SCSI-2 devices. The SCSI port is configured from the system SETUP program. For SCSI system setup parameters, refer to the SCSI Control Menu in Using SETUP. The SCSI host adapter socket can also accept an Ethernet LAN controller chip allowing you to make direct Ethernet LAN connections for high speed local area network communications. Note: The on-board SCSI and LAN options are factory installed options only. The onboard SCSI and LAN option can only be upgraded at the time of purchase. 25 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard Mainboard Diagram 16 bit ISA Expansion Slots BIOS Chip 32-bit PCI Expansion Slots 16 bit ISA Expansion Slots Main Power P8, P9 9-pin Serial Keyboard Port COMA Connector J2 J1 25-pin Serial Port COMB J4 Parallel Port J5 Standard Power Connector P8 P9 BIOS DB9 CLR1 System Battery slot 1 slot 2 slot 6 slot 7 slot 8 Parallel J2 slot 3 slot 4 slot 5 IR COM J3 DB25 J4 J5 PWR1 Secondary Power P10 Floppy Floppy Header J6 Secondary IDE Hard Drive Header J7 Primary IDE Hard Drive Header J9 3v Power Conn. P10 Legacy ISA Header J8 RJ-45 J6 J7 3rd & 4th IDE HDD's or IDE CDROM J8 1st & 2nd IDE HDD's J10 J9 10BaseT LAN J10 BNC 1 FD1 LAN Filter Chip J11 CLK1 10Base2/AUI LAN J11 Assembly : 010-0051-xx CPU Clock Jumper CLK1 AMD LAN/SCSI Chip Bank 0a Bank 0b Bank 1a Bank 1b Bank 2a Bank 2b SCSI Device Header J12 J12 SCSI Cache Socket Secondary CPU U18 VREG1 Pin1 Voltage Regulator Header VREG1 RAM SIMM Sockets Primary CPU HDD LED J13 Socket 5 Primary CPU U25 SPEAKER KBDLOCK RESET PDF boa.cdr 950510 Speaker Header J13 Keyboard Lock J14 Reset J15 On-board System RAM (if installed) J14 J13 26 J15 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard Mainboard Connectors Connectors and headers are used to attach devices to the mainboard. Attached devices can be internal (e.g., hard disk indicator lights), or external (e.g., serial and parallel ports). The most commonly used connectors are shown in the Mainboard Diagram. The table below provides a brief summary. Table 1. - Mainboard Connectors Connector ID J1 P8, P9 P10 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8 J9 J10 J11 J12 J13 J14 J15 Description Keyboard connector Main power supply header PCI 3.3-Volt power supply header DB9: First serial port BIOS chip DB25: Second serial port LPT1: Parallel "printer" port header Floppy disk drive header Secondary IDE header (3rd & 4th IDE HDDs) Legacy ISA header Primary IDE header (1st & 2nd IDE HDDs) 10BaseT LAN header 10Base2/AUI LAN header SCSI device header SPEAKER output, HDD LED output KBDLOCK: Keyboard Lock input RESET switch header 27 3rd & 4th IDE HDD's or IDE CDROM SCSI 1st & 2nd IDE HDD's J5 Floppy Parallel 1 Bank 0b Bank 1a Bank 0a DB25 J2 DB9 IR COM J3 J4 Bank 1b Bank 2a J9 P10 J7 J6 Bank 2b Jumper Settings RESET PDF BOAJMP .CDR 950510 Standard Power Connector P9 P8 3v Power Conn. J12 White Red FD1 LAN Filter Chip J15 KBDLOCK CLR1 SPEAKER RJ-45 Black Red HDD BNC Black Red J13 Primary CPU BIOS Chapter 2 - The Mainboard J8 CLK1 CLK1 CLR1 CLK1 CLK1 CLK1 (Default) This jumper should always be set in this position. CLK1 CLK1 VREG1 75MHz Pentium CPU (50MHz) 90MHz Pentium CPU (60MHz) 100MHz Pentium CPU (66MHz) 120MHz Pentium CPU (60MHz) 133MHz Pentium CPU (66MHz) Add jumper here ONLY if a AMD LAN or LAN/SCSI combo chip is installed. Set other jumpers on block per CPU speeds as normal (left). (20MHz) These jumpers should always be this way. Remove them only when a "VR Module" is to be installed into the VREG1 socket Socket 5 28 Assembly : 010-0051-xx AMD LAN/SCSI Chip J10 J11 PWR1 White Blue Black Cache Socket Green J14 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 J15: Reset Switch J14: Power LED, Keyboard Lock Mainboard Jumpers J13: Internal Speaker, Hard Disk Drive LED CLR1: Clear CMOS Jumper CLK1: CPU Speed/Bus Speed Jumper; AMD SCSI, LAN Chips Reset Enable CMOS Battery 75MHz/50MHz Bus 90MHz/60MHz Bus 100MHz/66MHz Bus Speaker On AMD LAN Chip, LAN/SCSI Chip (20MHz) Power LED 29 HDD LED Clear CMOS Reset 120MHz/60MHz Bus 133MHz/66MHz Bus 100MHz/50MHz Bus AMD SCSI Chip (40MHz) Keyboard Lock Chapter 2 - The Mainboard HDD LED Chapter 2 - The Mainboard Mainboard Jumpers Described Jumpers are small groups of pins that can be connected or disconnected with jumper caps. To connect a jumper, carefully place the jumper cap over the pins you wish to connect, then gently press down. The mainboard uses six jumpers, allowing great system flexibility. However, most system settings are stored in battery-backed CMOS (Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) memory. You can use the BIOS SETUP program to change settings stored in the CMOS. Other mainboards use jumpers to configure upgrade options and parameters on the mainboard. Pantera mainboards use the SETUP program and the FLASH programming utility instead, making BIOS changes and upgrades without removing the BIOS chip. CLR1 The CLR1 jumper holds or resets the factory default BIOS settings stored in the CMOS (Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) BIOS chip. You should not clear the CMOS memory unless it becomes corrupted and cannot be reprogrammed with the SETUP program, which also can reset the factory default BIOS settings. To clear the CMOS memory, turn off system power, then momentarily place the jumper in the CLEAR position, then return the jumper to the normal position (Enable CMOS battery). Your system will not operate with the jumper in the CLEAR position, so be sure to return the CLR1 jumper to the normal position. 30 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard CLK1 The CLK1 jumper sets the speed of the system clock, and enables the appropriate AMD LAN or SCSI chip (optional). It will be set correctly to work with your system, so don't change this jumper unless you change CPUs. Pins Jumpered 1-2 1-2, 3-4, 5-6 5-6 1-2, 3-4 1-2, 5-6 3-4, 5-6 7-8 7-8 not jumpered CPU Clock Speed (MHz) 100 100 90 133 75 120 Enables AMD SCSI chip (40MHz) Bus Clock Speed (MHz) 66 50 60 66 50 60 Enables AMD LAN or SCSI/LAN chip (20MHz) See the diagram, Mainboard Jumpers, for the location of these jumpers. Other Mainboard Features CPU Pipelining Increases data throughput by allowing the CPU to start the next machine cycle before it finishes processing the current one. (continued next page) 31 Chapter 2 - The Mainboard Burst Cache Module (Synchronous) During a single machine cycle, a bursting CPU generates a beginning address and a quantity of bytes for the Level 2 cache to expect. Then the CPU transfers that quantity of bytes as a single package, without needing to generate any intermediate addresses. Speed: 9 nanoseconds. Asynchronous Cache Module An asynchronous cache can generate wait states that tell the CPU to delay transferring information until valid data is ready to be transferred to or from the Level 2 cache. Speed: 15 nanoseconds. 32 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP 3. Using SETUP The SETUP utility program allows you to customize the power-on initialization parameters of your computer's BIOS (Basic Input/Output System). You may need to use the SETUP program if you add components to your system. To run the BIOS SETUP program, press F2 during system boot. Once inside SETUP, you can reach different sections by pressing the right/left arrow keys on your keyboard. Inside each section, you can go into a subsection (indicated by a right-pointing triangle on the left side of the screen) by moving to it with the up/down arrow keys, then pressing the Enter key. Setup's five sections are Main, Advanced, Security, Power, and Exit. Each section contains topics you can view or adjust to suit your system's needs. SETUP allows you to customize various system parameters, although our technicians optimize them for your system as shipped. If you inadvertently change BIOS values that cause your system to malfunction, you can simply reload the original factory default settings from ROM by entering SETUP, then pressing the F9 key. Otherwise, you can load the most recently saved settings from battery backed CMOS by pressing F10. Within SETUP, pressing F1 toggles the General Help window, while the right-hand panel describes the function of the currently highlighted topic. To change your BIOS settings, first use the arrow keys to highlight the desired topic, then press the space bar or the <+> or <->key on the numeric keypad to rotate through the available options. Note: only an item whose label is surrounded by [square brackets] may be changed; values not in brackets can only be viewed. Once you've finished customizing your BIOS settings, press the Esc key a couple times to reach the Exit menu. There you can decide if you really want to keep your changes, if you'd prefer to return to the factory defaults, or if you want to go back to using your previously saved values. In any case, remember you can always change the BIOS settings again next time you boot up. 33 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Main Menu Your system's BIOS settings were configured at the factory to maximize performance with the options you ordered. Generally, you need to run SETUP only if you install a new or different hard drive, if the on-board battery fails, or if you otherwise add to or change your basic hardware. SETUP's Main Menu allows you to view and configure several basic parameters, including system time, date, and daylight savings, Diskette A and B, system memory (RAM) timing, memory shadowing, boot sequence options, and video system type. The Main Menu lets you configure four PCI local bus IDE devices: · IDE Adapter 0 Master (Drive letter, capacity in megabytes) · IDE Adapter 0 Slave (Drive letter, capacity in megabytes) · IDE Adapter 1 Master (Drive letter, capacity in megabytes) · IDE Adapter 1 Slave (Drive letter, capacity in megabytes) Each of the four IDE Adapter subsections lets you view and customize the settings for a separate PCI local bus IDE device attached directly to you mainboard. The subsections are described on the following pages. SETUP's Main Menu also contains subsections for Memory Control, Memory Shadow, and Boot Sequence. Finally, System Memory and Extended Memory are displayed. At the very bottom is a chart showing how to navigate and change values in SETUP. 34 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Main Menu Options System Time Sets the real-time clock, using a 24-hour format. During the power-up sequence, the real time is read and saved in memory for use by the operating system. After boot up, the operating system updates the system time. System Date Sets the real-time date for month, day, and year. During the power-up sequence, this information is read and saved in memory for use by the operating system to determine the current date. After completing the power-up sequence, the operating system updates the current date. Daylight Savings Adjusts system clock for daylight savings time. Default: Enabled. Diskette Drive A: Specifies the size and capacity of the floppy-disk drive installed as drive A. Options: Not Installed, 360K, 720K, 1.2MB, 1.44MB, and 2.88MB. Default: 1.44MB. Diskette Drive B: Specifies the size and capacity of floppy-disk drive B. Default: Not Installed. (more settings, next page) 35 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP IDE Adapters (Four Provided) There are four IDE Adapter subsections: IDE Adapter 0 Master, IDE Adapter 0 Slave, IDE Adapter 1 Master, IDE Adapter 1 Slave. Each has a submenu which allows you to view and change configurations of an IDE device attached to your on-board IDE Hard Drive headers, J9 and J7. The IDE Adapter subsections list the IDE devices that are currently installed. Your Primary hard drive (J9) is listed as IDE Adapter 0 Master. You can attach a second hard drive to the same cable as IDE Adapter 0 Slave, then two more devices on the Secondary connector (J7) as IDE Adapter 1 Master, or IDE Adapter 1 Slave. The following page describes the contents of each IDE Adapter subsection. Note: If you attach two drives to a single drive cable, it doesn't matter whether or not the Master drive is connected to the end or the middle, as long as one drive is configured as Master and the other drive is configured as Slave. Also, before you add a separate hard drive, see its manual for Master/Slave configuration instructions. Autotype Fixed Disk This utility automatically detects and configures your IDE Adapter, if the device conforms to ANSI (American National Standards Institute) specifications. ZEOS drives are configured at the factory, so to add a hard drive you just run Autotype. If Autotype is successful, it will identify your hard drive type and display the drive parameters. Otherwise, you can select one of the established drive type numbers from the Type list, or select Type USER to set Cylinders, Heads, Sectors/Track and Write Precomp settings yourself, using information supplied by the device's manufacturer. Note: Don't alter drive parameters unless you change or add a hard drive. 36 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Multi-Sector Transfer Determines the number of sectors per block for multiple sector transfers. Options are Disabled, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 sectors. Older hard drives (and even some newer drives) will not work properly if the number of sectors is set too high. Default: Disabled. Note: Before adding a new hard drive or formatting one from Zeos, first disable Multi-Sector Transfers, then format the drive, then run FDISK. Later, you can enable Multi-Sector Transfers again. Write Precomp Write Precompensation. In older hard drives, this setting tells the drive to apply a stronger magnetic field to inner tracks of the disk to compensate for magnetic drift. Your hard disk manufacturer's documentation should tell you if your drive requires this setting. Default: None (Disabled). Prefetch (Master drives only) Controls a hard drive feature that fetches and catches disk data bordering the last spot accessed. This "prefetched" data is can then be reached quickly by the CPU. Settings: Disabled, Enabled. Default: Enabled. LBA Mode Control Enables or disables Logical Block Addressing, which allows you to use IDE hard drives that store over 528 MB. Options: Disabled, Enabled. Default: Disabled. 32-Bit I/O Reports 32-bit access status. Always Enabled. (more settings, next page) 37 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Transfer Mode Reports disk data transfer mode, determined by the Autotype utility. Settings: Standard, Fast PIO 1, Fast PIO 2, Fast PIO 3, Fast PIO 4. Default: Standard (determined by Autotype). Video System Sets the video type. Options: Monochrome, CGA 80 x 25 (80 column Color Graphics), or EGA/VGA (Enhanced/Video Graphics Adapter). Default: EGA/VGA. Memory Control The Memory Control subsection lets you view and change DRAM (system RAM) Timing, enable/disable the L2 (Level 2) External Cache, and determine which shadowed upper memory regions (in addition to system and video) are allowed to be cached in a special superfast (9-15ns) 256K SIMM. DRAM Speed Sets the upper limit for DRAM (system RAM) speed to 60ns or 70ns (nanoseconds). DRAM Speed must be set to match the slowest SIMM in your memory slots. Default: 70ns. 38 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Memory Interleave (System DRAM) Reports the current DRAM interleave configuration determined automatically by the BIOS. Options: No Interleave, or the following Combinations: 1) Bank 0 and 1, 2) Bank 0 and 3, 3) Bank 1 and 2, 4) Bank 2 and 3, 5) Banks 0, 1 and 2, 3 6) Banks 0, 3 and 1, 2. Memory interleaving can increase the apparent speed of memory access. By using separate memory banks for odd and even addresses, the next byte of memory can be used while the current byte is being refreshed. Pairs of identical SIMMs must be properly installed to make this feature available. General Restrictions: · SIMMs must be 64-bits wide · SIMMs must be the same type (single- or double-sided) Restrictions for double-sided SIMMs: · Combination 2 will not work unless only Banks 0 and 3 are filled · Combination 3 will not work unless only Banks 1 and 2 are filled External Cache Enables or disables the L2 (Level 2) External Cache. If the Level 2 cache SIMM is present, it offers a 15-nanosecond buffer between your CPU and regular (50-70ns) system RAM. Normally L2 cache speeds up your system, but because some software has problems with L2 caching, you may (rarely) need to disable the External Cache. Default: Enabled. (more settings, next page) 39 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Cache Memory Regions Allows you to choose which specific shadowed BIOS memory regions (in addition to System code and Video code) will be cached. Regions are identified by hexadecimal (base 16) addresses. Default: All specific regions Disabled. Memory Shadow BIOS shadowing copies data from portions of the computer's slower ROM (Read-Only Memory) chips into much faster DRAM (system RAM) chips in system memory. This data can then be read more quickly by the CPU, so system performance improves. The Memory Shadow subsection lets you make certain regions of your upper memory (other than that reserved for basic system and video) available for BIOS shadowing. System Shadow Not adjustable. System Shadow is always Enabled. Video Shadow Not adjustable. Video Shadow is always Enabled. Shadow Memory Regions Allows additional specific ROM memory regions (other than System and Video) to be shadowed in upper RAM memory. When enabled, this ROM region will be copied to shadow RAM when you boot up. Regions are identified by hexadecimal (Base 16) addresses. Default: All specific regions Disabled. 40 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Boot Sequence Configures the following bootup procedures and reports: -Boot Sequence: A then C (default), C then A, C only. -Setup Prompt: Disabled or Enabled (default). -POST Errors: Disabled or Enabled (default). -Floppy check: Disabled or Enabled (default). -Summary screen: Disabled or Enabled (default). -Numlock: Auto (default), On, Off. -Key Click: Disabled (default) or Enabled. -Keyboard auto-repeat rate: 2, 6, 10, 13.3, 18.5, 21.8, 26.7, or 30/second. Default: 30/second. -Keyboard auto-repeat delay: 1/4, 1/2 (default), 3/4, 1 second. System Memory Reports system memory amount. Not alterable. Extended Memory Reports extended memory amount. Not alterable. 41 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Advanced Menu Warning! Setting these items incorrectly could cause your system to malfunction. Never needlessly change from the defaults. The Advanced Menu reports or controls the status of Integrated Peripherals, PCI Devices, Advanced Chipset Control, Plug & Play O/S, Reset Configuration Data, and Large Disk Access Mode. Integrated Peripherals Configures your serial and parallel ports, as well as your on-board floppy disk controller, and your on-board IDE controller. The following list describes each of these parameters. 1st COM Port When 1st COM Port is set to Auto, the system will automatically set the interrupt and IRQ for that port. Otherwise this option allows you to choose (from a list) the I/O address and IRQ of the 9-pin serial port. Default: Auto. 2nd COM Port When 2nd COM Port is set to Auto, the system will automatically set the interrupt and IRQ for that port. Otherwise this option allows you to choose (from a list) the I/O address and IRQ of the 25-pin serial port. Default: Auto. 42 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP LPT Port Sets the parallel port designation. This allows you to specify the parallel port address and IRQ, which otherwise are factory set. Default: Auto. LPT Mode Allows you to set the parallel port communication mode to match the capabilities of your parallel port device. Settings: Output Only, Bidirectional or ECP. Default: Output Only. Diskette Controller Enables or disables the on-board floppy diskette controller. Default: Enabled. Local Bus IDE Adapter Configures the on-board Local Bus IDE controller, which controls up to four PCI local bus devices. Settings: Disabled, Primary, Secondary, Both. Default: Both. (more settings, next page) 43 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP PCI Devices The PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) Devices submenu allows you to enable or disable the integrated SCSI and LAN options. Enable On-board SCSI Enables/disables the built-in SCSI port, if present. Default: Disabled. On-board Ethernet Enables/disables the on-board AMD Ethernet controller, if present. Default: Disabled. BIOS Enable Bus Master Determines whether the BIOS will enable bus master operation by setting the Bus Master bit in the PCI device configuration space. Normally, the software for the device will enable bus master operation, but some nonconforming software may depend on the BIOS to perform this function. Options: Disabled, Enabled. Default: Disabled. Plug & Play O/S Enables/disables peripheral add-on features for computers with Plug & Play operating systems. Options: No, Yes. Default: No. 44 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Reset Configuration Data Clears system configuration settings. Options: No, Yes. Default: No. Large Disk Access Mode Lets you set your system to expect a large DOS hard disk, or some Other type of hard disk, such as expected by UNIX or Novell Netware. Default: DOS. OS Support for More Than 64MB When enabled, interrupt 15 function 88h only reports 16MB of RAM if MORE than 64MB is installed. This is used by OS/2 and Windows NT to recognize more than 64MB. These operating systems use Int. 15 function E001h to size the memory installed. These OS's require Int. 15 function 88h to behave as described above when more than 64MB of RAM is installed. Options: Disabled, Enabled. Default: Disabled. (more settings, next page) 45 Chapter 3 - Using SETUP Security Options The Security Menu allows you to password-protect system access, a way of safeguarding information. When passwords are enabled, users must type the proper password to access the protected part of the system. Note: 1. It's easy to forget a password, so we strongly recommend writing down your passwords and storing them in a secure place. 2. If you type the User password on entering SETUP, you cannot change the Supervisor Password or Diskette Access settings. Warning! If you forget the password, your system will not operate. You will have to completely clear the CMOS memory and reenter your entire system configuration. Write down your password and store it in a safe place. The following security items are available: · Set Supervisor Password · Set User Password · Password on Boot · Diskette Access · Fixed disk boot sector · System Backup Reminder · Virus Check Reminder Supervisor Password is Allows you to enter a system supervisor password. This password controls access to all features of your system. User Password is Accessible only after Supervisor Password is enabled, this allows you to enter a system user password. You can't use the User Password to alter the Supervisor Password in SETUP.